Sachsenberg works
The company founded in 1844 as Gebrüder Sachsenberg (since 1908 Gebrüder Sachsenberg AG ) was a mechanical engineering and later shipbuilding company that had a decisive influence on the industrialization of the city of Roßlau . In 1945, after the GDR had been completely dismantled and founded, the company was renamed VEB Elbe-Werk and VEB Roßlauer Schiffswerft and in 1994 the company was renamed to RSW Roßlauer Schiffswerft GmbH & Co. KG . The RSW Roßlauer shipyard is now part of the Heinrich Rönner Group .
history
Beginning (1844)
In 1844 the brothers Gottfried, Friedrich and Wilhelm Sachsenberg expanded their father's forge by purchasing a piece of land on Hauptstrasse (later: Elbe-Werk ) and in 1851 founded the Sachsenberg iron foundry and machine factory. The main product lines were steam engines , brick presses , and stills . The company was so successful that the entrepreneurs were among the highest taxed manufacturers in the Duchy of Anhalt. Wilhelm Sachsenberg (1822–1875) and Gotthard Sachsenberg (1849–1914), Gottfried's son, were elected to the state parliament of the Duchy of Anhalt in the curia of the most taxed traders .
Founding of a shipyard (1866)
In 1866 the Sachsenberg brothers expanded their company by founding a shipyard on the Elbe (today Roßlauer Schiffswerft ), in which ship repairs were initially carried out. In 1869, the first self-built paddle steamer Hermann left the shipyard, which subsequently made a name for itself by building what was then still quite new steel ships (instead of the wooden ships that had been in use until then). In addition, there were special ships such as the construction of floating dredgers (from 1876), tankers , fishing vessels and seagoing vessels.
Branches in Cologne-Deutz and Stettin (1900, 1918)
A particular specialty were chain tugs for the Elbe, which proved their worth. As a result, chain tugs were also built for the Saale and the Main. This led to the opening of a branch in Cologne-Deutz in 1900. Now the customer base increased across the Rhine to Lake Constance and in 1900 the shipbuilding company of the Sachsenberg Brothers was the largest inland shipyard in Europe.
By taking over the former shipyard of G. Koch in Stettin (1918), the Sachsenberg brothers expanded further and in 1922 employed around 1,700 people. In 1934 Gotthard Sachsenberg took over the management of the company, and in 1939 the management authority was withdrawn because Sachsenberg refused to switch to war production. He became a member of the supervisory board of the stock corporation.
Land- und See-Leichtbau GmbH founded (1936)
In 1936, Gebr. Sachsenberg AG founded Land und See Leichtbau GmbH in Berlin with plants in Kiel , which also employed concentration camp prisoners as forced laborers by order of Nazi authorities during World War II , and at Neumünster Air Base , where Leichtbau GmbH is now Holstenhalle operated an aircraft repair yard.
Branch in Hamburg-Harburg (1940)
In 1940 a branch was opened on the site of the former castle shipyard in Hamburg-Harburg . The world's first functional hydrofoil boats were developed, designed and built here and in the main Roßlau factory .
The construction of the port of Roßlau also goes back to the activities of the Sachsenberg brothers.
Expropriation, dismantling and name change (1945–1989)
The expropriation of the founding family by the Soviet occupying power in 1945 was followed by the renaming of VEB Elbe-Werk and VEB Roßlauer Schiffswerft after the GDR was completely dismantled and founded . Around 100 million DM in the form of motor freighters and loggers were delivered to the USSR as reparations . The side slipway was renewed and extended, a new large shipbuilding hall was inaugurated in 1952 and by 1952 the workforce had increased to over 2,000. At that time, in the immediate vicinity of the shipyard, a large complex was built for the shipbuilding training of young people, which included the company vocational school " Josef Ressel ", training workshop, dormitory, dining and culture hall and sports field. The apprenticeship was carried out to become a shipbuilder, lathe operator, welder or technical draftsman (especially girls). After successfully completing the 2.5-year apprenticeship training in theory and practice, school leavers from the POS received a certificate of qualification for a technical college .
The Roßlauer Schiffswerft was considered one of the most important, most powerful and export-oriented inland shipyards in the GDR . A diverse shipbuilding program up until the early 1980s is evidence of this. In the years 1948 to 1952 six fishing vessels of the type " Seine " were built for the then USSR; almost at the same time - from 1949 to 1954 - around 50 loggers of the type "RL-201" were built for the fishing fleets of the GDR and USSR. Over the longer period from 1951 to 1968, 71 inland motor goods ships (Mogü, standard: Groß- Plauer Maß ) were built for VEB Deutsche Binnenreederei , the USSR and the FRG, between 1959 and 1960 at the same time 14 inland tankers (five for the GDR and nine for the FRG). From 1952 to 1965 the shipyard specialized in the construction of 25 sea bucket chain excavators (Type I "Warnemünde" to Type IV "Saßnitz"), 21 of which were intended for export. From 1960 to 1965 there were also 13 sea bucket chain excavators of the “Neva-3” series for the USSR. Due to their size, the sea excavators had to be moved down the Elbe via Hamburg and through the Kiel Canal to the Neptun shipyard in Rostock for final assembly . This was followed from 1965 to 1973 by 20 rear catching cutters from the "Hannoun" series (type HT 200) and "Noe" (type HX 301) for Tunisia , six rear catching cutters from the "Diamant" series (type HD 560/561) for Denmark , six rear catching cutters from "Stralsund" series (type HZ 400) for the fishing cooperatives (FGS) Stralsund and Wismar as well as 20 rear catching cutters of the "Chiffa I" series (type HT 250 SK) for Algeria .
The construction of hydrofoils was a specialty of this shipyard. In 1962 two of these boats drove on the Warnow between Rostock and Warnemünde. The development of push boats with push barges and small trawlers with rear catchers were also among the innovative achievements of this inland shipyard. From 1961 to 1964, four were delivered to the White Fleet in Dresden for passenger ship transport . From 1970 the company traded under the name VEB Elbewerften Boizenburg / Roßlau, Werk Roßlau . At this point in time (1969 to 1977) 11 coasters of the "Abba" series (Roßlau type) and 15 Kümos of the "Joa" series (Europe type) were built for Norway . From 1977 22 container ships and Kümos of the series "Bachtemir" (type CBK) for inland and coastal shipping in the USSR were developed, constructed and delivered, by 1989 there were around 65 units. This was followed by small refrigerated ships and coasters. Noteworthy newbuildings (one-offs) from GDR times for export are: icebreaker "Puma" for VR Poland (1955), sea bucket chain excavator type 400 for Romania (1957), inland motor cargo ship type "Gustav Koenigs" for the FRG (1957), cutter “Muondoa Tabu” for Zanzibar (1966), cutter “Matsaya Vigyani” for India (1969), in the same year the cutter “Shika” for Great Britain .
Roßlauer Schiffswerft GmbH, from shipbuilding to steel construction (1989 – today)
From 1990 to 1993 the Roßlauer Schiffswerft GmbH was under the administration of the Treuhandanstalt . In 1994 the name was changed to RSW Roßlauer Schiffswerft GmbH & Co. KG .
For economic reasons, the company was realigned to steel building construction and steel construction with mechanical engineering elements. In addition to vendor parts for shipbuilding, e.g. Since then, the company has been producing light and heavy steel structures, such as elevator shafts for passenger ships, stabilizer systems and crane jibs. RSW has also been building steel bridges since 1997, such as the middle section of the superstructure of the Vockerode Elbe bridge .
RSW Roßlauer Schiffswerft currently has 221 employees, 25 of whom are trainees. Today it is part of the Heinrich Rönner Group.
Shipbuilding and Shipping Museum Roßlau
Today the Roßlau Shipbuilding and Shipping Museum is located on the site of the Roßlau shipyard . This conveys the history of the shipbuilding tradition in Roßlau and the history of shipping on the Elbe. Models, drawings, photos and visual aids from practice are shown on around 300 m² of exhibition space.
The museum is open every Tuesday from 10 a.m. to 12 p.m. and 2 p.m. to 6 p.m. and on the third Sunday of the month from 2 p.m. to 5 p.m.
literature
- Chronicle of the city of Rosslau. Magdeburg 1930 (reprint: Micado-Verlag Köthen 1996, ISBN 3-931891-03-8 ).
- Ines Hildebrand: Sachsenberg. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 22, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 2005, ISBN 3-428-11203-2 , p. 338 f. ( Digitized version ). (Here is more literature on the family and the company)
- J. Schmidt, R. Schneider: Rosslau. Anhaltische Verlagsgesellschaft, 1994, ISBN 3-910192-26-2 .
- R. Schönknecht, A. Gewiese: Inland shipping between Elbe and Oder. Hamburg 1996.
- Werner Hinsch, Klaus J. Sachsenberg: Hydrofoils of the Schertel-Sachsenberg system: a German development. (Writings of the Association for the Promotion of the Lauenburg Elbe Shipping Museum; Volume 5). Verlag Elbe-Spree-Verlag, Hamburg 2007, ISBN 978-3-931129-31-6 .
- Manfred Neumann and Dietrich Strobel with 152 true-to-scale ship drawings by Günter Dame: From cutter to container ship. Ships from GDR shipyards in text and images . 1st edition Berlin: VEB Verlag Technik 1981 (with numerous references and glossary).
Web links
- Gotthard Sachsenberg's biography in the database of Reichstag members of the Bavarian State Library , accessed on April 18, 2009.
- Short biography of Gotthard Sachsenberg in the files of the Reich Chancellery , accessed on February 14, 2009.
- Homepage of today's Roßlauer Schiffswerft, the successor company of Sachsenberg-Werke , accessed on September 16, 2011.
- Early documents and newspaper articles on Sachsenberg works in the 20th century press kit of the ZBW - Leibniz Information Center for Economics .
- The company tradition of the "Gebr. Sachsenberg Rosslau "is located in the Dessau department of the State Archives Saxony-Anhalt under [1]
Individual evidence
- ^ Ines Hildebrand: Sachsenberg. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 22, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 2005, ISBN 3-428-11203-2 , p. 338 f. ( Digitized version ).
Coordinates: 51 ° 52 ′ 59.1 ″ N , 12 ° 13 ′ 55.2 ″ E