Faenza Cathedral

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San Pietro Apostolo

facade

Basic data
Denomination Roman Catholic
place Faenza , Italy
diocese Diocese of Faenza-Modigliana
Building history
architect Giuliano da Maiano
construction time 1474-1515
Building description
inauguration 1581
dedication Apostle Peter
Coordinates 44 ° 17 '9 "  N , 11 ° 53' 4.1"  E Coordinates: 44 ° 17 '9 "  N , 11 ° 53' 4.1"  E
Template: Infobox church building / maintenance / function and title missing Template: Infobox church building / maintenance / dedication or patronage missing

The Cathedral of San Pietro Apostolo is the main Catholic place of worship in the city of Faenza in Emilia-Romagna , the mother church of the Diocese of Faenza-Modigliana . It bears the title of a minor basilica .

history

As an expression of the Renaissance architecture in Romagna , it shows Tuscan influence. Construction, designed by Giuliano da Maiano , began in 1474 and was not completed until 1515, but the facade was left unfinished. The consecration with the dedication to Saint Peter took place in 1581.

In October 1948, Pope Pius XII. the cathedral became a minor basilica .

It is Faenza’s third cathedral since the diocese was founded. The first was Santa Maria foris portam , cathedral until 743. The second, whose construction time is unknown, was built on the site where the present one is and had an east-facing facade and was divided into three naves.

description

Outside

The protruding stones are visible on the unfinished facade . In the lower part of the facade there are three portals with round arches in line with the three aisled structure of the interior, while there are windows to the side chapels. In the upper part, two grandpas illuminate the aisles and two high arched windows and a rose window illuminate the nave. The facade ends with a simple triangular pediment surmounted by a wrought iron cross.

The bell tower is located above the right arm of the transept. It is a bell gable with three bells, each within its own arch.

Inside

Inside
Detail of the sarcophagus of Saint Emilian. Photo: Paolo Monti , 1979.

The interior of the cathedral has the plan of a Latin cross with three naves separated by arched arcades, the columns of which alternate with pillars in an Ionic order . The ships are flanked by eight chapels on each side. The deep apse ends with a half-dome in the shape of a shell and is illuminated by five high arched windows. Behind the high altar made of multi-colored marble there are wooden choir stalls, dated 1513.

The cathedral houses works of art from the Renaissance period , particularly sculptures:

  • Chapel of Beata Vergine delle Grazie , built as a diocesan shrine and containing a fresco from 1412. The fresco shows Mary breaking arrows, a symbol of the dangers from which she offers protection.
  • Sarcophagus of St. Terenzio di Imola , from 1462, work of a Tuscan master;
  • Sarcophagus of Sabinus of Assisi , completed in 1468, possibly in Florence by Benedetto da Maiano .
  • Sarcophagus of Saint Emiliano, from the second half of the 15th century (some marble reliefs are now in the Musée Jacquemart-André in Paris).
  • Painting by Innocenco da Imola Virgin with Baby Jesus and Saints John the Baptist, Peter and Paul, Joachim and Anna (oil on panel, 1526).
Altar of the Beata Vergine delle Grazie

The altar of the Madonna delle Grazie was erected in 1725/26 by the brotherhood of the same name in the Dominican church. It was moved to the cathedral in 1762 and integrated into an earlier marble altar (possibly the work of the sculptor Tommaso Ruer), which includes the statues of Saints Peter and Paul and two angels gathering a curtain, the large drapery of which ends in a cross at the top . The central part of the arrangement is the image of the Madonna, surrounded by seraphimes between two red marble columns from France, which carry an architrave with two smaller angels. There are two more columns made of black and white Carrara marble, which hold the blasted gable, on which again two angels with three broken arrows sit, the symbol of the brotherhood. In the center of the pediment, an oval surrounds a medallion with a bas-relief depicting the apparition of the Virgin.
The artist is Girolamo Domenico Bertos, a Venetian architect and marble sculptor who, however, lived in Ravenna . In Carlo Zanelli's chronicle (manuscript 48, IB, Biblioteca Comunale di Faenza) it was noted on July 4, 1727 (p. 208): “The Beata Vergine delle Grazie was detached from the wall and placed in an oak frame. A new altar was made for her, in which the painting mentioned was placed two feet higher than in the old one. The creator of the said altar was Mr. Girolamo Bertos and he was given 410 scudi for the construction and the marble of the said altar ” .

organ

The Mascioni - organ opus 809 was built 1,962th The instrument has an electric action and its console has three keyboards with 61 notes each and a concave-radial pedal with 32 notes.

The main registers of the organ are on the two galleries on the sides of the presbytery; the sound box and the console are hidden by the high altar, in the middle of the wooden choir in the apse.

  • Kreuzkapelle

  • Chapel of Petrus Damiani

  • Chapel of the Madonna del Popolo

  • Chapel shrine of the Beata Vergine delle Grazie

literature

  • Ufficio diocesano per l'arte sacra ei beni culturali (ed.): Bellezza fede e cultura, Itinerari nella diocesi Faenza-Modigliana . Tipografia faentina, Faenza (Italian).
  • Il Duomo di Faenza . Tipografia faentina, Faenza (Italian).
  • Arciconfraternita della Beata Vergine delle Grazie (ed.): La Madonna delle Grazie di Faenza, Notes storiche . Tipografia faentina, Faenza 2000 (Italian).

Web links

Commons : Faenza Cathedral  - collection of images, videos and audio files
Wikibooks: Cattedrale di San Pietro apostolo a Faenza, disposition of the organ  - learning and teaching materials (Italian)

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Basilica Cattedrale di S. Pietro Apostolo . gcatholic.org.
  2. ↑ La Beata Vergine delle Grazie nella storia . Retrieved May 16, 2020.
  3. ^ San Terenzio di Imola . Retrieved May 16, 2020.
  4. ↑ In 1448 Astorre II Manfredi took over the Signoria of Faenza with the associated possessions, including Fusignano. A few years later he left the remains of St. Remove Sabinus and bring it to the cathedral. In 1471 they were deposited in the sarcophagus. The first study of the remains preserved therein was carried out by Bishop Erminio Valenti (1605-1618). Inside, a skull, bones and ashes were found, as well as a manuscript depicting the saint's life. The relics were placed in a new chapel. At the end of the 18th century, the saint's relics were lost.