Einbeck-Markoldendorfer Basin
- northern limit
- southern limit
The Einbeck-Markoldendorfer Basin , also Markoldendorfer Mulde or Ilme-Senke , is a burglary basin in the Lower Saxon mountainous region . It is drained by the Leine and Ilme and their tributaries and is located in the Solling foreland in the area of the towns of Dassel and Einbeck .
geography
The basin extends in the shape of an ellipse, which is oriented in the direction northwest - southeast . The name refers to the fact that Markoldendorf is roughly in the northern focal point of the ellipse and Einbeck is its only middle center. The distinctive demarcation of the basin in the south is formed by the Ahlsburg ridge , which merges into the Ellenser Forest in the southwest . To the north, Elfas and Hube form the end. In the west, the frame is formed by the Amtsberge and the Bierberg . In the east the basin ends in front of the mountain saddle around Ahlshausen . In the southeast, the three small elevations Sülbecker Berg, Sülberg and Hundberg, lying in a row along the Leineniederung Salzderhelden, mark the rather inconspicuous transition to the Leinegraben .
Emergence
The entire room with its frame owes its origin to the Saxon clod tectonics . In the edge areas, the basin is shaped like layers.
When large parts of Europe were in the Germanic Basin at the time of the older Mesozoic Era , the solid rock layers initially lay flat horizontally on top of each other, and between two of these layers was a salt layer from the Zechstein period, created by evaporation of the previous sea. When clods broke off due to a tectonic process , this initial state was disturbed . Even with this breaking off, the two rock floes that form the Ahlsburg and the Elfas today, for example, got into a slight incline and pushed the salt surface underneath towards the west. From then on, under the enormous pressure , the salt reacted like a liquid, but did not get any further on the way west because it accumulated on the clod of the Solling . So it could only escape upwards and the overburden broke open. The two clods were now completely tilted and erected on the side of the salt outlet far above the surroundings. In the course of the rest of the earth's history, the salt was first washed away, only remnants remained in the eastern part of the basin and came into human use in the Sülbeck and Salzderhelden salt pans . The erected solid rock then partially collapsed again and was ultimately removed to today's height by erosion .
During these processes, older rocks, which by their own formation lie below, were pushed to the surface. As a result, a mountain range with rocks from the Muschelkalkzeit (Amtsberge, Bierberg, Ellenser Wald) lies to the east in front of the Solling, which was formed during the Red Sandstone Age , while the youngest rock of the Germanic Triassic , Keuper , only appears in places. The basin itself is extensively filled with sediments over lias , whereby the lias rock only emerges in a few places, including Wellersen . Loess was blowing above it in the Pleistocene period and humus had formed as the top layer at the latest when the first settlers began to use linear ceramic . As pollen analyzes showed, the humus was formed from former alluvial forests, which consisted of pine, spruce, alder and birch, among other things. The geological processes are still going on in places, so slow subrosion processes take place near the Leine , in the course of which in the Quaternary the Denkershausen pond was created.
topography
The circumscribed space has only a limited appearance of a typical basin, because the surrounding mountain ranges only protrude up to around 100 m above the basin floor, which is filled with loess and brown earth. In addition, the basin is not completely flat, as there are several smaller hills and plateaus, especially in the northwestern area.
Web links
literature
- Ernst Brunotte: On the Quaternary formation of layer ridges and foot surfaces in the area of the Markoldendorfer basin and its border (Leine-Weser-Bergland) , in: Göttinger Geographische Abhandlungen 72, 1978
Coordinates: 51 ° 49 ' N , 9 ° 47' E