Dreischeibenhaus

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Dreischeibenhaus
Thyssen skyscraper
Dreischeibenhaus
From Gustaf-Gründgens-Platz in front of the theater
Basic data
Place: Dusseldorf
Construction time : 1957-1960
Status : Completed
Architectural style : International style
Architects : Helmut Hentrich , Hubert Petschnigg , Fritz Eller , Erich Moser, Robert Walter
Use / legal
Usage : office building
Owner : Momeni Projektentwicklung GmbH
Client : Phoenix Rheinrohr AG
Technical specifications
Height : 94 m
Floors : 25th
Usable area : 30,000 m²
Construction: Steel frame construction
Height comparison
Düsseldorf : 4. ( list )
address
Address: Dreischeibenhaus 1

(Until 2013: August-Thyssen-Straße 1)

Post Code: 40211
City: Dusseldorf

The Dreischeibenhaus (also often Dreischeibenhochhaus ) is a 94 meter high office and administration building in the street of the same name (until 2013 August-Thyssen-Straße) on the Hofgarten in Düsseldorf 's Stadtmitte district . During its use by the Thyssen and Thyssen-Krupp groups, it was also called Thyssen-Haus or Thyssen-Hochhaus . It is one of the most important examples of post-war modernism in the international style and is a symbol of the so-called economic miracle . Together with the Düsseldorfer Schauspielhaus , it forms an antithetical ensemble of buildings on Gustaf-Gründgens-Platz .

history

Thyssen House from the Hofgarten
Dreischeibenhaus in the construction phase (1960)
Dreischeibenhaus with new logo after renovation (2016)

1955 in a competition of Phoenix Rheinrohr AG United metallurgical and pipe mills emerged that a was curtain wall clad steel frame whose shape parallel and upright slabs reminded, in 1957 to 1960 by the Düsseldorf architect Helmut Hentrich and Hubert Petschnigg built together with the young architects Fritz Eller , Erich Moser and Robert Walter . At the beginning of the competition, the architects Hentrich and Petschnigg had proposed a “variant of the Pirelli high-rise ”, but then after a trip to the USA, in which Düsseldorf alderman Friedrich Tamms had also participated, they were advised by their American colleagues came to the conclusion that the high-rise office building should be drafted in the form of the solution that was finally implemented. The structural engineer was Kuno Boll . The client was Phoenix-Rheinrohr AG Vereinigte Hütten- und Röhrenwerke with its illustrious general director and model entrepreneur Fritz-Aurel Goergen (until 1957), which set up its headquarters there (takeover by Thyssen AG in 1964 ). This is why the building was initially called 'Prince Aurel's Pyramid'. In 1961, the then ultra-modern data processing system IBM 7070 was installed on the ground floor . Since the merger of Thyssen and Krupp in 1999, part of the headquarters of ThyssenKrupp AG has been housed in the high-rise. In spring 2007, Thyssen announced that it was moving from Düsseldorf and sold the property for an estimated 100 million euros to the RREEF real estate fund subsidiary of Deutsche Bank . The move to the Thyssenkrupp headquarters in Essen took place in June 2010. In June 2011 it was announced that the building had been sold on to Momeni Projektentwicklung GmbH for 72 million euros. The new owner planned to convert the building into a listed building by 2013. Black-Horse-Investment (BGI) of the Schwarz-Schütte family in Düsseldorf, the former owners of Schwarz Pharma , secured the financing behind the buyer .

After the renovation and complete renovation under the direction of the architecture firm HPP Hentrich-Petschnigg und Partner, Düsseldorf, 35,000 square meters of office space was completely given to tenants such as AT Kearney , Allen & Overy , Alltours , Black Horse Investment , Cadman, Collection Business Center, Gleiss Lutz , Jones Lang LaSalle , Latham & Watkins , Roland Berger , as well as at the international law firm Clyde & Co rented. Highlights are the prestigious driveway, a spacious, two-story lobby and roof terraces with panoramic views. The revitalization with a special focus on the facade, building technology and interior fittings was carried out according to green building criteria and is to receive LEED certification in gold standard. On March 12, 2015, the Dreischeibenhaus received the MIPIM Award in the “Best Refurbishment” category. A restaurant called "Phoenix" in the former switchboard on the first floor, the interior of which was designed by Berlin architects Irina Kromayer and Etienne Descloux, opened in December 2015.

The Dreischeibenhaus is one of the most famous and important high-rise buildings in Germany. It is considered the "first sign of a new phase of architecture (...) in which a targeted connection to international developments in the western world was sought." In the immediate vicinity, the millipede (demolished in 2013) and from 1965 to 1969 the one in Düsseldorf Playhouse built, right next door the Kö-Bogen project is currently being implemented.

The architect Helmut Hentrich and his partners have enjoyed worldwide recognition since the construction of the Dreischeibenhaus. Her large office built a total of over 40 high-rises in 13 cities in West Germany and South Africa. Together with the Pirelli high-rise, the Dreischeibenhaus influenced the development of skyscrapers in the United States in the 1960s and 1970s: in favor of three-dimensional effects, an uninterrupted, scale-free unitary form and an abstract ideal, the showing of function and structure was subordinated.

Construction and design

The Dreischeibenhaus owes its name to the division into three rectangular, parallel, offset against each other, only about 8.5 m wide elements, of which the middle with 96 meters and 26 floors is the highest. Due to the width-height ratio of 1:11 over a maximum length of approx. 86 m, the building parts give the appearance of large panes. They take up the office floor plan of 33,700 square meters across their entire width. The associated access corridors are arranged in the "joints" between the panes and optically recede behind the facade . On the one hand, this gives the building its significant appearance, on the other hand, it had to accept losses in functionality. The core of the building with elevators and sanitary facilities is located where the panes meet. This arrangement greatly reduces the traffic area . The free division of the rooms is limited, especially in the protruding end pieces and the top floors of the middle pane. Nevertheless, the system allows the areas to be divided into individual offices in corridors, as well as to be combined into open-plan offices , conference rooms and common rooms. Because of this property, the Dreischeibenhaus was considered a prototype of a new office building architecture.

The house is a skeleton structure with stiff gable panes and an emphatically simple and clear curtain wall made of stainless steel , aluminum and glass . A special feature is that in the case of the Thyssen skyscraper, the client himself was the manufacturer of the steel pipes required for the supporting structure . As a steel-and-glass cube, the building represents the bank and administration buildings that established themselves in the cities of the western world in the period after the Second World War, based on the basic ideas of the architect Ludwig Mies van der Rohe and the Congrès International d'Architecture Moderne .

Steel sculpture Monumento

Monumento , steel sculpture by Eduardo Chillida , 1971
View of the steel sculpture with the grid facade of the three-pane house in the background

For the hundredth anniversary of the Thyssen company, on June 23, 1971, the almost four-meter-high steel sculpture Monumento by the Basque sculptor Eduardo Chillida was erected in the green area on the west side of the Dreischeibenhaus . The object made of COR-TEN steel , which shows the significant rust patina of this material, is a gift from Thyssen to the city of Düsseldorf.

Quotes

  • Helmut Jahn : "It's so interesting and striking, it will never go out of style."
  • Daniel Libeskind : "You already know buildings like this before you visit them."
  • “The exclamation marks of the economic miracle are erected in steel and glass at the southern gate of the Ruhr area.” Süddeutsche Zeitung , August 1, 1958
  • “[A] kind of Manhattan in the countryside (...). A fantastic vision of the future! ” Die Welt , September 20, 1958

Cinematic reproduction

In the film Cloud Atlas (2012), the glass facade of the east side of the Dreischeibenhaus with the main entrance was mounted in a film scene that is supposed to depict San Francisco in the 1970s.

literature

  • Heike Werner: Architecture and History in Germany. Werner, Munich 2006, ISBN 3-9809471-1-4 .
  • Roland Kanz: Architecture Guide Düsseldorf. Berlin 2001, ISBN 3-496-01232-3 .
  • Falk Jaeger: Building in Germany. Stuttgart 1985, ISBN 3-7757-0182-6 .
  • Paul Ernst Wentz: Architecture Guide Düsseldorf. Droste Verlag, Düsseldorf 1975, object no. 13, ISBN 3-7700-0408-6 .

Web links

Commons : Dreischeibenhaus  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ State capital Düsseldorf, Council decision of June 6, 2013, submission 66 / 33/2013
  2. ^ A b Heike Werner, Mathias Wallner: Architecture and history in Germany. Heike Werner Verlag, Munich 2006, p. 142 f.
  3. ↑ Werner Durth : Düsseldorf: Demonstration of modernity . In: Klaus von Beyme u. a. (Ed.): New cities from ruins. German post-war urban development . Prestel-Verlag, Munich 1992, ISBN 3-7913-1164-6 , p. 239 f.
  4. ↑ Entry from July 11, 2012 on Bertal's blog , accessed on October 3, 2012
  5. ↑ Dreischeibenhaus sold for 72 million euros by RP Wirtschaft on June 2, 2011.
  6. ↑ Dreischeibenhaus is rebuilt .  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. RP Economy, June 4, 2011.@1@ 2Template: dead link / local-wirtschaft.rp-online.de  
  7. ↑ Dreischeibenhaus to Schwarz-Schütte ( memento of the original from July 11, 2012 in the web archive archive.today ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / local-wirtschaft.rp-online.de
  8. ↑ alltours moves into new company headquarters in Düsseldorf - press release alltours Flugreisen. Retrieved November 3, 2014 .
  9. ↑ New Business Center in Düsseldorf - Luxury Supplier Collection Business Center opens in Dreischeibenhaus . In: OpenPR.de . ( openpr.de [accessed on October 26, 2016]).
  10. ^ Dusseldorf / Location: Clyde & Co (en). Accessed January 11, 2018 .
  11. ↑ Adriano Sack: How do you turn a new restaurant into a cult bar? Welt Online , December 17, 2015; accessed on January 24, 2016
  12. ^ Werner Durth : German architects. Biographical entanglements 1900–1970 . Deutscher Taschenbuch Verlag, Munich 1992, ISBN 3-423-04579-5 , p. 448
  13. ^ Werner Durth : German architects. Biographical entanglements 1900–1970 . Deutscher Taschenbuch Verlag, Munich 1992, ISBN 3-423-04579-5 , pp. 456 f.
  14. ↑ Marcus Whiffen, Frederick Koeper: American Architecture 1607–1976 (Original title: American Architecture 1607–1976 . MIT Press, Cambridge MA 1981). 2nd revised edition. Verlag ars pro toto, Luzern 2009, ISBN 978-3-9523089-4-3 , p. 402 ( books.google.de )
  15. ↑ Modernized Icon - Modernization Dreischeibenhaus , german-architects.com, March 25, 2015
  16. ^ Adolf Max Vogt , Ulrike Jehle-Schulte Strathaus, Bruno Reichlin: Architecture 1940–1980 . Propylaeen, Frankfurt am Main, 1980, ISBN 3-549-05821-7 , Figure 103, p. 127 and text p. 215
  17. ↑ Werner Müller, Gunther Vogel: DTV Atlas on Building Art , Volume 2 ( Building History from Romanticism to the Present ). 2nd Edition. Deutscher Taschenbuch Verlag, Munich 1981, ISBN 3-423-03021-6 , p. 546 f.
  18. ^ Adolf Max Vogt , Ulrike Jehle-Schulte Strathaus, Bruno Reichlin, p. 38
  19. ↑ Rolf Purpar: art city Dusseldorf. Objects and monuments in the cityscape. 2nd Edition. Grupello Verlag, Düsseldorf 2009, ISBN 3-89978-044-2 , p. 84.
  20. ↑ Arne Lieb: The city in the film: Hollywood is fascinated by Düsseldorf . tonight.de, January 17, 2013; Retrieved January 19, 2013

Coordinates: 51 ° 13 ′ 40 "  N , 6 ° 46 ′ 56"  E