FFH area Monte Brione

FFH area Monte Brione IUCN Category IV - Habitat / Species Management Area
North and east side of Monte Brione
location	Monte Brione , Trentino , Italy
WDPA ID	555528542
Natura 2000 ID	IT3120075
FFH area	66 ha
Geographical location	45 ° 53 '  N , 10 ° 53'  E Coordinates: 45 ° 53 '11 "  N , 10 ° 52' 34"  E
Setup date	1992
administration	Parco Fluviale della Sarca

The FFH area Monte Brione is a NATURA 2000 protected area in the Italian province of Trento . The 66-hectare reserve covers the upper part of the north shore of Lake Garda nearby Mount Brione and is located in the municipalities of Arco and Riva del Garda . It is designated as a legally protected biotope by resolution of the regional government of the Autonomous Province of Trento No. 16943 of November 30, 1992 and has been part of the NATURA 2000 network since 1995. It has been managed by the Parco Fluviale della Sarca since 2013 .

meaning

The Monte Brione is particularly important for its species-rich flora, which can be found in a relatively small area, the Brione is about 3 km long and a maximum of 1 km wide. Inspired by Lake Garda sub-Mediterranean climate and the geographical location of the mountain on the southern edge of the Alps are responsible for ensuring that termophile species such as oak , Buxus sempervirens , turpentine pistachio , Spanish broom , Judas tree , Laurus nobilis , Diptam or Nice Spurge here to their meet the northern limit of dispersion. On the other hand, on the Brione there are also representatives from the vegetation levels of the Alps, such as the heart-leaved spherical flower .

Only a third of Monte Brione is covered by forest, which includes holm oaks, European hop beech , manna ash , downy oak and numerous turpentine pistachios. The predominant part is cultural landscape , which is determined by olive groves laid out on terraces . These olive groves, which have existed for a long time, in turn form the habitat for numerous meadow plants .

FFH habitat types

In the FFH area of ​​Monte Brione, the following habitat types worthy of protection are listed on the basis of Annex I of the FFH Directive :

• Stable xerothermophilic formations of Buxus sempervirens on rocky slopes (Berberidion pp)
• Near-natural calcareous dry lawns and their stages of shrubbery ( Festuco-Brometalia ) (* special stands with remarkable orchids)
• Limestone cliffs with crevice vegetation
• Forests with Quercus ilex and Quercus rotundifolia

FFH species

fauna

Birds

For worth protecting fauna includes in particular many bird species, including some that according to the EU - Birds Directive are particularly protected or recognized as critically endangered and found only in a very limited area in the Alps. Some species rest or hibernate only on Monte Brione. The species marked with a (b) breed in the protected area.

According to Annex I of the EU Birds Directive , the following species in the Monte Brione FFH area are under special protection:

• Black kite (b)
• Eagle owl
• Peregrine falcon
• Goat milker (b)

Insects, reptiles and mammals

Among the insects found in the reserve are the following priority species of Community interest

• Russian bear

and the following types of community interest :

• Big oak buck
• Stag beetle

Among mammals and reptiles , of common interest are:

Aesculapian snake Yellow-green wrath snake Great horseshoe bat

Dormouse Wall lizard Pipistrelle

flora

Among the plants, the butcher's broom is listed as particularly worthy of protection in accordance with Annex V of the Habitats Directive .

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  Black kite

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  Goat milker

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  Olive groves on the edge of the FFH area

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  Great horseshoe bat

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  Stinging butcher's broom

Other species found

fauna

Birds

The species marked with a (b) breed in the protected area.

Mountain warbler Blue Bear Fitis Garden warbler

Common redstart (b) Yellow mockers Graycatcher (b) House martin (b)

Nightingale (b) Barn Swallow (b) Velvet warbler Stonechat (b)

Little owl Wheatear Pied flycatcher Kestrel (b)

Turtledove (b) brown owl Wood warbler Turning neck (b)

Hoopoe (b) Scops Owl (b)

Reptiles and mammals

Brown-breasted hedgehog Eurasian squirrel Dormouse

Wood shrew Western green lizard

flora

Almost a third of the approximately 2400 plant species native to Trentino are found on Monte Brione. The orchids are of particular importance . Of the 60 species or subspecies known in Trentino , 25 occur in the FFH area Monte Brione, without taking hybrids into account .

Orchid family

Field quail wheat Monkey orchid Bertolonii-like Ragwurz - subspecies of Bertolonis Ragwurz Bee ragwort

Pale orchid Broad-leaved stendola Fly Ragwort Large spider ragwort

Large two-leaf Helmet orchid Little orchid Carniolan finial - type of finials

Long-leaved forest bird Mosquito-Handelwurz Ploughshare tongues Pyramid dogwort

Purple thing Avian root White forest bird Two-leaved forest hyacinth

Hazards and protective measures

The FFH area Monte Brione is endangered by several anthropogenic factors. The increasing natural shrub cover of the dry limestone lawns due to non-operated grazing or hay cuttings have led to a reduction in this habitat, which is particularly important for orchid plants. It is therefore important that bushes and trees in these areas are regularly pruned every two to three years.

The leisure behavior of visitors is seen as a particular hazard. The proximity to the popular tourist resorts of Riva del Garda, Torbole and Arco as well as the relatively easy access to Monte Brione and the unique location lead to a high number of hikers and mountain bikers in the tourist season, which usually extends from March to October. Road closures, especially for mountain bikers, are ignored and must be hindered by structural measures at access, while hikers can be countered by the corresponding overgrown trees and bushes at the edge of the path. Corresponding deterrent controls by the forest guard of the province of Trento are just as necessary here as in the case of the picking of flowers, especially in spring.

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  Monkey orchid

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  Bee garlic

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  Large spider ragwort

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  White forest bird

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  Pale orchid

literature

• Comunità Alto Garda e Ledro (ed.): Le aree protette nel territorio della comunità Alto Garda e Ledro . Comunità Alto Garda e Ledro, Riva del Garda, undated
• Filippo Prosser: Flora del Monte Brione di Riva del Garda (Provincia di Trento) . In: Accademia degli Agiati (ed.): Atti della Accademia roveretana degli Agiati. B, Classe di scienze matematiche, fisiche e naturali . VIII. Series II. Volume, Accademia degli Agiati, Rovereto 2002 pp. 211-312 PDF
• Sandro Zanghellini, Claudio Torboli, Alessandro Marsilli: Wonderful Monte Brione: Flora and fauna of the Garda Guard , Albatros, Trient 2004.

Web links

Commons : FFH area Monte Brione  - collection of images, videos and audio files

• Aree prottete Monte Brione - NATURA 2000 / ZSC e ZPS in Trentino (Italian)
• Aree prottete Monte Brione - Elenco riserve e biotopi (Italian)
• Parco Fluviale Sarca - Monte Brione (Italian)
• Monte Brione in the database of the European Environment Agency (EEA) (English)

See also

• List of FFH areas in Trentino

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Delibera n ° 16943 del 30/11/1992 proposta da Micheli Walter. In: delibere.provincia.tn.it. Resolutions of the state government of the Autonomous Province of Trento, accessed on June 10, 2020 (Italian). 
2. ↑ Comunità Alto Garda e Ledro (ed.): Le aree protette nel territorio della comunità Alto Garda e Ledro pp. 62–64
3. ^ Monte Brione. In: areeprotette.provincia.tn.it. Autonomous Province of Trento, accessed June 10, 2020 (Italian). 
4. ↑ ^{a b} IT3120075 - Monte Brione. In: natura2000.eea.europa.eu. Natura 2000, accessed on June 9, 2020 (English). 
5. ↑ Sandro Zanghellini, Claudio Torboli, Alessandro Marsilli: Beautiful Monte Brione: Flora and Fauna of the Garda Guard p. 15
6. ^ Misure di conservazione. (PDF) In: areeprotette.provincia.tn.it. Autonomous Province of Trento, accessed June 10, 2020 (Italian).