Garryaceae

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Garryaceae
Japanese aukube (Aucuba japonica cv. 'Variegata')

Japanese aukube ( Aucuba japonica cv. 'Variegata')

Systematics
Eudicotyledons
Nuclear eudicotyledons
Asterids
Euasterids I
Order : Garryales
Family : Garryaceae
Scientific name
Garryaceae
Lindl.

The Garryaceae are a family in the order of the Garryales within the flowering plants (Magnoliopsida). It has a disjoint area in the New World and in Asia.

description

Japanese aukube ( Aucuba japonica ): Green shape with fruits
Deciduous leaves and budding inflorescences of Garrya elliptica

They are evergreen woody plants: shrubs or trees . The branches are often four-winged at the beginning, later square. The opposite leaves are stalked, leathery and simple. The leaf margins are usually smooth. The stomata are paracytic. Stipules are missing.

They form kitten-like inflorescences . They are dioecious separate sexes ( diocesan ). The flowers are surrounded by bracts. The radial symmetry , small flowers are four-fold. The bracts are reduced or absent. When bracts are present there are two or four in female flowers and four in male flowers; they are free or grown together basal. The male flowers contain four stamens . In the female flowers are two three to rarely carpels to under permanent ovary grown. There is only one ovule per carpel .

They form berries that contain only one or rarely two seeds. The embryo is short.

ingredients

A typical chemosystematic feature of the Garryaceae is the occurrence of petroselinic acid as the main fatty acid in both genera.

Systematics and distribution

The Garryaceae family was named by John Lindley in Edwards's Botanical Register , 20, ad t. Established in 1686 with Garrya as the type genus. A synonym for Garryaceae Lindl. is Aucubaceae J.Agardh .

They have a disjoint area : on the one hand the Garrya from the western USA via Central America to the Caribbean ; on the other hand, the Aucuba in the Asian region from Sikkim via China to Japan .

The Garryaceae family includes the following two genera with around 17 species :

  • Aukuben , or golden orange ( Aucuba Thunb. ): The three to ten species are common in East Asia.
  • Garrya Douglas ex Lindl. , sometimes called cup kittens: The approximately 13 species are distributed from the western USA via Central America to the Caribbean islands.

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Individual evidence

  1. Mark W. Chase, James L. Reveal: A phylogenetic classification of the land plants to accompany APG III. In: Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society. Volume 161, No. 2, 2009, pp. 122–127, DOI: 10.1111 / j.1095-8339.2009.01002.x ( PDF file ( memento of the original from March 19, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. ). @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.efn.uncor.edu
  2. ^ R. Kleiman, G. Spencer: Search for new industrial oils: XVI. Umbelliflorae - seed oils rich in petroselinic acid. In: Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society . Volume 29, No. 1, 1982, pp. 29-38 (here: p. 59), DOI: 10.1007 / BF02670064 .

Web links

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