Dune funnel daffodil

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Dune funnel daffodil
Dune funnel daffodil (Pancratium maritimum)

Dune funnel daffodil ( Pancratium maritimum )

Systematics
Class : Bedecktsamer (Magnoliopsida)
Monocots
Order : Asparagales (Asparagales)
Family : Amaryllis family (Amaryllidaceae)
Genre : Funnel daffodils ( Pancratium )
Type : Dune funnel daffodil
Scientific name
Pancratium maritimum
L.
Entire plant in the habitat at flowering time
Fruiting plant with deciduous leaves and unripe capsule fruits
Open, ripe capsule fruit and black seeds
On the southeast coast of Crete - sociable growing in the immediate vicinity of the sea
The slightest accumulation of sand on rocky grounds, also located in the flood zone, is sufficient as a root ground for the dune-funnel narcissus to settle.

The sea daffodil ( Pancratium maritimum ), even beach Lily called, is a plant from the family of the Amaryllis (Amaryllidaceae). It is widespread on the shores of the Mediterranean.

description

Vegetative characteristics

The dune funnel narcissus grows as a perennial , herbaceous plant and reaches heights of about 60 to 75 cm. As a geophyte , it forms a deep-seated onion that is about 5 to 7 cm in diameter. The five to six basal leaves , arranged in the form of a flat spiral, appear after flowering. The simple, gray-green colored, coarse leaves are belt-shaped with a length of up to 75 cm and a width between 1 and 2 cm.

Generative characteristics

The flowering period extends from July to September. On the inflorescence stem, which is up to 75 centimeters long, sits on two red-brown, paper-like, approximately 5 to 7 centimeters long bracts of the terminal shawny inflorescence , which contains three to fifteen flowers.

The strikingly large and fragrant flowers only bloom from the afternoon until the following morning. The hermaphrodite flowers are threefold. The six identical, white bracts have grown together to form a 6 to 8 centimeter long and very slender, funnel-shaped corolla tube. The free sections of the bracts are linear-lanceolate with a length of 3 to 5 centimeters. The twelve-toothed, funnel-shaped, white secondary crown is about 2/3 as long as the crown and is connected to the lower part of the stamens. The six stamens arranged in two alternating circles tower above the secondary crown. Three carpels are fused to form a subordinate, three- chamber ovary.

The slightly triangular, egg-shaped, 2.3 to 3 centimeters long, loculicidal, triple capsule fruit contains 10 to 40 seeds. The pitch black seeds are 11 to 13 millimeters in size. It is suspected that ants were involved in the spread of the seeds. The seeds float for a long time, which means that they can also spread with the help of sea water.

Chromosome number

The number of chromosomes is 2n = 22.

Occurrence

The dune-funnel daffodil is widespread on the coasts of the Mediterranean Sea , but is also found on the southern coasts of the Black Sea , reaching Bulgaria in the west and Transcaucasia in the east . On the Atlantic coast, the northernmost deposits are in southern Brittany , the southernmost near Essaouira in Morocco . The presence on the Canary Island Fuerteventura is possibly due to deposits on the Azores -Insel Faial and on the Bermuda Islands safe introduction.

The dune funnel narcissus inhabits white dunes and similar locations on sandy beaches. In the phytosociological system it is considered as characteristic species of the class Ammophiletea arenariae.

reception

The flowers of the dune funnel-shaped daffodil are a common motif in the wall paintings of the excavated houses on the volcanic island of Santorini and were probably used as standard for frescoes and inlays alongside the lily flower .

The dune-funnel-shaped daffodil is one of the plants that the Bible calls "flowers".

In the Song of Solomon ( Hld 2,1  ELB ) and in the book of Isaiah ( Isa 35,1-2  ELB ) the fertile Sharon plain and the rose of S (ch) aron are praised. The dune funnel narcissus ( Hebrew חבצלת החוף) is called because of the Hebrew name of the rose of Sharon (חבצלת השרון) today often identified with this. Many post-biblical poets also mentioned this saron flower . An example is a poem that Johann Heinrich Reitz had followed his biography by Georg Balthasar in 1726 in the history of the re- bore, here only the second stanza is quoted, which refers to the saron flower:

May you only be as humble
as the nidre Sarons = Blum /
And accordingly stand respectfully
And bow down before God = crooked:
So you should soon have the gifts of
His Spirit in you.

The poem became known through its inclusion as a folk song text in Achim von Arnim's first volume of the song collection Des Knaben Wunderhorn , published in 1805 under the title Become a child .

The saintly legend of the Restituta of Africa claims that dune-funnel daffodils bloomed when their corpse landed on Ischia .

swell

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Name for example documented in: Wilhelm Gesenius (Gre.), Herbert Donner (Ed.): Hebrew and Aramaic concise dictionary on the Old Testament: 2nd delivery Dalet - Yod. 18th edition. Springer, Berlin / Heidelberg / New York 1995, ISBN 3-540-58048-4 , p. 320 limited preview in the Google book search.
  2. ↑ a b c Ruprecht Düll, Irene Düll: Pocket dictionary of the Mediterranean flora: a botanical-ecological excursion companion to the most important species. Quelle & Meyer, Wiebelsheim 2007, ISBN 978-3-494-01426-5 , pp. 256-257.
  3. ↑ a b R. R. Mill: Pancratium . In Peter Hadland Davis (ed.): Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands. Vol. 8 (Butomaceae to Typhaceae) . Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh 1984, ISBN 0-85224-494-0 , pp. 380 .
  4. ↑ a b René Maire (Ed.): Flore de l'Afrique du Nord. Volume VI: Monocotyledonae: Liliales: Amarillidaceae, Dioscoreaceae, Iridaceae; Scitaminales; Gynandrales. Lechevalier, Paris 1959, pp. 35–36 (PDF file, 15.2 MB).
  5. ^ Tropicos. [1]
  6. ↑ Entry on Tela Botanica  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / www.tela-botanica.org  
  7. ^ Alfred Hansen, Per Sunding: Flora of Macaronesia. Checklist of vascular plants . In: Sommerfeltia . 4th edition. tape 17 , 1993, p. 196-197 .
  8. ^ HB Small: Botany of the Bermudas . Nelmes, Hamilton 1913, online
  9. ↑ Rafael Govaerts: World Checklist of Amaryllidaceae . The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew 2005, Pancratium maritimum online , accessed May 22, 2011
  10. ^ Ivo Horvat, Vjekoslav Glavač, Heinz Ellenberg: Vegetation Southeast Europe . Gustav Fischer, Stuttgart 1974, ISBN 3-437-30168-3 , pp. 107-108.
  11. ↑ The dune-funnel narcissus as a biblical plant, Eugen Ulmer Verlag, excerpt online
  12. ↑ cf. Article: “Saron” in: Der Große Brockhaus: Handbuch des Wissens in twenty volumes : 21 vols., Leipzig: Brockhaus, 15 1928–1935; Vol. 16: 'Roq-Schq', p. 455.
  13. ^ Johann Henrich Reitz: Historie der Wiedergebohrnen, part 5 , second history / by Johanne Jessenio , famous Doctor Medicinae, and by Georg Balthasar / a simple-minded farmer in Bohemia
  14. ↑ Hans-Jürgen Schrader: "Become a child!" In the "Wunderhorn": Pietistic dowries to romanticism in: Wolfgang Breul, Marcus Meier and Lothar Vogel (editors): Der radical Pietismus , Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen 2010, ISBN 978- 3-525-55839-3 (printed) and ISBN 978-3-647-55839-4 (e-book), Volume 55 of the series Hans Schneider, Christian Bunners and Hans-Jürgen Schrader (editor): Works on the history of Pietism
  15. ↑ Contribution to the festival of Restituta on benessereischia.it
  16. ↑ Ischia anthology on larassegnadischia.it
  17. ^ Travel tip Ischia on Süddeutsche.de

Web links

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