Village church Zaue
The Protestant village church of Zaue is a late Romanesque stone church from the second half of the 14th century in Zaue , an inhabited part of the municipality of Ressen-Zaue , a district of the municipality of Schwielochsee in the Dahme-Spreewald district in Brandenburg . The church belongs to the parish of Oderland-Spree of the Evangelical Church Berlin-Brandenburg-Silesian Oberlausitz .
location
The Zauer Dorfstraße runs as a central connecting axis coming from the northeast and southwest through the village, parallel to the Schwielochsee. In the town center, a short connecting road branches off to the east towards the lake. There the church stands on a slightly elevated plot of land with a church cemetery , which is enclosed with a wall made of unhewn and non-layered field stones .
history
From dendrochronological research it is known that there was a wooden previous building from around 1225, from which material was taken. The sacred building was probably built in the second half of the 13th century. It was first mentioned in a document in a register of the diocese of Meißen from 1341. It may have belonged to the Dobrilugk monastery like the Leibchel village church . From further dendrochronological studies it is known that the west tower was added after 1399. A church guide points out, however, that due to the Gothic decoration of one of the bells, it is also possible that it was cast around 1350. Since the tower was built later, it would also be possible that the church was built between 1250 and 1280. However, the rather uncut field stones suggest a later construction date.
At the beginning of the 16th century, a south porch was added, which was redesigned in 1920 to a memorial for the fallen from the First World War . Around 1736 extensive renovation work was carried out on the initiative of those from the Schulenburg , including the installation of a gallery , which was shortened again in 1937. In the same year, restoration work began, which was provisionally completed in 1939. Numerous medieval wall paintings that were preserved in 1987 and 1996 were uncovered.
Building description
The building was essentially made of field stones, which apart from a few corner stones were only slightly carved and not layered. The choir is straight and has not moved in. On the east wall is a group of three windows, of which the two outer windows are however enlarged in the shape of a segment; the middle one should come from the construction period. In the gable is a small, upright rectangular opening slightly off-center to the south. It was built from significantly smaller and unhewn stones.
The nave has a rectangular floor plan. On the north wall in the eastern area there is a large, pressed segment arch-shaped window. This is followed by a much smaller and deeper window in the west and a medium-sized window in the far west. On the south side there is also a large arched window in the eastern area. To the west is a field and with bricks added priests gate . To the west of it, two windows are arranged one above the other in a segment-shaped opening. This version can also be found in a window in the western area. In between is a large vestibule, which is also rectangular in plan. It can be entered from the south through a portal. To the east of this is a small arched window; likewise on the east side of the vestibule. The southern gable is two-storey and decorated with rich panels of intersecting round arches. Above are pinnacles .
At the transition to the transverse rectangular church tower are two simple buttresses on the ship . The tower can be entered from the west through a simple portal. On the side are small and tall rectangular openings. On the bell storey there are two coupled sound arcades in the north and south and two in the east and west . Above rises the transverse gable roof with a cross on the north and south sides.
Furnishing
The pulpit altar from 1736 rests on a brick, Gothic cafeteria . On it stands a polygonal pulpit between vine-leaf columns that are decorated with acanthus on the sides . Above it is a sound cover with the coat of arms of those of Schulenburg; two angel figures on the side, above the eagle from Electoral Saxony . The pulpit altar was made by a Lieberos carpenter for 34 thalers. Other church furnishings include a round fifth made of Elbe sandstone, which was built in the 15th century. A “ beautiful ” Madonna carved from linden wood probably dates from around 1420 and was restored in 1970/1971. A brass baptismal font was made in Nuremberg in 1670 . She came to the church after the entire person to be baptized was no longer submerged, but only the head was moistened. The piece is a gift from the pastor's wife von Stein to the parish.
All walls are decorated with a cycle of wall painting that was created around 1420/1430. In the western area, scenes from the Old Testament can be seen, including the creation story, Adam and Eve , the sacrifice of Isaac and the burning bush . In the east, scenes from the childhood and passion of Jesus Christ are depicted, including the birth and the Passion : Jesus before Pilate, flagellation, crowning of thorns, carrying the cross. The scenes are accompanied by Paulus von Tarsus and Simon Petrus on both sides of the middle east window. The scenes from the New Testament were designed under Bohemian influence. They are an indication of the time when Niederlausitz belonged to the Kingdom of Bohemia . In the middle of the north wall there is another scene that shows Landgrave Ludwig as a crusader and Saint Elizabeth . In the western part of the nave below the gallery are further wall paintings from around 1500, including a so-called butter witch and two devils creeping up. The interior is designed with a segment-arched barrel from 1736, which is decorated with a cloudy sky. The marbled, painted horseshoe gallery from around 1730 stands on baluster posts and was shortened in 1937.
Baptism angel
Another special feature is a baptismal angel that Tobias Mathias Beyermann created in 1720. The 1.31 m tall work was restored in 2012/2013 and has the original color. It goes back to a foundation of the von der Schulenburg family, which held the church patronage in the 18th century and initiated a baroque redesign of the interior. The baptism baptism was outsourced for a long time and did not return to the church until around 1900. The original roller system in the attic is available and functional. The Brandenburg State Office for the Preservation of Monuments and the State Archaeological Museum (BLDAM) pays tribute to the “expression of the face and the curly curls” that give the angel a “childlike character”. The original painting consisting of a garment decorated with flowers and the matt gold-plated wings are also noteworthy. During the restoration, the color scheme was consolidated, missing fingers and toes were added and the wings were stabilized - the result of a fall from an earlier time. The BLDAM points to a “big surprise” that came to light during the work: A document was found in the hollowed-out corpus that “provides information about the authorship and the time of creation. It mentions the master Tobias Mathias Beyermann from Lübben, his son and a journeyman as the maker of the baptismal angel in 1720. Attached is a short report on the effects of a bad harvest that year on people and livestock. "
Further equipment
In front of the choir there are two urn graves for JDE Schmidt, who died in 1818, and for HW Schmidt, who died in 1837. In the parish garden there are still three baroque sandstone putti from the 18th century, which probably come from the castle park in Lieberose. A cross to the south of the building commemorates those who died in World War II.
organ
The organ comes from the Sauer company , which built the instrument in 1986. She used parts of the previous instrument made by the Mitteldeutsche Orgelbau A. Voigt in 1908, which had since become unusable. Sauer's Opus 2196 has a manual and nine stops . It was restored and enlarged in 2005 by Markus Roth.
Bells
In the tower hangs a small bronze bell , which is decorated three times with the invocation of Marie help . It was probably cast around 1350. It is complemented by a larger bell that was cast in Lorraine in 1619 .
literature
- Georg Dehio (arr. Gerhard Vinken et al.): Handbook of German Art Monuments - Brandenburg. Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich / Berlin 2012, ISBN 978-3-422-03123-4 .
- Flyer: The church in Zaue. HWD Druckerei Luckau, without date, p. 4.
Web links
Coordinates: 52 ° 2 ′ 26.6 " N , 14 ° 10 ′ 56.6" E