Gloss elf

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Gloss elf
Shiny Elf ♀

Shiny Elf ♀

Systematics
Class : Birds (aves)
Order : Sailor birds (Apodiformes)
Family : Hummingbirds (Trochilidae)
Tribe : Coquettes (Lophornitini)
Genre : Lophornis
Type : Gloss elf
Scientific name
Lophornis stictolophus
Salvin & Elliot , 1873

The glossy elf ( Lophornis stictolophus ) is a species of bird in the hummingbird family (Trochilidae) found in Venezuela , Colombia , Ecuador and Peru . The IUCN assesses the population as Least Concern . The species is considered to be monotypical .

features

Shiny Elf ♂ illustrated by Louis Victor Bevalet

The gloss elf reaches a body length of approx. 6.4 to 6.9 cm. It is very similar to the ornamental elf . The male has a short straight red bill with a black tip. The front skull and the hood are reddish brown. The hood feathers are a little shorter than those of the ornamental elf, and they have wider blackish tips. The hood looks bushier than in the decorative elf. The rest of the top is bronze green with a white band across the rump . The rear area of ​​the rump and the upper tail-coverts are purple-bronze. Throat glistening green, the back tufts are not as noticeable as in other conspecific species. The tufts are reddish brown with an iridescent distal band. The throat is separated by some white feathers. The rest of the bottom is bronze green. The tail is rounded twice, the central pairs of control feathers are green, the rest of the cinnamon-colored reddish brown with black tips. The female lacks the hood and the tufts of cheekbones. The front skull is matt cinnamon reddish brown. The top resembles the male. The throat is whitish with large reddish brown spots, the belly is cinnamon-colored, often with a few green sequins . The rounded tail has green central control feathers , the rest is basically cinnamon in color with a black subterminal band over all tail feathers. The tips are yellow-brown. Immature juveniles are similar to females, but the throat is greyish.

Behavior and nutrition

The gloss elf probably gets its nectar from plants of the genera Inga , convertible rose, and the verbena and myrtle families . It chases arthropods in flight.

Brood

The breeding biology of the gloss elf has not yet been researched.

Vocalizations

The gloss elf is considered a rather quiet contemporary. When eating, it gives off a high, sharp tsip . In the soaring flight the wing beat sounds deeply like a bee.

distribution and habitat

The glossy elf prefers the edges of damp forests, clearings, cerrado and dry areas with scrub at altitudes up to 1300 meters. Mostly she moves them in areas that are lower than those of the ornamental elves and replaces them in these eco-zones .

migration

The glossy elf is considered a resident bird .

Etymology and history of research

The gloss elf was first described in 1873 by Osbert Salvin and Daniel Giraud Elliot under the scientific name Lophornis stictolophus . The type specimen originating from Colombia was described by John Gould in 1847 as Lophornis reginae , a name that was already documented by Trochilus reginae Schreiber in 1833. In 1829 Lesson introduced the new genus Lophornis, among other things, for the ornamental elf . "Lophornis" is made up of the Greek words "lophos λόφος " for "crown, forehead" and "ornis όρνις " for "bird". The species name stictolophus is a Greek word formation from "stiktos στικτος " for "speckled, dotted" and "lophos λοφος " for "head".

literature

  • Thomas Züchner, Peter Boesman in: Josep del Hoyo , Andrew Elliott, Jordi Sargatal , David Andrew Christie , Eduardo de Juana: Spangled Coquette (Lophornis stictolophus) in Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive . Lynx Edicions, Barcelona.
  • James A. Jobling: Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names . Christopher Helm, London 2010, ISBN 978-1-4081-2501-4 .
  • Osbert Salvin, Daniel Giraud Elliot: On two Species of Trochilidae of the Gebnus Lophornis . In: The Ibis (=  3 ). tape 2 , no. 11 , 1873, p. 279-280 ( biodiversity library ).
  • René Primevère Lesson : Histoire naturelle des oiseaux-mouches, ouvrage orné de planches desinées et gravée par les meilleurs artistes et dédié A SAR Mademoiselle. - 85 plates (Prêtre, Antoine Germaine Bévalet, Marie Clémence Lesson after Louis Pierre Vieillot, Antoine Charles Vauthier after William Swainson, Pancrace Bessa , Elisa Zoé Dumont de Sainte Croix) . Arthus-Bertrand, Paris ( biodiversitylibrary.org - 1829-1830).
  • Edward Clive Dickinson, Leslie K. Overstreet, Robert Jack Dowsett, Murray Duncan Bruce: Priority! The Dating of Scientific Names in Ornithology . Aves Press Limited, Northampton 2012, ISBN 978-0-9568611-1-5 .
  • Karl Franz Anton von Schreiber: Collectanea ad faunam Brasiliae . In: Isis von Oken . tape 25 , 1833, pp. 533-282 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).
  • John Gould: Drafts for a new arrangement of the Trochilidae with the characters of two new genera and description of three new species . In: Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London . tape 15 , no. 168 , 1847, pp. 94-96 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).

Web links

Commons : Gloss Elf ( Lophornis stictolophus )  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ IOC World Bird List Hummingbirds.
  2. a b c d e f Thomas Züchner u. a.
  3. ^ John Gould, p. 98.
  4. ^ Karl Franz Anton von Schreibers, p. 534.
  5. Osbert Salvin et al. a., p. 81.
  6. René Primevère Lesson (1829-1830), pp. Xxxvii
  7. James A. Jobling, p. 230
  8. James A. Jobling p. 366.

Remarks

  1. Lesson categorized Ornismya Nattereri a synonym for the hyacinth visorbearer ( Augastes scutatus ( Temminck , 1824)), Ornismya petasophora a synonym for the white-vented violetear ( Colibri serrirostris ( Vieillot , 1816)), Ornismya delalandii a synonym for the Grünhaubenelfe ( Stephanoxis lalandi ( Vieillot , 1818)), Ornismya cristata a synonym for the Antilles hood Hummingbird ( Orthorhyncus cristatus ( Linnaeus , 1758)), Ornismya ornata a synonym for Schmuckelfe ( Lophornis ornatus ( Boddaert , 1783)), Ornismya strumaria synonymous with frilled coquette ( Lophornis magnificus ( Vieillot , 1817)) and Ornismya vieillotii a synonym for butterfly elf ( Lophornis chalybeus ( Temminck , 1821)) in the new genus.
  2. For the publication history of the work, see Edward Clive Dickinson u. a. S. 117. The work was published in 17 deliveries from 1829 to 1830. S. XXV-Xl appeared in December 1829