Epbach

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Epbach
View from Waldenburg over the upper Epbach valley to the eastern part of the Hohenlohe plain. In the valley the upper and lower mills of the town with their mill pond.

View from Waldenburg over the upper Epbach valley to the eastern part of the Hohenlohe plain. In the valley the upper and lower mills of the town with their mill pond.

Data
Water code DE : 2386786
location Swabian-Franconian forest mountains

Hohenloher and Haller level

Baden-Württemberg

River system Rhine
Drain over Ohrn  → Kocher  → Neckar  → Rhine  → North Sea
source in the beginning Hangenwald fountain Hölzle , about 200 meters east of Waldenburg -Ziegelhütte
49 ° 10 '41 "  N , 9 ° 38' 49"  O
Source height approx.  465  m above sea level NHN
muzzle approx. 100 m west-southwest of the local Epbach bridge in Öhringen -Cappel from the right into the Ohrn coordinates: 49 ° 11 '54 "  N , 9 ° 31' 44"  E 49 ° 11 '54 "  N , 9 ° 31' 44"  E
Mouth height approx.  229  m above sea level NHN
Height difference approx. 236 m
Bottom slope approx. 14 ‰
length 17.3 km
Catchment area 30.923 km²
Medium-sized cities Öhringen
Small towns Waldenburg , Neuenstein

The Epbach is a brook in the Hohenlohekreis in northern Baden-Württemberg , which flows into the Ohrn from the right in the village of Cappel in the town of Öhringen after about 17 km in a total of approximately westward .

Origin of name

The water body name Epbach is documented between 1037 and 1344 in the spellings Ettebach and Etbach . It is traced back to a developed Middle High German word * Ettenbach , which is a combination of the basic word -bach and the Old High German personal name Atto in the genitive, i.e. * Ettin- , as a defining word. So the name says Bach des Atto . After shortening it by the syllable -en- , the difficult sound combination [ tb ] was initially simplified  to [ pp ] through essentially regressive assimilation - the front sound adapts to the back one - later the basic word -bach was restored.

geography

origin

The Epbach rises at about 465  m above sea level. NHN in the Swabian-Franconian forest mountains on a forest path multiple fork in the beginning of the hillside forest Brunnenhölzle, approx. 200 m east of Waldenburg brick hut. Here, at the upper step edge of the Waldenburg Mountains in the area of ​​a very flat saddle, beyond which the uppermost course of the Beaver turns south not 400 m further in the west-southwest , it has dug a narrow forest gorge oriented north-northeast.

Upper course to the dividing structure

Less than 600 m after the source and about 70 m lower, the Hangbach borders for the first time on the meadows on the eastern slope of the Waldenburger Nordsporn. After running for more than a kilometer, it finally emerges from the forest and passes the Waldenburger Obermühle on the right, after about 1.5 km it flows through the two 1.1 hectares of the Untermühle mill ponds. Only after about 2.7 km does he leave the mountain slope, at the foot of which there are fields, at about 355  m above sea level. NHN completely behind you and now flows quite flat and undisturbed in the Brühl through the Waldenburg-Kupferzeller industrial area, where it runs under the railway line of the Crailsheim – Heilbronn railway ; for a short stretch here it is border water to the community of Kupferzell .

The Epbach now starts to curve slowly to the left and runs under the A 6 , which borders the industrial area in the north. It then flows in a very straight channel, accompanied by an almost woodless strip of green, in an almost westerly direction through farmland between the motorway in the south and the closer part of the Hohebuch domain. After a total of about 5 km and with a catchment area of ​​now about 5 km², it now reaches about 342  m above sea level close to a dirt road . NHN a dividing structure.

Run from the dividing structure to the Kesselbach

When the water level is normal, the dividing structure directs the runoff through an underground pipe going off to the left in a south-westerly direction under the A 6 to the site of the Waldenburg sewage treatment plant near the Fischhaus. In the event of flooding, the excess is passed on in a straight line and then flows into the upper Sall tributary Hirschbach . The brook crosses the site of the sewage treatment plant again openly and then changes back to the south side of the railway line. Then the Bauzenbach flows towards it from the left, which approaches the Waldenburg Mountains through an erosion bay running to the north on the western side of the Waldenburger Nordsporn . Immediately afterwards the Epbach flows into the pond at Waldenburger Rebbichshof and passes over to the city of Neuenstein in the settlement area of ​​the hamlet . In the future, it will essentially move westwards on the southern edge of the Hohenlohe plain before the foot of the Waldenburg mountains to its mouth. For the next three kilometers or so, the brook slowly digs a narrow meadow hollow, faithfully accompanied by the railway line on the right hill. The three small Neuensteiner hamlets of Pfaffenweiler, Hohrain and Obereppach lie one after the other on the right side of the slope. Short side trenches run off several times, which often supplied the drive water to mills. The Kesselbach flows into Untereppach from the left ; On the left slope above the inlet there is a mineral spring in the Unterkeuper.

Run from the Kesselbach to the mouth

A little afterwards it passes the hamlet of Eichhof on the right slope, its valley is spanned by the L 1036 and it enters the soft landscape of the small town and former Neuenstein residence. In its hollow, created here as a park, a right side branch flows on one section to the Schleifsee and then runs back, then on his right is the Neuenstein Castle , which is surrounded in the west and south by the large expanse of water of an artificial pond , through which the Bernbach flows flows in from the right. On the outskirts of Neuenstein, the longest of its tributaries, the 4.5 km long Eschelbach, flows from the left . After the Bernardtsmühle on its course, it passes over to the area of ​​the city of Öhringen . The Weinsbach, its only significant tributary on the right, reaches it in the village of Eckartsweiler . Less than a kilometer further he reaches the local border of Cappel , where the Epbach after a run of 17.3 km at about 229  m above sea level. NHN flows from the right and in a south-easterly direction into the Ohrn , which changes there from north to west.

Catchment area

The Epbach has a catchment area of ​​30.9 km², of which a small strip lies on the northern slope of the lower natural area of ​​the Waldenburg Mountains of the Swabian-Franconian Forest Mountains , while the larger and deeper remainder is part of the neighboring sub- area of ​​the Öhringer Plain of the Hohenlohe and Haller Plains . The highest point is on the eastern edge of the Friedrichsberg spur at a little over 514  m above sea level. NHN .

The Epbach catchment area extends in an east-west direction about three times as far as in a north-south direction. In the north it borders on that of the Hirschbach , which has been near and almost parallel for a long time and flows off over the Sall . In the east, the Kupferzell -Westernacher copper tributary Rinnenbach , which is only about 200 m east of the upper Epbach run in the Waldenburg industrial area, competes . The competitors on the short southeastern part of the watershed are the Beltersroter Bach (zur Kupfer ) and the Goldbach (zur Bibers ). In the south the Bibers themselves, the Michelbach and the Söllbach follow as competitors , in the west the Maßholderbach (the last three to the Ohrn ). All of the aforementioned competing receiving waters ultimately also drain into the digester .

Neuenstein has the largest share of the catchment area , a smaller one east of it Waldenburg , the smallest Öhringen in the west.

Tributaries

Hierarchical list of tributaries and RiverIcon-SmallLake.svglakes from source to mouth. Length of water, lake area, catchment area and altitude according to the corresponding layers on the LUBW online map. Other sources for the information are noted. Mostly without higher inflows

Origin of the Epbach at about 465  m above sea level. NHN on a forest path multiple fork in the beginning of the hillside forest Brunnenhölzle , approx. 200 m east of Waldenburg brick hut.

  • RiverIcon-SmallLake.svg Flows through two mill ponds at the Waldenburger Untermühle, a total of 1.1 ha.
  • (Inflow from the Butzen down), from the left just before the first railway crossing, approx. 0.8 km. Only intermittent water flow.
  • → Branch of the Hirschbach , to the right at the dividing structure at the Gewann Fasanenhof , this drains over the Sall into the Kocher .
  • Bauzenbach , from the left in front of the Rebbigshof, 2.2 km and 1.8 km².
  • RiverIcon-SmallLake.svg Flows through a 0.6 hectare pond directly in front of the Rebbichshof.
  • (Hangbach from Heiligenbrunnen down), from the right, approx. 0.3 km.
  • RiverIcon-SmallLake.svgPasses an elongated pond on the left bank at the foot of Neuenstein- Pfaffenweiler, 0.4 ha.
  • → Exit to the right of the Hohenrain Mühlkanal.
  • ← Return from the right of the Mühlkanal Hohenrain near Neuenstein-Hohrain, 0.3 km.
  • → Exit to the right of the Mühlkanal Obereppach (sic!).
  • ← Return from the right of the Mühlkanal Obereppach near Neuenstein-Obereppach, 0.1 km.
  • (Hangbach), from the right through Obereppach, 0.3 km.
  • → Exit to the right of the Mühlkanal to Untereppach, approx. 0.3 km. Apparently ends blind with no apparent backflow.
  • Kesselbach , from the left in Untereppach at the Epbachbrücke of the K 2356 Neuenstein – Kesselfeld, 2.2 km including the shorter right upper course and 3.0 km with the longer left tributary Schlundbach as upper course and 2.8 km².
  • → Exit of a parallel trench, to the right at the beginning of Neuenstein.
  • ← Return of the parallel trench, from the right, approx. 0.5 km.
    • RiverIcon-SmallLake.svgLast of all flows through the Schleifsee , approx. 0.2 ha.
  • → Branch of the tributary to the Schlosssee, to the right, approx. 0.2 km.
  • RiverIcon-SmallLake.svg Passes the castle lake on the right bank.
  • Bernbach , from the right from the Schlosssee, 1.1 km.
    • RiverIcon-SmallLake.svg Last of all it flows through the castle lake in the castle park, 0.8 ha
  • → Exit parallel doubling in Neuenstein, to the right immediately after the previous one.
  • RiverIcon-SmallLake.svg Flows through a small pond, under 0.1 ha.
  • (Inflow from the pasture field ), from the left, 1.1 km.
  • ← Return of the parallel gill in Neuenstein, from the right to the sports field, 0.5 km.
  • Eschelbach , from the left opposite the Neuensteiner tennis court, 4.5 km together with the longer left upper course Eichholzbach and 5.2 km².
  • (Inflow from a hollow below the Gewann Riedweg ), from the right below the tennis court at the end of Neuenstein, 0.8 km.
  • (Bach from the Haberklinge ), from the right just before Öhringen -Eckartsweiler, 1.3 km.
  • ( Weinsbach ), from the right in Eckartsweiler at the bridge of the Wachweg, 2.7 km and 4.0 km².
  • → (exit of a Mühlkanal to Cappel), to the right a little before Cappel, approx. 0.5 km. Disappears in Cappel in a Verdolung.
  • RiverIcon-SmallLake.svg Passes a pond on the right bank at the entrance to con Cappel, which is also flanked on the other side by the previous one, 0.3 ha.

Mouth of the Epbach a little west of the Öhringen - Cappeler Epbachbrücke from the right into the Ohrn . The Epbach is 17.3 km long and has a 30.9 km² catchment area.

Places and settlement areas on the run

Hohenlohe district

  • City of Waldenburg
    • Obermühle ( hamlet, left )
    • Untermühle ( hamlet, left )
    • At the train station ( industrial area )
  • Kupferzell ( only briefly right neighbor )
  • City of Waldenburg
    • At the train station ( industrial area )
    • Rebbigshof ( hamlet )
  • City of Neuenstein
    • Rebbigshof (hamlet)
    • Hohrain ( hamlet, especially right )
    • Obereppach ( hamlet, right )
    • Untereppach ( hamlet )
    • Eichhof ( hamlet, right )
    • Neuenstein ( city ​​center )
    • Bernhardsmühle ( homestead )
  • City of Öhringen

geology

The course of the Epbach begins at a saddle in the Lower Bunter Mergeln ( Steigerwald Formation ), which connects two plateaus in the silica sandstone ( Hassberge Formation ). On the left in the direction of flow is the Waldenburg core city, on the right the forests on the Friedrichsberg . The Epbach reaches the Gipskeuper ( Grabfeld Formation ) very quickly , recognizable in the terrain by the restless slope. In this it flows, even before it reaches the Obermühle, in a strip of floodplain clay that widens sharply at the foot of the slope in the Waldenburg industrial area. At today's dividing structure, this again very narrow valley filling strip continues in a steady direction to the upper Hirschbach . On the other hand, the normal course of the brook, which is twisted to the left under a field, is again in a broader floodplain loam area near the Bauzenbach inflow from the left, as it reappears after crossing the railway line at the Waldenburg sewage treatment plant. After the Rebbigshof, in the valley basin and soon also on the slopes of the Unterkeuper , the creek runs over the greater part of its length. From Eckartsweiler around, the valley floor is then in the Upper Muschelkalk , the recommencing valley filling widens almost to the mouth in the Ohrn , where a disturbance with downward deep floe is likely to cross the valley.

About 300–400 m southwest of the Neuensteiner Schloss Lettenkeuper-Hauptsandstein in Flutfacies is exposed to the left of the brook in an old Unterkeuper quarry. On the same layer, mining in a dilapidated quarry to the right of the stream went about a kilometer before Eckartsweiler.

Protected areas

The uppermost run to the Waldenburger Untermühle is in the landscape protection area Landschaftsteile in the Waldenburg area , which later briefly extends to the left bank at Rebbigshof. From the Eichhof to almost the Bernhardtsmühle, the brook runs through a central water protection area around Neuenstein, the lowest course from Eckhartsweiler another in Öhringen on its eastern edge.

Individual evidence

LUBW

Official online waterway map with a suitable section and the layers used here: Course and catchment area of ​​the Epbach
General introduction without default settings and layers: State Institute for the Environment Baden-Württemberg (LUBW) ( notes )

  1. ↑ a b c Height according to the contour line image on the background layer topographic map .
  2. ↑ a b Length according to the waterway network layer ( AWGN ) .
  3. ↑ a b Catchment area summed up from the sub-catchment areas according to the basic catchment area layer (AWGN) .
  4. ↑ The contour lines of the TK25 suggest a natural valley continuation to the upper Hirschbach. The geological map of the Swabian-Franconian Forest Nature Park accordingly draws the narrow strip of floodplain zone here straight to the upper Hirschbach. However, the other geological source shows Mapserver of the State Office for Geology, Raw Materials and Mining (LGRB) ( notes ) floodplain sediment strips in both directions, and the wider one towards the further course of the Epbach.
  5. ↑ Height according to black lettering on the background layer topographic map .
  6. ↑ Lake area after the layer standing waters .
  7. ↑ Catchment area according to the basic catchment area layer (AWGN) .
  8. ↑ a b c d e f Length measured on the background layer topographic map .
  9. ↑ Protected areas according to the relevant layers, nature partly according to the biotope layer .

Other evidence

  1. ↑ Etymology according to Albrecht Greule , Deutsches Gewässernamenbuch , De Gruyter 2014, ISBN 9783110190397 , p. 129.
  2. ↑ Drainage at the Epbach dividing structure according to telephone information from the Waldenburg municipal administration in 2011.
  3. ↑ Wolf-Dieter Sick : Geographical land survey: The natural space units on sheet 162 Rothenburg o. D. Deaf. Federal Institute for Regional Studies, Bad Godesberg 1962. →  Online map (PDF; 4.7 MB)
  4. ↑ Geology according to the geological map listed under →  Literature and according to the layers for Geological Map 1: 50,000 on: Map server of the State Office for Geology, Raw Materials and Mining (LGRB) ( notes )
  5. ↑ Geotope description (PDF) in the geotope register of the State Office for Geology, Raw Materials and Mining (LGRB).
  6. ↑ Geotope description (PDF) in the geotope register of the LGRB.

literature

  • Topographic map 1: 25,000 Baden-Württemberg, as single sheet No. 6723 Öhringen, No. 6724 Künzelsau, No. 6823 Pfedelbach and No. 6824 Schwäbisch Hall
  • Geological map of the Swabian-Franconian Forest Nature Park 1: 50,000, published by the State Office for Geology, Raw Materials and Mining Baden-Württemberg, Freiburg i. Br. 2001

Web links