Friedrich August von Herzberg

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Friedrich August von Herzberg (born March 26, 1779 in Halle ; † July 5, 1838 in Braunschweig ) was a lieutenant general and city commander of the garrison town of Braunschweig .

Military career

On June 30, 1790, von Herzberg joined the infantry regiment von Raumer No. 36 as an ensign . From 1794 he served in the Royal Prussian Infantry Regiment of Puttkammer, where he was promoted to Junker . On February 27, 1795 he was promoted to secondary lieutenant and on February 5, 1805, he was deployed as a premier lieutenant in the 3rd  Musketeer Battalion. In October 1806 he was taken prisoner of war near Brandenburg. On April 24, 1809, von Herzberg received permission to change to a foreign service and, as captain, took his leave of the Prussian army in order to change to the Braunschweigische Freikorps ( Black Group ) in this position . This had been rebuilt by Friedrich Wilhelm von Braunschweig-Oels (known from as "Black Duke"). Von Herzberg initially commanded the 3rd (free) Jäger Battalion since July 22, 1809, was promoted to major two days later , and on August 10 was commander of the 2nd battalion. He fought in the years 1810 to 1814 under Lieutenant General Lord Arthur Wellington as a major in the Anglo-Braunschweig Regiment on the Iberian Peninsula .

In the spring of 1812, Herzberg was appointed commander of the infantry regiment and on May 28th he was appointed lieutenant colonel. On August 2, 1813, he was wounded at Echalar ( Navarre ) and on December 19, 1814 was appointed Colonel à la suite . At the same time the regiment was disbanded. He was director of the War College from January 1, 1815, before being assigned to Lord Wellington's staff on April 16 that year. Von Herzberg served this as an attaché in the battle of Waterloo and as a commander led the troop corps as far as Paris.

From June 19 to August 5, 1815, Herzberg briefly took over command of the entire Braunschweig Corps from Johann Elias Olfermann , was promoted to major general in the same year , and had been Vice President of the Military Administration Commission from 1816 . In 1822 he became deputy commander in Braunschweig and on December 1, 1823 commander of the troop corps. Von Herzberg was appointed Lieutenant General on November 2, 1828 (from October 30, 1829, with the designation of Excellenz ) and on October 21, 1830, he became City Commander of Braunschweig. He gained notoriety because he refused to allow the attackers to be shot during the uprising of the Braunschweig population and the storming of the castle . On December 18, 1835, von Herzberg retired and died on July 5, 1838.

Awards
For his bravery in the campaigns in Spain he was awarded the Cross of Merit with three ribbons by the British military. In particular for his special achievements in the battles of Salamanca , Vitoria , in the Pyrenees, on the Nivelle and at Orthez . For the Battle of Salamanca he also received the "gold medal of merit" and was awarded on January 2, 1815 as the Knight Grand Cross of the British Order of the Bath .

literature

Web links

  • Daniel Weßelhöft: The revolution that couldn't be. - The expulsion of Charles II from Braunschweig in 1830. ( brunswiek-historica.de PDF; 108 kB - Herzberg's commitment to the popular uprising in 1830)
  • City chronicle Braunschweig: Entries for the period from 1820 to 1839 September 1 and 7, 1830. ( braunschweig.de )

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Roger Reckewell: Herzberg, Friedrich August von. In: Horst-Rüdiger Jarck , Günter Scheel (ed.): Braunschweigisches Biographisches Lexikon - 19th and 20th centuries . Hahnsche Buchhandlung, Hannover 1996, ISBN 3-7752-5838-8 , p. 268 f .
  2. ↑ a b c d Kortzfleisch: v. Herzberg, Friedr. August. In: The Black Corps 1809 and the Anglo-Braunschweig Infantry Regiment until 1814. P. 343.
  3. ↑ a b Otto Könnecke, Paul Zimmermann: Friedrich August von Herzberg. In: Braunschweig from 1806 to 1815. p. 110.
  4. ^ William Arthur Shaw: The Knights of England. Volume 1, Sherratt and Hughes, London 1906, p. 226.
personal data
SURNAME Herzberg, Friedrich August von
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Herzberg, August von
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Braunschweig lieutenant general
DATE OF BIRTH March 26, 1776 or March 26, 1779
PLACE OF BIRTH Hall
DATE OF DEATH July 5, 1838
Place of death Braunschweig