Funnel daffodils

Funnel daffodils
	Illyrian funnel daffodil ( Pancratium illyricum )
Systematics
	Monocots
Order :	Asparagales (Asparagales)
Family :	Amaryllis family (Amaryllidaceae)
Subfamily :	Amaryllidoideae
Tribe :	Pancratieae
Genre :	Funnel daffodils
Scientific name
	Pancratium
	L.

The pancratium ( Pancratium ), often referred to as Pankraz lilies called, are a genus in the family of Amaryllis (Amaryllidaceae).

description

Illustration of Pancratium zeylanicum

Vegetative characteristics

Pancratium species are perennial herbaceous plants that develop bulbs as persistent organs. The basal leaves are simple, flat, linear and sessile.

Generative characteristics

One to many flowers stand together in dold-like inflorescences , with two bracts on long shafts that are not hollow. The flower stalk is often short. The hermaphrodite, threefold flowers are trumpet-shaped. The six identical, overgrown, spreading bloom cladding sheets ( tepals ) are mostly white. The stamens are fused with the bloom cladding sheets. The stamens, which have grown together cup-shaped over almost their entire length, are only free at the top end. Three carpels have grown together to form a subordinate ovary that contains many ovules. The thin stylus ends in a mostly cephalic, sometimes three-lobed to-branched scar. Three-chamber capsule fruits are formed that contain black, angular seeds.

Pancratium parvum

Pancratium sickenbergeri in the habitat

Pancratium triflorum

Systematics and distribution

The genus Pancratium was established in 1753 by Carl von Linné in Species Plantarum , 1, p. 290. Pancratium maritimum L. was specified as the lectotype species by Nathaniel Lord Britton in Flora of Bermuda , p. 77 in 1918 . Synonyms for Pancratium L. are: Mizonia A.Chev. , Halmyra Herb. , Tiaranthus Herb. , Zouchia Raf. , Bollaea Parl. , Almyra Salisb. , Chapmanolirion Dinter .

The Pancratium species are mainly found in the Mediterranean area , but also on the Canary Islands, West Africa and tropical Asia .

There are about 21 species of Pancratium :

Pancratium arabicum beading : It occurs only in northern Egypt and on the Sinai Peninsula .

Pancratium biflorum Roxb. : It is common in India , Sri Lanka and Hong Kong .

Canary Island Daffodil ( Pancratium canariense Ker Gawl. ): It is native to the Canary Islands .
Pancratium centrale (A.Chev.) Traub (Syn .: Mizonia centrale A.Chev. ): It is distributed from northeastern Cameroon to Ethiopia .
Pancratium donaldii leaf. : It occurs in western India.
Pancratium foetidum Pomel : It is common in North Africa in Morocco , Algeria , Tunisia and Libya .
Illyrian funnel-shaped daffodil ( Pancratium illyricum L. ): It is found only in Corsica , Sardinia and Capri .
Pancratium landesii Traub : You only comes on the southern Arabian Peninsula before.
Pancratium longiflorum Roxb. ex Ker Gawl. : It is common in India.
Dune funnel-shaped daffodil ( Pancratium maritimum L. ): It is distributed from Fuerteventura across the Mediterranean to the Black Sea coast .
Pancratium maximum Forssk. (Syn .: Mizonia maxima (Forssk.) A.Chev. ): It occurs on the southwestern Arabian Peninsula and in northeastern Sudan .
Pancratium nairii Sasikala & Reema Kumari : It wasfirst describedin 2013 from the Indian state of Kerala .
Pancratium parvicoronatum Geerinck : It isnativefrom the southern Democratic Republic of the Congo to Malawi .
Pancratium parvum Dalzell : It occurs in western India.
Pancratium sickenbergeri Ash. & Schweinf. : It occurs from Syria to the Arabian Peninsula.
Pancratium st-mariae leaf. & Hallb. : It occurs in western India.
Pancratium tenuifolium Hochst. ex A.Rich. (Syn .: Chapmanolirion juttae Dinter ): It occurs in tropical and southern Africa.
Pancratium tortuosum Herb. : It occurs from Egypt to Eritrea and on the Arabian Peninsula.
Pankrazlilie or Kwashi ( Pancratium trianthum Herb. ): It is distributed from the Sahara to West Africa and in northern tropical Africa.
Pancratium triflorum Roxb. : It occurs in eastern India.
Pancratium verecundum Aiton : It is common in Pakistan and the Himalayas .
Pancratium zeylanicum L. (Syn .: Pancratium tiariflorum Salisb. , Pancratium uniflorum Stokes ): It iswidespreadon the Laccadives and in Malesia .

literature

Zhanhe Ji, Alan W. Meerow: Amaryllidaceae. In Wu Zheng-yi, Peter H. Raven (Ed.): Flora of China . Volume 24: Flagellariaceae through Marantaceae . Science Press / Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing / St. Louis 2000, ISBN 0-915279-83-5 , Pancratium , pp. 266 (English, online ).
Peter Schönfelder, Ingrid Schönfelder: What is in bloom in the Mediterranean? 750 species (= Kosmos nature guide ). 4th edition. Franckh-Kosmos, Stuttgart 2005, ISBN 3-440-10211-4 .

Individual evidence

^ Pancratium in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland.
↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q ^r ^s ^t ^u ^v ^w Rafaël Govaerts (Ed.): Pancratium. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved September 21, 2016.

Web links

Commons : Hopper Daffodils ( Pancratium ) - Collection of images, videos, and audio files

Pancratium . In: U. Brunken, M. Schmidt, S. Dressler, T. Janssen, A. Thiombiano, G. Zizka: West African plants - A Photo Guide. Senckenberg Research Institute, Frankfurt am Main 2008.

Map with all linked sites: OSM | WikiMap

[GRIN-1] Pancratium in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland.

[WCSP-2] ↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q ^r ^s ^t ^u ^v ^w Rafaël Govaerts (Ed.): Pancratium. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved September 21, 2016.