Free Scientific Association

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The Free Scientific Associations were associations of Jewish and non-Jewish students at the Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität zu Berlin and other German universities.

history

The Berlin movement and the anti-Semite petition led to the formation of student associations with the express exclusion of Jewish fellow students , such as the Academic-Legal Association in Berlin . Heinrich von Treitschke and Adolf Stöcker opposed the “overgrown” Judaism in Germany. Adolf Lasson warned against anti-Semitic activity on the part of the students. “At all universities it was suddenly over with the calm and compatibility. The sense of community among the academic youth was blown. ” The Notabeln Declaration turned against this development .

The student fight against anti-Semitism began at the Georg-August-Universität Göttingen with calls from Ludwig Quidde . In December 1880, a “committee to combat anti-Semitic agitation among students” was formed in Berlin. It was managed by stud. iur. Oscar Schubert , a later co-founder of the FWV. At the Kommers at the tenth anniversary of the foundation of the German Empire , the rector August Wilhelm von Hofmann warned of discord. Theodor Mommsen praised Rudolf of Austria-Hungary for his statements against anti-Semitism. At the end of the meeting there were violent acts and duel demands between Jewish students and members of the Association of German Students . Diederich Hahn was one of the “brilliant speakers” of the national camp . Treitschke, Adolph Wagner and Ernst Curtius were honorary members of the VdSt.

Outraged by the agitation of the VdSt, four graduates of the Friedrichswerder high school decided to counter-agitation. “Unity should be set against discord, the sense of community of the academic youth that previously existed in spite of the liaison system should be reawakened and consolidated, and what unified them - scientific striving and the peculiar student sociability - should be brought to the fore. The fight against anti-Semitism should not be the main purpose, but the result of unity. ” The name“ Free Scientific Association ”was derived from stud. med. Hugo Stadthagen proposed. The simple signature of the Articles of Association was sufficient for acceptance. Against the resistance of the VdSt and the police, the (camouflaged) founding meeting took place on June 23, 1881.

At the request of the rector (von Hofmann), the committee dissolved in February 1881. And since religion and politics should not play a role in the FWV, the rector and the university judge approved the founding of the association. The almost 200 members gave their association a rather loose rather than corporate structure. They determined Monday to be a permanent club evening and first chose black – blue – silver, then blue – red – white / silver as the color . The color song was "What we boldly dare to do, all are willing" . A declaration of sympathy was made for the German students at Karl Ferdinand University who were persecuted and abused by chauvinist Czech students . In the same semester, the FWV joined the newly founded German School Association .

FWV members included Jakob van Hoddis , Kurt Hiller , Ernst Bresslau , the geologist Heinrich Adolf von Eck , Walter König (physicist) , Otto Neumann-Hofer , Georg Ellinger , Georg Heinitz (father of Ernst Heinitz ), Otto Morgenstern and Wilhelm Flow . Mommsen and Rudolf Virchow had been honorary members since 1887.

In the 1920s, the pub was in the Hotel Atlas at Friedrichstraße 105.

The fact that the Berlin Free Scientific Association dissolved in July 1933 is seen as the beginning of the end of Judaism in Germany.

“For the minority, tolerance is a vital necessity, for the majority, a commitment. In real life, however, necessity is more compelling than confession, and loyalty is less common than self-defense. That is why the faithful deserve the highest honors. Understanding and recognizing this is a good German way and is well understood in the FWV. "

- Richard Jutrosinski (1931)

Other FWV locations

A FWV was also established in Breslau in 1881 . The first FWV existed in Leipzig in 1882, the second in 1890/91 and the third (with Walter Hasenclever as President) from 1911 to 1913. The FWV Heidelberg was jointly founded in the summer of 1892 by Christians and Jews. The FWV founded on May 27, 1921 at the Nuremberg Commercial College did not belong to the FWV Federation and never had a non-Christian member. A politically and socially equal FWV existed in Hamburg .

literature

  • Manfred Voigts (ed.): Free Scientific Association. A Berlin anti-anti-Semitic student organization introduces itself - 1908 and 1931 . Universitätsverlag Potsdam 2008. ISBN 978-3-940793-30-0 . Online version

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. a b c d e f Richard Jutrosinski: The emergence of the Free Scientific Association , in: Manfred Voigts (2008), pp. 109–115.
  2. ^ Heinrich Adolf von Eck (NDB)
  3. Otto Neumann-Hofer (Federal Archives)
  4. Otto Morgenstern (Teltow – Zehlendorf church district) ( Memento of the original from October 23, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / de3.kirchenkreis-teltow-zehlendorf.de
  5. ^ Ernst Hans Eberhard : Handbook of the student liaison system. Leipzig, 1924/25, p. 18.
  6. Saturday, July 8, 1933. The beginning of the end of German Judaism (Jewish Museum) ( Memento of the original from October 24, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.jmberlin.de