Marian title
Representation of Mary as Immaculata , queen and crushed snake
Mary titles are mainly used in the Roman Catholic Church to refer to Mary, the mother of Jesus . They originated in the popular piety of Marian veneration , are partly traced back to writings of the Church Fathers or Marian apparitions , some are also defined as dogma . Several titles are used in litanies such as the Lauretan Litany or the All Saints Litany . Some churches have patronage that is based on one of the Marian titles.
mother
| title | description | Festival or Remembrance Day | Institutions or churches with this patronage |
|---|---|---|---|
| merciful mother | |||
|
Mother of the Redeemer Mater Redemptoris |
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| Theotokos |
Greek Θεοτόκος theotókos , Latin Dei Genitrix , at least since the emergence of the prayer We flee under your protection and umbrella , O holy Theotokos ( Sub tuum praesidium , 3rd century), mentioned by some church fathers in the 2nd and 3rd centuries and the council widely used by Ephesus (431) |
Solemnity of the Blessed Mother Mary (January 1st) | |
| heavenly mother | Solemnity of the Assumption of Mary (August 15) | ||
|
Mother of Mercy Mater misericordiae |
Invocation in the Marian antiphon Salve Regina | → Basilica of the Mother of Mercy (Maribor) | |
| Mother of divine grace | |||
|
Mother of Divine Love Madre del divino amore |
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| Mother of the church | Origin uncertain; used since the high Middle Ages ; Solemnly confirmed at the Second Vatican Council (cf. Lumen gentium ) | Remembrance day on the Monday after Pentecost (since 2018) | |
| Mother of the creator | |||
|
Mother of Consolation and Mercy , Comforter of the afflicted Consolatrix afflictorum |
→ Maria-Trost-Kirche | ||
|
Mother of God (Mother of God, Mother of God) Mater Dei |
another expression for the term Theotokos (see above) | Solemnity of the Mother of God (January 1st), formerly also the Feast of Motherhood (October 11th) | → Mother of God Church |
| Mother without blemish (spotless mother) | An understanding of the Immaculate Conception and the flawlessness of Mary (see below) was fundamental to the origins ; first statement on this with the church father Ephräm the Syrian . | ||
| Mother of the Great Victory (Our Lady of Victory, Virgin of Victory, Our Lady of the Victorious Rosary) | Rosary Festival | → Maria Victoria Church | |
|
Mother of the good advice Mater boni consilii |
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| Mother of Everlasting Help | Image of grace of Our Lady of Perpetual Help | ||
|
Sorrowful Mother ( Sorrowful Mother, Sorrowful Mother) Mater Dolorosa |
Origin unclear; widespread from the Middle Ages | Memory of the Sorrows of Mary (September 15, Memorial Day) | → Mater Dolorosa: patronage and remembrance day , Mater Dolorosa (disambiguation) , Mater Dolorosa Church |
|
three times wonderful mother Latin Mater ter admirabilis |
Self-designation of Mary in some apparitions (first in 1604 in Ingolstadt ) |
The representation of the Mater ter Admirabilis is a symbol of the Schoenstatt Movement |
Virgin
| title | description | Festival or Remembrance Day | Institutions or churches with this patronage |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Most wise virgin Mater prudentissima |
Invocation in the Litany of Loreto | ||
| venerable virgin, venerable virgin Virgo gloriosa |
Invocation in the Marian antiphons Ave Regina caelorum and Sub tuum praesidium | ||
| faithful virgin | Invocation in the Litany of Loreto | ||
| benevolent virgin | Invocation in the Marian antiphon Salve Regina | ||
| holy virgin above all virgins , holy virgin of virgins | |||
| everlasting virgin | |||
| Virgin of the Poor (by Banneux ) | after the apparitions of Mary in 1933 in the Belgian village of Banneux | Fraternity of Our Lady of the Poor | |
| Virgin of graces | |||
| Virgin of Revelation | |||
| Virgin full of goodness | |||
| wise virgin | |||
| flawless virgin | |||
| immaculate virgin |
queen
| title | description | Festival or Remembrance Day | Institutions or churches with this patronage |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mary Queen | Origin uncertain; since the celebration of the feast of the Queen of Mary (19th century), invocation in the Marian antiphon Salve Regina has spread |
Mary Queen (August 22) | → Maria-Königin-Churches |
| Queen of all saints | |||
|
Queen of the Apostles Regina Apostolorum |
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| Queen of the Confessors | |||
| Queen of the Angels Domina angelorum |
Invocation in the Marian antiphon Ave Regina caelorum | August 2nd | |
| Queen of the Virgins | |||
| Queen of families | |||
| Queen of the Martyrs Regina Martyrum |
Invocation in the Litany of Loreto |
|
|
| Queen of the Patriarchs | |||
| Queen of the Prophets | |||
| Queen of Peace | according to some apparitions (first in Kecskemét in 1939 ); since the inclusion in the Lauretanian litany by Pope Benedict XV. Distributed in 1917 | ||
| Mary Queen of Heaven ( Queen of Heaven ) |
Origin unclear; clearly attested from the High Middle Ages ; Expression especially in art and various prayers (e.g. Ave Regina caelorum , Regina caeli ) | Queen of Mary (Regina) (August 22) | |
| Queen of the Holy Rosary ( Rosary Queen ) |
according to some apparitions, for the first time in 1872 in Valle di Pompei , z. B. 1917 in Fátima | Rosary Festival (October 7th) | → Maria Rosary Queen |
| Queen of May | According to the incipit of the Marian song by Guido Görres : “Maria Maienkönigin, May wants to greet you” (1842) - In Welsh mythology the figure Creiddylad is also referred to as the May queen. | ||
| Queen of Poland | King John II Casimir placed Poland under the protection of Mary on April 1, 1656. The Black Madonna of Czestochowa has been venerated as the "Queen of Poland" ever since. | Churches in Cracow, Milki, Olsztyn and Straduny, see Church of Our Lady, Queen of Poland |
Our Lady
The title Our Lady (ULF) is used very often as a church patronage. The place or country is usually added to the title. Accordingly, it occurs often and the multiple place names cannot all be recorded here. For the location-specific titles and other patronage (such as Our Lady of Würzburg or Notre Dame de Paris ) see the list of Frauenkirchen and Notre Dame .
| title | description | Festival or Remembrance Day | Institutions or churches with this patronage |
|---|---|---|---|
| Our Lady on the Pillar | Goes back to the presumably first apparition of Mary ; According to the report, Mary appeared to the Apostle James standing on a column (in Saragossa around 41). | Our Lady of the Pillar (October 12; non-canonical) | various in Spain and Brazil , u. a. Basílica del Pilar |
| Our Lady of Unity, Mother and Helper of People | |||
| Our Lady of the Locked Garden | The motif of the Hortus conclusus ( closed garden ) stands for the perpetual virginity of Mary. | Hermitage of Our Lady of the Closed Garden , pilgrimage destination in Warfhuizen (Netherlands) | |
| Our Lady of Good Health, also: Our Lady of Vailankanni | Name of the Mother of God based on Marian apparitions in Velankanni in southern India around 1600 | Marian Basilica of Velankanni | |
| Our Lady of Grace | |||
| Our Lady of Knights | Our Lady of Knights (Regina Militiae) (May 17th) | ||
| Our Lady of Tears | |||
|
Our Lady of Good Counsel Mater boni consilii |
Our Lady of Good Advice (April 26th) | Maria, mother of the good advice (Böckstein) | |
| Our Lady on Mount Carmel | Our Lady on Mount Carmel (Scapular Festival) (July 16) | ||
| Our Lady of Salvation | |||
| Our Lady of the Sacred Heart | |||
| Our Lady of the Cross | |||
| Our Lady of Light | |||
| Our Lady with the Arrows | Holy Cross Chapel (Blieskastel) | ||
| Our Lady of the (Most Holy) Rosary | Our Lady of the Rosary ( Feast of the Rosary ) (October 7th) | Igreja de Nossa Senhora do Rosario (Velha Goa) | |
| Our Lady of the Roses | |||
| Our Lady of Sorrows | |||
| Our Lady of Mercy | Our Lady of Mercy (Mercedes, Merciful Mary, Mary of the Redemption of Prisoners) (September 24) | ||
| Our Lady of Perpetual Help | |||
| Our Lady in Jerusalem | Our Lady in Jerusalem (Sacrifice of Mary) ( November 21 ) | ||
| Our Lady of Unity, Mother and Helper of People | |||
| Our Lady of Europe | Sanctuary on the southern tip of Gibraltar , Europa Point , since 1309; The miraculous image of the crowned virgin with the child, distributed in many reproductions | May 5th ( Europe Day ), established by Pope John Paul II. | Shrine of Our Lady of Europe |
Other
| title | description | Festival or Remembrance Day | Institutions or churches with this patronage |
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|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Annunciata | Annunciata ( Annunciation of the Lord , Annunciation) ( March 25 ) | |||||
| Ark of the Covenant (of God) | mostly based on the Bible (as a combination of the verse Rev 11,19 EU with the following chapter Rev 12 EU ) attested by the early church fathers (e.g. Ambrosius , Augustine ) | Our Lady of the Ark of the Covenant | ||||
| Bride of the Holy Spirit | ||||||
| Well of your joy | Self-designation of Our Lady of Guadalupe | |||||
|
ivory tower Turris eburnea |
Invocation in the Litany of Loreto | |||||
| (mighty) advocate (with her son) | Invocation in the Marian antiphons Salve Regina and Sub tuum praesidium | |||||
| golden house domus aurea |
Invocation in the Litany of Loreto | |||||
| Mistress Dominatrix |
Invocation in the Marian antiphons Salve Regina and Sub tuum praesidium | |||||
| Morning star | ||||||
| Health of the sick | ||||||
|
Help of Christians Auxilium Christianorum |
Mary, Help of Christians ( Protective Coat Festival, Auxilium) (May 24th; October 1st in the Eastern Church) | |||||
| high woman | ||||||
| Immaculata | Immaculata ( Immaculate Conception) ( December 8th ) | |||||
| Chalice of the spirit | Precious chalice, venerable chalice, excellent vessel of devotion, exquisite chalice of devotion according to the invocations of the Lauretanian litany Vas spirituale , Vas honorabile , Vas insigne devotionis |
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| Knot loosener | Maria Looser of the Knot is a pilgrimage picture in the Catholic pilgrimage church of St. Peter am Perlach in Augsburg | |||||
| Madonna | ||||||
| Maid of the lord | (cf. Lk 1.38 EU ); Self-designation of Mary | |||||
| Maria Snow | based on a "snow miracle" in the founding legend of the Roman patriarchal basilica of Santa Maria Maggiore | Remembrance day on August 5th | → Maria-Schnee-Kirche | |||
| Sea star (Stella maris) | Invocation in the Marian antiphon Alma redemptoris mater | |||||
| Mediator, mediator of graces | Invocation in the Marian antiphon Sub tuum praesidium | |||||
| new Eva | ||||||
|
Mysterious rose Latin Rosa mystica |
Invocation in the Litany of Loreto | |||||
| Gate of Heaven | Invocation in the Marian antiphons Alma redemptoris mater and Ave Regina caelorum | |||||
| Snake crush | based on the Catholic interpretation of the John Apocalypse ( Rev 12 EU ); Spread z. B. strengthened by the apparitions of Guadalupe (1531) | |||||
|
Seat of Wisdom Latin Sedes sapientiae |
Invocation in the Litany of Loreto | |||||
| Mirror of justice | ||||||
| Tabernacle of Eternal Glory | ||||||
| Temple of the Holy Spirit | ||||||
|
Comforter of the Afflicted ( Consolation of the Afflicted ) Consolatrix afflictorum |
Invocation in the Litany of Loreto | |||||
| (strong) tower of David Turris Davidica |
Invocation in the Litany of Loreto | |||||
| Immaculate Conception (Immaculate Received) | used from the 4th century at the earliest, when the doctrine of the Immaculate Conception of Mary arose; The title itself came into its own through some Marian apparitions (e.g. especially Lourdes 1858 ) | Immaculate Conception (Conception, Immaculata ) ( December 8th ) | ||||
|
Cause of our joy Causa nostrae laetitiae |
Invocation in the Litany of Loreto | |||||
| root | Invocation in the Marian antiphon Ave Regina caelorum | |||||
| Refuge for sinners | → Maria Refuge Church |
See also
literature
- Gottfried Hierzenberger , Otto Nedomansky: Apparitions and messages of the Mother of God Maria. Complete documentation through two millennia. Bechtermünz Verlag, Augsburg 1996, ISBN 3-86047-452-9 .
- Robert Ernst: Lexicon of the Marian apparitions. 5th edition. Ruhland, Altötting 1989.
Individual evidence
- ↑ artedea.com: The coveted May goddess
- ↑ die-tagespost.de: The Black Madonna in Poland , April 25, 2018 , accessed on May 29, 2020.