Erich Dittrich

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Erich Dittrich (born October 9, 1904 in Leipzig ; † June 10, 1972 in Bonn-Bad Godesberg ) was a German economist and spatial planner. Erich Dittrich took over the management of the Bad Godesberg Institute for Spatial Research (IfR) in 1951 and led the institute until his retirement in 1969. Dittrich had already come into contact with spatial research / planning during the 'Third Reich', albeit in a less exposed position .

Origin from the Leipzig milieu of spatial research

Dittrich, who grew up in Leipzig , studied economics, law, history and philosophy in his hometown and in Würzburg between 1923 and 1927 . He completed his studies with a degree in economics in Würzburg in 1927. In 1931 Dittrich received his doctorate with a study on " The Franco-German economic negotiations in the post-war period" at the University of Leipzig . From 1931 to 1936 he was an assistant at the Volkswissenschaftliche Seminar and at the Institute for Central and Southeast European Economic Research (affiliated institute of the University of Leipzig). In 1936 Dittrich completed his habilitation and was now a civil servant lecturer in Leipzig. He held exercises and lectures in the main areas of political economy. Dittrich was a leading member of the university study group for spatial research in Leipzig and from 1941 headed the Institute for Central and Southeast European Economic Research. The NSDAP , he decided to join until the 1940th

In the "Third Reich", Dittrich dealt in essays with questions of industrialization, with Central and Southeastern European research and with company history. Other scientists also came from the Leipzig environment within spatial research. Some of them remained connected to spatial research after 1945, such as Karl C. Thalheim , Hans Freyer , Hans-Jürgen Seraphim , Georg Keil , Friedrich Bülow or Hans Linde . From the summer of 1943 Dittrich had to do military service.

Career in Bad Godesberg

In 1945 Dittrich was still working as deputy district administrator in the Bad Neustadt an der Saale district office. In a court case against him, he was classified as a "fellow traveler". A contract for work in the field of refugee research brought him to the newly founded Institute for Spatial Research in 1949, and thus to an institution that continued the spatial research established under National Socialism (from 1935) in the Federal Republic of Germany. Dittrich quickly rose to head of department at the institute. The FDP politician and later Vice Chancellor Franz Blücher had made a decisive contribution to spatial research and supported the establishment of the institute. Franz Blücher remained connected to the new research facility as chairman of the institute (until 1951) and afterwards. The IfR was initially affiliated to the Statistical Office of the United Economic Area , then assigned to the Federal Ministry of the Interior (from April 1950). The institute ran policy advice . Dittrich took over the management of the institute in 1951 from the lawyer Erwin Muermann , who had to resign after a scandal.

Erich Dittrich, whose institute had a competitive relationship with the Hanoverian Academy for Spatial Research and Regional Planning (ARL), was soon considered to be one of the most important protagonists of the spatial planning and spatial planning scene in the Federal Republic of Germany. He positioned himself early on as an advocate of industrial policy, which was not a matter of course within the space planner scene. Many Nazi-influenced spatial planners understood this line at the beginning of the 1950s as the '"depoliticization"' of spatial planning policy.

Dittrich refused to see "spatial planning as a 'remnant of the defeated National Socialism' and evaluated such a designation as a typical criticism of the 1950s." The Bonn economist was one of the driving forces within spatial research that did not detach spatial planning policy from social policy wanted to see. On the other hand, he also took many actors from the “Third Reich” with him on this course, who had understood spatial planning early on as a field of social science, but before 1945 still under National Socialist auspices. Dittrich attempted to realign the social science threads within spatial planning to the requirements of the market economy in the Federal Republic of Germany. For example, by moving away from socio-technical “models” and too rigid planning, participating in international conferences in the rapidly developing discipline of sociology , or by gathering recognized social scientists: Karl C. Thalheim , Hans Freyer , Gerhard Isbary , Elisabeth Pfeil , Ernst Wolfgang Buchholz , Andreas Predöhl and others

Dittrich coined the formula: " As much freedom as possible and only as much planning and order as absolutely necessary ".

The data- saturated "district folder ", a forerunner of the so-called " ongoing spatial observation ", had already been set up by the Reich Office for Spatial Planning during National Socialism ; it was initially continued under this name after 1945 and brought the institute relevant financial income through the sale of the data . But that was not the core business of the IfR. For Dittrich, the IfR should have the task of

"(...) to promote scientific knowledge in the field of spatial research in word, writing and image independently and in cooperation with similar institutions at home and abroad, to make it usable for spatial planning and spatial planning as well as the basics of all questions of spatial research for the To create federal government. This task is to be solved in close cooperation with the states of the Federal Republic, (...)

Together with Gerhard Isenberg , Erich Dittrich decisively shaped the later report of the "Expert Committee on Spatial Planning in the Federal Republic of Germany" (SARO report, 1961), which was of not insignificant importance for the Spatial Planning Act of 1965. On the part of the ARL, Norbert Ley (state planning authority Düsseldorf), Hermann Roloff and Kurt Brüning (in 1956) also participated in the expert committee .

Fonts (selection)

  • An attempt at the systematics of spatial research. The contribution of the expert report on the spatial planning of the Federal Republic of Germany . In: Contributions to spatial research. Festschrift for the 60th birthday of Hans Bobek . Vienna, pp. 47–63.
  • Spatial planning and mission statement . Vienna: Springer 1962. (Series of publications by the Institute for Urban Development, Spatial Planning and Regional Planning at the Technical University of Vienna ; 2)
  • Regional economic policy and improvement of the agricultural structure . With a contribution to the discussion by Fritz Huhle. [Ed. in connection with d. Institute f. Raumforschung, Bad Godesberg] Wiesbaden 1960 (= reports from the work of the working group for the improvement of the agricultural structure in Hesse: special issue; No. 6), 1960.
  • Traffic development, regional planning, spatial planning. [Bad Godesberg]: [Institute f. Raumforschung], 1960 (Deutscher Strasseentag. 1960)
  • Basic lines of the development of spatial research in Germany . In: Otto Stammer ; Karl C. Thalheim: Festgabe for Friedrich Bülow on the 70th birthday. Berlin 1960, pp. 85-103.
  • The idea of ​​order in the landscape and reality : lecture. Bad Godesberg: Self-published by the German Commissioner for Nature Conservation and Landscape Management. In: order of landscape - order of space. Report on the German Nature Conservation Day Bayreuth 1959
  • Basic questions of German spatial planning . Bad Godesberg: IfR 1955
  • Attempt a system of spatial planning . Bad Godesberg: IfR 1953
  • The special report of the Institute for Spatial Research on the ongoing resettlement of displaced persons. In: Institute for space research (ed.): The German refugee problem (special issue of the magazine for space research). Bielefeld: Eilers 1950, pp. 109–110.
  • The entrepreneur. The entrepreneur will be a major problem for a future economic order . In: Volk und Zeit 3 ​​(1948), pp. 95–97.
  • The Institute for Central and Southeast European Economic Research at the University of Leipzig . In: Ostraum reports 1942, pp. 103–111.
  • Urbanization and Industrialization in Southeast Europe. An outline of the problem . In: Leipziger Vierteljahresschrift für Südosteuropa VI (1942), pp. 281–304.
  • Location theory and reality . In: Raumforschung und Raumordnung 6 (1942), pp. 63–67.
  • Theodor and Paul Thorer . In: Life pictures of Saxon business leaders. Sächsische Lebensbilder Volume 3. Leiner, Leipzig 1941, pp. 346–362.
  • The economic relations of the Sudetengau to the Protectorate and the rest of the German Empire. In: Raumforschung und Raumordnung 5 (1941), Issue 10/12, pp. 575-579.
  • Southeast Europe and the Reichsmesse Leipzig . Stuttgart: Kohlhammer 1941 (= publications of the German Economic Society. 8)
  • Sudeten German entrepreneurship . In: Deutsche Zeitschrift für Wirtschaftskunde 4 (1939), pp. 225–247.
  • The German element in the structure of the Sudetenland economy. In: Leipziger Vierteljahresschrift für Südosteuropa I (1937), pp. 54–62.
  • State collapse, state regeneration and the economy: an investigation into the problems of national economic education in Austria and Czechoslovakia . Leipzig: Noske 1937 (= Leipziger Vierteljahresschrift für Südosteuropa. Supplements. 2).
  • Nature and history of financial speculation / RH Mottram . German edition, after the translation by Karl Lerbs obtained from Erich Dittrich. Leipzig: Insel-Verlag 1932.
  • The Franco-German economic negotiations in the post-war period . Berlin u. a .: de Gruyter 1931; zugl .: Leipzig, Diss., 1931 (= Modern Economic Structures. 14).

Honors and honorary positions

  • Johann Josef Ritter von Prechtl Medal of the Vienna University of Technology (1962)
  • Corresponding member of the Austrian Society for the Promotion of State Research and State Planning
  • Member of the Town and Country Planning Association, London
  • Member of the Royal Economic Society , London
  • Member of DASL (since 1959)

literature

  • Academy for spatial research and regional planning (ed.): 50 years of ARL in facts . Hanover: ARL 1996, ISBN 3-888 38-514-8
  • Andreas Kübler / Federal Office for Building and Regional Planning (Ed.): Chronicle of construction and space. History and prehistory of the Federal Office for Building and Regional Planning . Tübingen: Wasmuth Verlag 2007, ISBN 978-3-8030-0667-7
  • Ariane Leendertz: Creating order. German spatial planning in the 20th century . Göttingen: Wallstein Verlag 2008, ISBN 978-3-8353-0269-3
  • Wendelin Strubelt, Detlef Briesen (ed.): Spatial planning after 1945. Continuities and new beginnings in the Federal Republic of Germany . Frankfurt / New York: Campus Verlag 2015, ISBN 978-3-593-503066

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Lemma Erich Dittrich . In: Academy for spatial research and regional planning (ed.): 50 years of ARL in facts . ARL, Hanover 1996, p. 144 .
  2. ↑ Ulrich Heß: Land and spatial research in the time of National Socialism. The Leipzig University Working Groups for Spatial Research (1936-1945 / 46) . In: Comparativ. Leipzig contributions to universal history and comparative social research . Volume 5, Issue 4, 1995, p. 57-69 .
  3. ↑ Hansjörg Gutberger: start-up phase and restart the Institute for Space Research . In: Wendelin Strubelt, Detlef Briesen (ed.): Spatial planning after 1945. Continuities and new beginnings in the Federal Republic of Germany. Campus Verlag, Frankfurt / New York 2015, pp. 93–126.
  4. ↑ Ariane Leendertz: Creating order. German spatial planning in the 20th century . Wallstein Verlag, Göttingen 2008, p. 267 f .
  5. ^ Andreas Kübler: Chronicle of construction and space. History and prehistory of the Federal Office for Building and Regional Planning. Ed .: Federal Office for Building and Regional Planning. Ernst Wasmuth Verlag, Tübingen, Berlin 2007, p. 318 .
  6. ↑ Hansjörg Gutberger: Spatial Development, Population and social integration. Research for spatial planning and spatial planning policy 1930-1950 . Springer VS, Wiesbaden, ISBN 978-3-658-15129-4 , pp. 151-221 .
  7. ↑ cit. according to Andreas Kübler: Chronicle of building and space. History and prehistory of the Federal Office for Building and Regional Planning. Ed .: Federal Office for Building and Regional Planning. Ernst Wasmuth Verlag, Tübingen 2007, p. 320 .
  8. ^ Andreas Kübler: Chronicle of construction and space. History and prehistory of the Federal Office for Building and Regional Planning. Ed .: Federal Office for Building and Regional Planning. Ernst Wasmuth Verlag, Tübingen 2007, p. 319 .
  9. ^ Academy for Spatial Research and Regional Planning (ed.): 50 years of ARL in facts . ARL, Hanover 1996
personal data
SURNAME Dittrich, Erich
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German economist and spatial planner
DATE OF BIRTH October 9, 1904
PLACE OF BIRTH Leipzig
DATE OF DEATH June 10, 1972
Place of death Bonn-Bad Godesberg