Filipstadit

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Filipstadit
General and classification
other names

IMA 1987-010

chemical formula
  • (Mn 2+ , Mg) 2 (Sb 5+ , Fe 3+ ) O 4
  • Mn 2 (Sb, Fe) O 4
  • (Mn 2+ , Mg) 4 Sb 5+ Fe 3+ O 8
Mineral class
(and possibly department) 		Oxides and hydroxides
System no. to Strunz
and to Dana 		4.BB.05 ( 8th edition : IV / B.05)
07.02.13.01
Crystallographic Data
Crystal system cubic
Crystal class ; symbol cubic hexakisoctahedral; 4 / m  3  2 / m
Space group Fd 3 m (No. 227)Template: room group / 227
Lattice parameters a  = 25.93  Å
Formula units Z  = 216
Physical Properties
Mohs hardness 6 to 6.5 ( VHN 100 = 792–882, average 831)
Density (g / cm 3 ) calculated: 4.9
Cleavage is missing
Break ; Tenacity clamshell; brittle
colour black; gray in incident light with brown or amber-orange to red inner reflections
Line color brown
transparency opaque
shine Metallic luster
Crystal optics
Optical character biaxial

Filipstadit is a very rare mineral from the mineral class of "oxides and hydroxides" with the idealized chemical composition (Mn 2+ , Mg) 2 (Sb 5+ , Fe 3+ ) O 4 . The mineral is thus seen a chemically manganese - antimony - oxide , in which usually a small part of manganese by magnesium and a part of antimony by iron replaced ( substituted ) is.

Filipstadite crystallizes in the cubic crystal system , but has so far only been discovered in the form of tiny, octahedral crystals up to about 200 μm in size and as crusty coatings on Jakobsite and Hausmannite . The mineral is opaque and shows a metallic sheen on the surfaces of the black crystals and aggregates that appear gray in the reflected light microscope . Its line color , however, is brown.

Etymology and history

Aerial view of the Långban mining settlement, Filipstad municipality (1989)

During the analysis of Ingersonite , a new Ca-Mn antimony mineral from the famous Långban mining settlement in the Swedish municipality of Filipstad in 1988 , the first descriptors Pete J. Dunn , Donald R. Peacor, Alan J. Criddle and Chris J. Stanley discovered another previously unknown , opaque mineral. Based on the data from X-ray diffraction and chemical analysis, suggested that the second newly discovered mineral is with the spinels. Dunn, Peacor, Criddle and Stanley named the mineral after the municipality's capital Filipstad , which is about 20 km south of Långban.

The type material (holotype) of the mineral is in the Natural History Museum in London (England) under catalog no. 1986,410: E1177 and 1986,411: E1178 as well as in the National Museum of Natural History in Washington, DC (USA) under the catalog no. 163012A kept.

classification

The current classification of the International Mineralogical Association (IMA) counts the Filipstadite to the spinel supergroup , where together with ahrensite , brunogeierite , qandilite , ringwoodite and ulvöspinell it forms the ulvöspinell subgroup within the oxispinelle.

Already in the outdated, but partly still in use 8th edition of the mineral classification according to Strunz , the Filipstadit belonged to the mineral class of "oxides and hydroxides" and there to the department of "oxides with a metal: oxygen ratio = 3: 4 (spinel type M 3 O 4 and related compounds) ", where together with Hausmannite , Hetaerolite , Hydrohetaerolite , Iwakiite , Morocite , Tegengrenite and Xieit, the" Hausmannite series "with the system no. IV / B.05 .

The 9th edition of Strunz's mineral systematics , which has been valid since 2001 and is used by the IMA, also assigns the Filipstadit to the oxides division with a substance ratio of “metal: oxygen = 3: 4 and comparable”. This is, however, further subdivided according to the relative size of the cations involved , so that the mineral can be found according to its composition in the subsection "With only medium-sized cations", where it can be found together with brunogeierite, cochromite , coulsonite , cuprospinell , chromite , franklinite , gahnite , Galaxite , hercynite , jacobsite , magnesiochromite , magnesiocoulsonite , magnesioferrite , magnetite , manganochromite , nichromite (N), qandilite, spinel , trevorite , ulvöspinell, vuorelainenite and zincochromite the "spinel group" with the system no. 4.BB.05 forms.

The systematics of minerals according to Dana , which is mainly used in the English-speaking world , assigns the Filipstadit to the class of "oxides and hydroxides" and there in the department of "multiple oxides". Here he can be found together with Tegengrenit in the unnamed group 07.02.13 within the sub-section “Multiple oxides (A + B 2+ ) 2 X 4 , spinel group”.

Crystal structure

Filipstadit crystallizes cubically in the space group Fd 3 m (space group no. 227) with the lattice parameter a  = 25.93  Å and 216 formula units per unit cell . Template: room group / 227

Education and Locations

Filipstadit formed in metamorphosed iron-manganese ore bodies . At its type locality Långban, calcite , jacobsite and dignified antimony were found as additional accompanying minerals in addition to the ingersonite, which was also discovered there for the first time .

The only other known site (as of 2018) is the nearby Jakobsberg mine near Nordmark , which also belongs to the Filipstad municipality.

See also

literature

  • Pete J. Dunn, Donald R. Peacor, Allan J. Criddle, Chris J. Stanley: Filipstadite, a new Mn-Fe 3+ -Sb derivative of spinel, from Långban, Sweden . In: American Mineralogist . tape 73 , 1988, pp. 413–419 (English, rruff.info [PDF; 677 kB ; accessed on September 14, 2018]).
  • Richard V. Gaines, H. Catherine W. Skinner, Eugene E. Foord, Brian Mason , Abraham Rosenzweig: Dana's New Mineralogy . 8th edition. John Wiley & Sons, New York (et al.) 1997, ISBN 0-471-19310-0 , pp. 310 .
  • Paola Bonazzi, Laura Chelazzi, Luca Bindi: Superstructure, crystal chemistry, and cation distribution in filipstadite, a Sb 5+ -bearing, spinel-related mineral . In: American Mineralogist . tape 98 , no. 2–3 , 2013, pp. 361–366 , doi : 10.2138 / am.2013.4259 (English, degruyter.com [PDF; 2.6 MB ; accessed on September 14, 2018] accessed via De Gruyter Online).

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b IMA / CNMNC List of Mineral Names; March 2018 (English; PDF 1.65 MB)
  2. ^ Hugo Strunz , Ernest H. Nickel : Strunz Mineralogical Tables. Chemical-structural Mineral Classification System . 9th edition. E. Schweizerbart'sche Verlagbuchhandlung (Nägele and Obermiller), Stuttgart 2001, ISBN 3-510-65188-X , p.  189 (English).
  3. ↑ a b c d e f g h Filipstadite . In: John W. Anthony, Richard A. Bideaux, Kenneth W. Bladh, Monte C. Nichols (Eds.): Handbook of Mineralogy, Mineralogical Society of America . 2001 (English, handbookofmineralogy.org [PDF; 68  kB ; accessed on September 14, 2018]).
  4. ^ A b Paola Bonazzi, Laura Chelazzi, Luca Bindi: Superstructure, crystal chemistry, and cation distribution in filipstadite, a Sb 5+ -bearing, spinel-related mineral . In: American Mineralogist . tape 98 , no. 2–3 , 2013, pp. 361–366 , doi : 10.2138 / am.2013.4259 (English, degruyter.com [PDF; 2.6 MB ; accessed on September 14, 2018] accessed via De Gruyter Online).
  5. ↑ a b Stefan Weiß: The large Lapis mineral directory. All minerals from A - Z and their properties. Status 03/2018 . 7th, completely revised and supplemented edition. Weise, Munich 2018, ISBN 978-3-921656-83-9 .
  6. ↑ Mindat - Filipstadite (English)
  7. ↑ Catalog of Type Mineral Specimens - F. (PDF 73 kB) In: docs.wixstatic.com. Commission on Museums (IMA), December 12, 2018, p. 8 , accessed August 29, 2019 .
  8. ↑ Cristian Biagioni, Marco Pasero: The systematics of the spinel-type minerals: An overview . In: American Mineralogist . tape 99 , no. 7 , 2014, p. 1254–1264 , doi : 10.2138 / am.2014.4816 (English, preliminary version online [PDF]).
  9. ↑ Find location list for Filipstadit at the Mineralienatlas and at Mindat