Fyodor Ivanovich Tjuttschew

Fyodor Ivanovich Tjuttschew. Lithograph by VA Brockhaus, 1874

Tyuttschew memorial plaque in Munich

Fyodor Tyutchev ( Russian Фёдор Иванович Тютчев , scientific. Transliteration Fedor Ivanovich Tjutcev even inaccurate Tjutschew ; born November 23 ^{. Jul} / 5. December 1803 ^greg. In Owstug in Oryol Governorate , today Oblast Bryansk , † July 15 ^jul. / July 27, 1873 ^greg. In Tsarskoye Selo ) was a Russian poet and diplomat.

Life

Tyuttschew grew up on the family estate Owstug and was taught at home under the guidance of the scholar Semjon Raitsch (1792–1855). At the age of twelve he translated the Odes of Horace .

He studied in Moscow , got a position at the Foreign Ministry in Saint Petersburg in 1822, then spent a long time at the Russian embassy in Munich , where he made the acquaintance of Schelling and Heine and fell in love with Amalie von Lerchenfeld . From the end of 1837 to mid-1838, Tyuttschew worked as the Russian envoy in Turin . His first wife, Eleonore Countess von Bothmer, whom he married in 1826, died in 1838. He had three daughters with her, the eldest daughter Anna married the writer Iwan Sergejewitsch Aksakow . In 1839 Tjuttschew married Ernestine von Pfeffel, the great niece of the Alsatian writer Gottlieb Konrad Pfeffel .

Tyuttschew, who was appointed chamberlain in 1835 , was attached to the person of the Reich Chancellor in 1844 and in 1857 was given the presidency of the Committee for Foreign Censorship in Petersburg. He held this position until his death. He died in Tsarskoye Selo in 1873 and was buried in the Novodevichy Cemetery in St. Petersburg.

His poems, which were collected in Petersburg in 1868, are characterized by depth of thought, warmth of feeling and perfection of form; a selection of these has been translated into German by Heinrich Noë (Munich 1861), Christoph Ferber, Ludolf Müller (2003, annotated) and others. Tyuttschew has also made a name for himself as a translator of German poets such as Heinrich Heine, Johann Wolfgang von Goethe , Friedrich Schiller and others.

Tyuttschew became famous for a bon mot that describes the national character of the Russian people very well. In 1866, Tjuttschew said: “ You cannot understand Russia, and you cannot measure it with reason. It has its own face. One can only believe in the country. "

Honors

On May 4, 1999, an asteroid was named after him: (9927) Tyutchev . For his 200th birthday in December 2003, a bronze monument to Tjuttschew was unveiled by the Bavarian Prime Minister Edmund Stoiber and the Russian Foreign Minister Igor Ivanov in Munich's Poets' Garden . In 2003, Russia issued a 2 ruble silver portrait coin to mark the 200th anniversary of its birth. He is also the namesake for the Tyuttschew Nunatakker in Antarctica.

reception

The Russian religious philosopher Nikolai Berdjajew resorted to tyuttchev's poems to illustrate his prophecy of the New Middle Ages , according to which the spiritual principles of the modern age are exhausted.

Web links

Commons : Fyodor Ivanovich Tjuttschew - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Remarks

↑ Nikolaus Berdjajew: Das neue Mittelalter , Darmstadt 1927, pp. 14-16.

predecessor	Office	successor
Grigory Ivanovich Gagarin	Russian chargé d'affaires in Bavaria July 28, 1836 to Aug. 22, 1836	Dmitiri Petrovich Severin
Alexander Obreskow	Russian envoy to Sardinia-Piedmont 1838 to 1839	Nikolai Alexandrovich Kokoschkin

personal data
SURNAME	Tyuttschew, Fyodor Ivanovich
ALTERNATIVE NAMES	Тютчев, Фёдор Иванович (Cyrillic); Tjutčev, Fëdor Ivanovič (scientific transliteration); Tjutschew, Fyodor Ivanovich (imprecise, alternative transcription)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION	Russian poet and diplomat
DATE OF BIRTH	December 5, 1803
PLACE OF BIRTH	Owstug, Oryol Governorate
DATE OF DEATH	July 27, 1873
Place of death	Tsarskoye Selo

[1] Nikolaus Berdjajew: Das neue Mittelalter , Darmstadt 1927, pp. 14-16.