Georgi Bogdanowitsch Jakulow
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Georgi Bogdanowitsch Jakulow ( Russian Георгий Богданович Якулов ; born January 2, 1884 in Tbilisi , Russian Empire ; died December 28, 1928 in Yerevan , USSR ) was an Armenian-Russian painter, set and costume designer.
Life
Yakulov grew up in an Armenian family who moved to Moscow in 1893, where he was initially trained at a school for painting and drawing under Konstantin Juon and Ivan Dudin. From 1900 to 1902 he studied at the Moscow School of Painting, Sculpture and Architecture . In 1903 he was expelled from school and drafted for military service on the Russian-Japanese front . In 1908 he traveled to Italy and France for the first time, then again in 1911 and 1912.
Since 1908 he created sets for the Moscow summer theaters. After taking part in the exhibition of the “Künstlervereinigung Kranz” in 1908, he was a regular participant in the Mir Iskusstwa (World of Art) exhibitions from 1911 to 1921 . In the programmatic almanac Der Blaue Reiter , David Burljuk counted him in 1912 in his contribution to the “savages” of Russia, translated by Kandinsky . During his stays in Central Asia, Jakulow had developed a painterly theory of light, similar to the ideas of Sonia Terk and Robert Delaunay , and exchanged ideas with them in Paris in 1912 . Delaunay formulated orphism from this . Like the Delaunays and the Burljuk brothers, Jakulow was invited by Herwarth Walden to the First German Autumn Salon in Berlin in 1913 , where he was able to show two pictures. The picture Dissonance , which Franz Marc was able to assess while it was hanging , did not meet with his approval (Marc's letter to Kandinsky on September 30, 1913). With Benedikt Liwschiz and the composer Arthur Lourié Jakulow wrote the manifesto The West and Us , which Guillaume Apollinaire published in a French translation with the title "macaronique" on April 16, 1914 in the Mercure de France . In 1914 he joined the Futurists' manifesto in Moscow . In 1917 he, Alexander Rodchenko and Vladimir Tatlin designed the new furnishings for the “Café Pittoresque” in Kuznetsky Most , which after its opening in February 1918 also became a meeting place for the futurists around Mayakovsky . There Jakulow also met the writers Sergei Jessenin and Anatoli Marienhof , with whom he became friends and signed the Declaration of the Imaginists in 1919 . In 1921 Jakulow had his first retrospective in the “Café Pittoresque”.
Only in the early days was Jakulow one of the teachers at the WChUTEMAS art school founded in 1918 . From 1918 Yakulov worked regularly as a set designer at the Moscow Chamber Theater and worked with Alexander Tairow , but was also associated with the theater in Yerevan in the following years. For the Jewish Habimah Theater in Moscow, he set up a production of the "Eternal Jew" by David Pinski .
In 1922 two theater designs and three paintings by him were shown at the First Russian Art Exhibition in Berlin, the stage design for the Brambilla was also shown in the catalog. In 1925 he was on the jury of the Exposition Internationale des Arts Décoratifs et industriels modern in Paris. There, his model of a memorial for the 26 commissioners executed by the British in Baku in 1918 was honored, his design also deals with Tatlin's tower design and, in the (also) spiral shape, also cites the minaret of Samarra , thus Jakulov's roots in Asian art.
With the Russian composer Sergei Prokofiev , who was living in Paris at the time , he developed the ballet Pas d'acier in 1925/1926 , which was performed in the choreography of Léonide Massine in 1927 with Djagilev's Ballets Russes in London and Paris. The steel step , a work of machine art , was based on the constructivist theatrical works of Tairow and Vsevolod Meyerhold . A new performance of the ballet after eighty years in Princeton NJ , USA reconstructed Jakulow's equipment.
After the success of his ballet, he was asked to show his artist's silver jubilee to show a retrospective of his work in Paris in 1928. Picasso , Prokofiev, Djagilew, R. Delaunay, Tairow, Lunacharsky , Stanislavski , Monzie and Eliawa could be won for the exhibition committee . During the preparation period, Yakulov died while working in Yerevan. A large number of his pictures remained with Raphaël Khérumian and Michail Larionow in France and did not return to the Soviet Union until the 1970s. Today they are mainly in the Armenian National Gallery in Yerevan. A Société des Amis de Georges Yakoulov worked in Paris in the 1960s and 1970s and tried to sift through his tracks, as Jakulow himself had not arranged his life and his estate for posterity.
Works (selection)
- S. Prokofjew and G. Jakulow: Le pas d'acier (“The Steel Step”) op. 41, ballet in two scenes, 1925/26
Literature / exhibitions
- Valentine Marcadé; Jean-Claude Marcadé: Des lumières du soleil aux lumières du théâtre: Georges Yakoulov . In: Cahiers du monde russe et soviétique. Mouton & Coed., 1972 Vol. 13 N ° 1. pp. 5-23. [1]
- TS Abalowa; SG Jafarova; TN Dulnewa (catalog compilation): Russian and Soviet art. Works from six centuries. , Düsseldorf; Stuttgart; Hanover 1984, pp. 120/121
- Trends of the Twenties. 15th European Art Exhibition Berlin 1977. Catalog. Reimer, Berlin 1977, p. B / 33
- Raphaël Khérumian: Les Soleils multicolores de Georges Yakoulov. Extr .: Vostan. T.1, no 1, 1948-49.
Web links
- Literature by and about Georgi Bogdanowitsch Jakulow in the catalog of the German National Library
- Lesley-Anne Sayers: Georgi Yakoulov short bio (2004)
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Biographical information from Valentine Marcadé; Jean-Claude Marcadé: Des lumières du soleil aux lumières du théâtre: Georges Yakoulov , 1972
- ↑ Andreas Hüneke (ed.), The blue rider: Documents of a spiritual movement . Afterword by Andreas Hüneke, Reclam, Leipzig 1986, pp. 480, 482
- ↑ Benedikt Livshits, Бенеди́кт Константи́нович Ли́вшиц, see Wikipedia in English : Benedikt Livshits
- ↑ Trends of the Twenties. 15th European Art Exhibition Berlin 1977. , p. 1/79
- ^ Pas d'acier , Ballet and Exhibition New Jersey 2004. Exhibition of the reconstruction of the stage model Victoria and Albert Museum , London 2011, Center Pompidou , Paris 2012
- ↑ Anatole de Monzie, French Senator, in the French-language Wikipedia fr: Anatole de Monzie
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Jakulow, Georgi Bogdanowitsch |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Armenian-Russian painter, stage and costume designer |
| DATE OF BIRTH | January 2, 1884 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Tbilisi |
| DATE OF DEATH | December 28, 1928 |
| Place of death | Yerevan |