Crotus Rubeanus

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Crotus Rubeanus , also Rubianus , (* around 1480 in Dornheim near Arnstadt , Thuringia , † around 1545 in Halberstadt ) was a German humanist and Catholic theologian .

Names

His baptismal name was Johannes Jäger . He Latinized the family name academically to Venator (ius) . From 1509 he led the names given to him by Mutianus Rufus Crotus after the shooter Krotos of Greek mythology and Rubeanus (Latin "from the [thorny] blackberry bush ") as the name of origin "from Dornheim".

Life

Ioannes Crotus Rubeanus: Apologia for Cardinal Archbishop Albrecht (Albertus) , Leipzig 1531

Rubeanus came from a farming family. In 1498 he enrolled at the University of Erfurt , where he received his bachelor's degree in 1500. In 1501 he met Martin Luther as a fellow student , and in 1503 Ulrich von Hutten , according to a letter from April 1520. In 1505 he went with Hutten to Cologne for a semester . Returned to Erfurt, he joined the humanist circle around Mutianus Rufus and Eobanus Hessus . He had a lifelong friendship with Eobanus. In 1507 he became a master .

In 1510 Rubeanus became head of the Fulda monastery school and secretary of the coadjutor and (from 1513) Prince Abbot Hartmann von Kirchberg . In 1517 he went to Italy . In Bologna in 1519 he was promoted to Dr. theol. PhD. His impressions of the Roman Curia brought him closer to Luther's Reformation . From 1520 he taught at the University of Erfurt. As its rector , on April 6, 1521, he held an honorable reception for Martin Luther, who was on his way to the Worms Reichstag . When Luther's ostracism caused serious unrest at the University of Erfurt, Rubeanus returned to Fulda.

In 1524 his Bolognese fellow student Friedrich Fischer brought him to Königsberg , where Rubeanus became a councilor and employee of the Grand Master of the German Order, Albrecht of Prussia . However, Rubeanus rejected his reformatory policy and left Königsberg in 1530.

In 1531 he entered the service of Albrecht of Brandenburg , who as Prince Archbishop of Magdeburg and Mainz was Luther's most powerful opponent. Albrecht awarded him a canonical at the collegiate monastery in Halle, which he founded . Rubeanus' break with the Reformation was thus public and met with sharp criticism from Luther and his followers.

Around 1537 Rubeanus moved to Halberstadt as a canon , where he died a few years later - the exact date is unknown.

Literary work

Rubeanus was a staunch advocate of the humanistic ideal of education and was closely associated with the leading humanists of the time. Today he is identified as the main author of the first part of the anonymous letters to dark men from 1515, which satirically denounced the educational hostility that was widespread in the clergy. At the time of his rectorate in Erfurt in 1520/21 he supported Luther's movement, but later turned away from it and, after his Apologia of 1531 for Archbishop Albrecht, did not engage in any further polemics. Luther corrupted his name to "toad" and called him "the Cardinal of Mainz's plate-lick". Of his humanistic friends only Eobanus remained connected to him.

literature

Web links

Commons : Crotus Rubeanus  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Crotus Rubeanus - the most famous Dornheimer. Circle of Friends for the Preservation of the Wedding Church of JS Bach in Dornheim e. V. [1]
  2. ↑ Huber-Rebenich, Col. 505
  3. ↑ WAB 2; 91.3 f.
personal data
SURNAME Crotus Rubeanus
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Crotus Rubianus; Jäger, Johannes (maiden name); Venator, Johannes (until 1509); Venatorius, Johannes (until 1509)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German humanist and Catholic theologian
DATE OF BIRTH around 1480
PLACE OF BIRTH Dornheim , Thuringia
DATE OF DEATH around 1545
Place of death Halberstadt