Daniel Iffla
Daniel Iffla (called Osiris ) (born July 23, 1825 in Bordeaux , † 1907 in Paris ) was a French stock market speculator and patron . He financed the construction of several synagogues in France and supported the construction of the synagogue in Lausanne and the Great Synagogue of Tunis .
family
Daniel Iffla Osiris was the son of Désir Isaac Iffla (1799–1869) and Léa Cardoso d'Urbino (1797–1878). He had four sisters, Sarah, Rachel, Esther and Aimée, and a brother Charles. His father was a traveling salesman. His mother came from a family of Italian Jews who had fled Spain to Tuscany . The family belonged to the Jewish-Portuguese community of Bordeaux. The house where he was born is at 244 Rue Sainte Catherine, formerly Rue Bouhaut.
His father's ancestors came from Morocco , from Salé , a town near Rabat . Around 1720 Salomon Ifflar let in Bordeaux as Schächter down (schochet). His son Moïse was also a slaughterer, his brother Isaac, like his sons and grandsons, became a merchant. The spelling Ifflar or Ifflah was standardized to Iffla in the 19th century. The son of Isaac, Daniel (born October 5, 1773, † June 1873), the grandfather of Daniel Iffla Osiris, had distinguished himself in the Napoleonic wars and received the Helen medal . Daniel Ifflas Osiris' admiration for Napoleon Bonaparte , his collection of souvenirs of Napoleon and the purchase of Malmaison Castle in 1896 or a plot of land on the Waterloo battlefield can all be traced back to the admiration of this grandfather. In 1795 Daniel Iffla married Sara Fonsèque (Fonsecca), who came from a Bayonne family. From this marriage Désir Isaac, the father of Daniel Iffla Osiris, emerged.
On July 26, 1855, Daniel Iffla married Osiris Léonie Carlier (* May 24, 1836 in Paris; † October 13, 1855 ibid.), Who died almost three months later giving birth to twins who did not survive. Throughout his life, Daniel Iffla cultivated the memory of his late wife. He did not remarry and left no offspring.
A niece of Daniel Iffla was Emma Bardac, who was married to Claude Debussy for the second time . Another niece, Charlotte Augustine Hortense Lejeune (1877-1956), was an actress with the stage name Charlotte Lycès and Sacha Guitry's first wife .
Career and entrepreneurial activity
Daniel Iffla went to Paris at a young age, where he first attended the Lycée Turgot . He is said to have worked with a hawker at fairs and sold ties before he took a job at the stockbroker Moreau. He later worked for Jules Mirès and Moïse Polydore Millaud , both of whom came from Bordeaux and worked in many different fields in Paris. They published newspapers and founded banks like the Caisse génerale des chemins de fer . With the brothers Émile and Isaac Pereire they invested in the construction of the Spanish railway. In 1860 Daniel Iffla and A. Baudoz published a historical treatise ( Histoire de la guerre de l'Espagne avec le Maroc ), in which several chapters are devoted to the Spanish railways. Iffla and his partners also supported the expansion of Arcachon as a winter resort and were involved in the construction of the shipyards in Marseille . In Paris, they bought land and real estate on the Avenue des Champs-Élysées and built the Passage des Princes. Daniel Iffla had various villas built in Arcachon, including a. the Villa Alexandre Dumas.
capital
In a scandal-ridden bankruptcy, Jules Mirès' company collapsed in 1860. Daniel Iffla was accused of contributing to this fall and taking advantage of it. From then on his fortune began to grow. In speculating with shares in the Compagnie Parisienne du Gaz , he claims to have earned 180,000 francs in one fell swoop. In 1877 his fortune was estimated at eight million francs; when he died in 1907 it was estimated at 50 million francs. He owned five Hôtels particuliers on Rue La Bruyère in the 9th arrondissement in Paris . He lived in house number 9 himself; he had rented houses number 11, 13, 15 and 17.
Osiris
Osiris is the name of the Egyptian god of the dead and rebirth. Even as a young man, Daniel Iffla triedto displacethe family name Iffla andreplaceit with Osiris . In his surroundings he was soon only called Osiris . An imperial decree of August 24, 1861 authorized himto bearthe name Iffla Osiris . A civil entry in Bordeaux notes the name change.
Patronage
In 1873, Daniel Iffla donated six Wallace fountains to his hometown Bordeaux, modeled on Sir Richard Wallace , who gave the city of Paris over 60 drinking water fountains named after him in 1872.
In 1875 he bought the famous Château La Tour Blanche winery in Bordeaux , which he bequeathed to the French state after his death on the condition that a wine-making school be set up on this site. The École de Viticulture et d'Œnologie de la Tour Blanche still exists today.
In 1896 Daniel Iffla bought Malmaison Castle , which Napoleon had lived in with his first wife Joséphine de Beauharnais , in order to restore it. In 1903 he donated it to the French state on condition that it be restored with the original furniture and that an Osiris Pavilion , a museum in memory of Napoleon, be set up, in which his collection of Napoleonic memorabilia was to be shown in a permanent exhibition.
From his estate, Daniel Iffla left his hometown Bordeaux two million francs for a soup ship (called Bateau-Soupe Osiris ), a day asylum on a ship that was moored on the Quai Sainte Croix on the Garonne and served free hot meals to the needy at regular times were. There were two dining rooms there, one for men with 80 seats and one for women and children with 48 seats. The ship was inaugurated in 1912 and was in service until World War II .
He gave the city of Nancy a statue of Joan of Arc by the sculptor Emmanuel Frémiet , the Comédie-Française in Paris he gave a sculpture by Alfred de Musset by the sculptor Antonin Mercié (1845-1916). The city of Lausanne he donated a statue of William Tell in thanks for taking the army of Charles Denis Bourbaki during the Franco-German War in 1871. The sculpture was also executed by the sculptor Antonin Mercié that the bronze statue of Moses that on Grave created by Daniel Iffla in the Montmartre cemetery in Paris. The sculpture is a copy of Moses by Michelangelo , the original of which is in the Church of San Pietro in Vincoli in Rome .
As a universal heir, Daniel Iffla established the Pasteur Institute in his will , which inherited 36 million francs and, with the help of this inheritance, founded the Institut du Radium , now the Institut Curie .
Synagogues
Daniel Iffla financed the construction of several synagogues. In Paris he supported the construction of the synagogue on Rue Buffault . He had the Arcachon synagogue built as a private synagogue without the consent of the consistory . It was inaugurated in 1879 on the occasion of the wedding of his niece Emma Moyse to Sigismund Bardac. He also made it possible for the Jewish community of Bruyères in the Vosges department to build a synagogue. He also supported the construction of the Tours Synagogue , which had 100 seats and was inaugurated on June 19, 1908, and the construction of the Vincennes Synagogue with 180 seats, which was inaugurated on September 5, 1908. The Synagogue of Lausanne was inaugurated in 1910, the Great Synagogue of Tunis could not be inaugurated until 1937.
Awards
Daniel Iffla Osiris was awarded the Orden de Isabel la Católica for his services to the Spanish railways .
See also
literature
- Dominique Jarrassé: Guide du Patrimoine Juif Parisien . Parigramme, Paris 2003, ISBN 978-2-84096-247-2 , pp. 82-85, 91-92, 149, 183-184.
- Dominique Jarrassé: Osiris, Mécène juif, Nationaliste français . Editions Esthétiques du Divers, 2008, ISBN 978-2-9533041-0-7 .
- Henry Schumann: Mémoire des communautés juives. Meurthe-et-Moselle, Meuse et Vosges . Éditions Serpenoise, Metz 2003, ISBN 2-87692-585-0 , pp. 66-67.
Web links
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Iffla, Daniel |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Daniel Iffla Osiris |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | French punter and patron |
| DATE OF BIRTH | July 23, 1825 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Bordeaux |
| DATE OF DEATH | 1907 |
| Place of death | Paris |