Federico Sanseverino

Federico Sanseverino (also Federico di Sanseverino or Federigo Sanseverino ; * around 1462 in Naples , † August 7, 1516 in Rome ) was an Italian cardinal of the Roman Church .

Life

Origin and youth

He came from the noble family of the Counts of Calazzo and was the son of Count Roberto di Sanseverino d'Aragona Visconti, general of the papal army, and his second wife Elisabetta da Montefeltro. The cardinals Guglielmo Sanseverino , Antonio Sanseverino , Lucio Sanseverino and Stanislao Sanseverino came from the same family . Federico Sanseverino became a cleric in Milan and an apostolic protonotary . It is reported that he was said to have been a passionate hunter .

Episcopal offices

On November 5, 1481, he became administrator of the Maillezais diocese , a position he held until 1508, but a successor was not appointed until 1511. In 1505 he became the administrator of Novara , which he remained until 1511.

In contrast to his father, who was in the Venetian service, Federico Sanseverino reconciled himself with the Sforza , who ruled Milan at the time, in the person of Duke Ludovico Sforza (called il Moro ).

cardinal

In the consistory of March 9, 1489 , the only one of this pope, Innocent VIII accepted him as a cardinal deacon in the cardinals ' college, but this was not published because Federico Sanseverino was still too young. When the Pope died three years later, this appointment had still not been made public. At the instigation of Cardinal Ascanio Sforza , this was made up for during the Sedis vacancy on July 26, 1492, Federico Sanseverino now received San Teodoro as the title deaconry . He took part in the 1492 conclave , from which Alexander VI. emerged as Pope. In November 1494 he became a legate to King Charles VIII of France in Siena , but soon returned to Rome. This aroused the suspicion of the Pope, who summoned him to the Vatican on December 9, 1494. Cardinal Federico Sanseverino attended the consistory the following day and was arrested with Cardinal Bernardino Lunati to deter the rebels of Ostia. His prison was on the upper floor of the Apostolic Palace . He was released on December 19 and went back as a legate to King Charles of France, whom he accompanied to Rome on December 31 of the same year. On May 27, 1495 he was allowed to accompany the Pope to Orvieto and returned with him to Rome on June 27 of the same year.

Federico Sanseverino was a participant in the first conclave of 1503 , the Pope Pius III. chose. He also took part in the second conclave of 1503 , which took place shortly afterwards , and which Julius II elected Pope. He decided on May 1, 1510 for the titular deaconry Sant'Angelo in Pescheria , where he kept San Teodoro until May 17, 1511 in commendam . He joined the opposition to Julius II, who threatened him in June 1510 imprisonment in Castel Sant'Angelo . Federico Sanseverino signed the document of May 16, 1511, with which at the instigation of Louis XII. France convened a council at Pisa . In October 1510 he and four other cardinals sought refuge in the French camp. Federico Sanseverino went to Milan. In the consistory of October 24, 1511 Julius II threatened him with excommunication if he did not submit to the Pope. Federico Sanseverino did not take part in the Conciliabulum of Pisa , but he remained in opposition to the Pope and was relieved of his cardinal office and all benefits in the consistory of January 30, 1512 .

Federico Sanseverino took part in the Battle of Ravenna on April 11, 1512 , in which the French troop leader Gaston de Foix was killed. King Ludwig XII. of France, Cardinal Sanseverino had intended after Julius II was deposed as governor of the Papal States, but the Pope died shortly afterwards. At the conclave in 1513 Federico Sanseverino was not allowed, as this Pope Leo X chose. Shortly after his election, Sanseverino was arrested in Florence at the behest of the newly elected Pope, who promised forgiveness if he repented. On June 17, 1513, Sanseverino condemned the Conciliabulum as schismatic and submitted to the Pope. This declaration was read out during the Fifth Lateran Council . In a secret consistory, to which he arrived on June 27, 1513, accompanied by Cardinal Bernardino López de Carvajal , Federico Sanseverino read the revocation formulas again and received absolution from the Pope, he was also re-admitted to the College of Cardinals and received his former title deaconry Sant 'Angelo back in Pescheria . As a penance , he was required to fast for a month . Little by little he got back all his previous benefices . From June 1513 he was cardinal protodeacon . In 1514 he again received San Teodoro as a titular diaconate, after Cardinal Matthäus Lang von Wellenburg had been appointed cardinal deacon of Sant'Angelo in Pescheria .

On June 25, 1515, Federico Sanseverino was called before the Pope again, as it appeared that one of his servants had killed a member of the papal guard. He was arrested and imprisoned in Castel Sant'Angelo, but the next day he was able to explain the case to the Pope in the consistory and prove his innocence. In November 1515, the Pope sent him as envoy to King Francis I of France, who was in Parma at the time. The king received him on December 10th of the same year, and the next day he entered the city, followed by the king.

Federico Sanseverino died on August 7, 1516 and was buried in the Church of Santa Maria in Aracoeli . A tomb was not erected for him.

literature

Guillaume Alonge: Sanseverino, Federico. In: Raffaele Romanelli (ed.): Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani (DBI). Volume 90: Salvestrini – Saviozzo da Siena. Istituto della Enciclopedia Italiana, Rome 2017.

Web links

Sanseverino, Federico. In: Salvador Miranda : The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church. ( Florida International University website), accessed January 28, 2020.

Notes and individual references

↑ so after Guillaume Alonge: Sanseverino, Federico. In: Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani (DBI). Volume 90. Rome 2017. Miranda gives at Sanseverino, Federico. In: Salvador Miranda : The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church. ( Florida International University website , English) for the period 1475–1477.
↑ ^a ^b ^c Sanseverino, Federico. In: Salvador Miranda : The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church. ( Florida International University website , English)
↑ Guillaume Alonge: Sanseverino, Federico. In: Raffaele Romanelli (ed.): Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani (DBI). Volume 90: Salvestrini – Saviozzo da Siena. Istituto della Enciclopedia Italiana, Rome 2017.

personal data
SURNAME	Sanseverino, Federico
ALTERNATIVE NAMES	Sanseverino, Federico di; Sanseverino, Federigo
BRIEF DESCRIPTION	Italian cardinal of the Roman Church
DATE OF BIRTH	around 1462 or between 1475 and 1477
PLACE OF BIRTH	Naples
DATE OF DEATH	August 7, 1516
Place of death	Rome

[1] so after Guillaume Alonge: Sanseverino, Federico. In: Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani (DBI). Volume 90. Rome 2017. Miranda gives at Sanseverino, Federico. In: Salvador Miranda : The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church. ( Florida International University website , English) for the period 1475–1477.

[Miranda-2] Sanseverino, Federico. In: Salvador Miranda : The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church. ( Florida International University website , English)

[DBI-3] Guillaume Alonge: Sanseverino, Federico. In: Raffaele Romanelli (ed.): Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani (DBI). Volume 90: Salvestrini – Saviozzo da Siena. Istituto della Enciclopedia Italiana, Rome 2017.