Filipov (Jiříkov)
| Filipov | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|||||
| Basic data | |||||
| State : |
 Czech Republic
|
||||
| Region : | Ústecký kraj | ||||
| District : | Děčín | ||||
| Municipality : | Jiříkov | ||||
| Area : | 64.9975 ha | ||||
| Geographic location : | 50 ° 59 ' N , 14 ° 36' E | ||||
| Height: | 400 m nm | ||||
| Residents : | 447 (March 1, 2001) | ||||
| Postal code : | 407 53 | ||||
| License plate : | U | ||||
| traffic | |||||
| Street: | Neugersdorf - Jiříkov | ||||
| Railway connection: | Bakov nad Jizerou – Ebersbach | ||||
Filipov (German Philippsdorf ) is a district of the city of Jiříkov in the Czech Republic . It is located immediately west of Neugersdorf on the border with Germany and belongs to the Okres Děčín . The village is an important Marian pilgrimage site.
geography
Geographical location
Filipov is located on the left side of the Spree in the far north of the Czech Republic on the border with Upper Lusatia in Saxony . The Schlechteberg (485 m) rises to the north, the Skalka ( Töppelberg , 427 m) to the southwest , and the Vyhlídka ( Butterberg , 453 m) and the Hutungsberg (474 m) with the Bismarck Tower to the south .
Neighboring communities
Neighboring towns are the Ebersbach districts of Spreedorf in the north and Oberland in the north-east, Neugersdorf in the east, Horní Jindřichov and Rumburk in the south, Aloisov and Jánské Údolí in the south-west, Nový Jiříkov in the west and Jiříkov and Loučné in the north-west.
history
Philippsdorf was founded in 1681 on the corridors of the Georgswalde Vorwerkshof. The farm affected by the peasant uprising in the Schluckenauer Zipfel had been divided up the year before by the owner of the Schluckenau manor , Philipp Sigismund von Dietrichstein . In order to accelerate the re-Catholicization in the area, which has been Protestant since 1540, the Catholic settled 50 Catholic families from his South Moravian rule in Nikolsburg in the new village . The settlement along the Schnauder (Šnaudry) brook consisted of 63 houses in 1731. In 1736 it had grown to 68. During the War of the Bavarian Succession , a whole regiment was quartered in Philippsdorf in 1778.
After the abolition of the manors in 1849, the connection of the villages of Neu Georgswalde, Wiesenthal and Philippsdorf to the Alt Georgswalde market was ordered. After the merger in 1850, Philippsdorf formed a part of the market town of Georgswalde in the judicial district of Schluckenau or in the Schluckenau district authority. In 1866 a miraculous healing is said to have taken place in the village through the appearance of Our Lady at the bed of the poor, sick weaver's daughter Magdalena Kade . In 1868 the Borromean Sisters built a monastery with a chapel. In 1884, a Redemptorist monastery was built next to the chapel and with the support of Emperor Franz Joseph I , who donated 1,500 guilders , the pilgrimage church Maria-Hilf-Basilika was built and consecrated in 1886. Philippsdorf was the only place of worship of Mary that was re-established in Bohemia in the 19th century.
In 1892 a customs post was established. In 1897, after a long struggle, Philippsdorf became an independent municipality in the Kingdom of Bohemia . At that time, a large part of the population earned their living in the textile factories of Neugersdorf . Up to 6000 people came to the processions and so in Philippsdorf, which was nicknamed the Bohemian Lourdes , 16 inns and hotels were built. By 1911 the population had grown to 2260, including 50 Czechs.
In 1926 the apparition of Mary by Pope Pius XI. recognized, the church raised to a minor basilica . In 1930 there were 2108 people in the parish. After the Munich Agreement , Philippsdorf was added to the German Reich in 1938 and initially belonged to the Schluckenau district . In 1939 there were 1914 residents in the village's 234 houses. On May 1, 1939, Philippsdorf was reclassified to the Rumburg district . After the end of World War II, Filipov returned to Czechoslovakia and in 1945/1946 the German residents were expelled and Czechs settled. In 1948, the head of the Redemptorist monastery, Father Šimanovský, was arrested and the church closed. In the same year Filipov also lost his independence and was incorporated into Jiříkov . In the subsequent period, further development of the village was also prevented by the fact that it was in a no-building zone due to its proximity to the border. At the beginning of 1961 the Okres Rumburk was dissolved and Filipov came to the Okres Děčín . After the Velvet Revolution, Filipov regained importance as a Catholic place of pilgrimage. A fair is also celebrated every year. In 1991 the place had 459 inhabitants. In 2001 the village consisted of 123 houses in which 447 people lived.
Culture and sights
- Pilgrimage Church of the Helpful Virgin Mary , consecrated on October 11, 1886, was founded in 1926 by Pius XI. raised to the minor basilica . This was preceded by the "apparition of Mary" to Magdalena Kade in 1866.
- Redemptorist Monastery, built in 1884
literature
- Gitta Rummler: Pilgrimage sites in the North Bohemian Netherlands . Netherlands booklets. Publication series of the Federation of the Dutch, Issue 20/1996, Backnang: Dutch publisher Helmut Michel 1996, ISBN 3-923947-23-2
- Kerstin Schneider : Marie's file. A family secret. weissbooks.w, Frankfurt am Main 2008, ISBN 978-3-940888-02-0 .
- Rudolf Sitka: The places of grace of the Sudetenland. Heimatverlag M. Renner, Kempten im Allgäu 1954, pp. 10–21.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Katastrální území Filipov u Jiříkova: podrobné informace. In: Územně identifikační registr ČR. Retrieved November 29, 2014 .
- ↑ Evelin Finger: Maria, help! In: The time . No. 1/2009 . Hamburg December 23, 2008, p. 58 ( online ).
Web links
- Filipov / Philippsdorf - the bohemian Lourdes
- The miracle of Philippsdorf - Basilica minor ( Memento from December 4, 2014 in the Internet Archive )
- Story of Jiříkov and Filipov (Czech)
- "My child, it heals from now on - the place of pilgrimage Philippsdorf is Lourdes in northern Bohemia" A contribution by the church historian Rudolf Grulich