Convertible rose (genus)

Convertible rose
	Inflorescences of a lantana variety ( Lantana camara )
Systematics
	Nuclear eudicotyledons
	Asterids
	Euasterids I
Order :	Mint family (Lamiales)
Family :	Verbena plants (Verbenaceae)
Genre :	Convertible rose
Scientific name
	Lantana
	L.

The lantana ( Lantana ) is a plant genus within the family of the iron herb plants (Verbenaceae). The 111 or so species are mainly found in the Neotropic. The many varieties of convertible rose ( Lantana camara ) are used as ornamental plants .

description

Illustration by Lantana camara

Branch with opposite leaves and fruit bunches with different degrees of ripeness of the fruits of a convertible herb variety ( Lantana camara )

Graphium Sarpedon of flowers of a lantana type settings ( Lantana camara )

Antilles hood Hummingbird ( Orthorhyncus cristatus ) on flowers of Lantana type settings ( Lantana camara )

Appearance and leaves

In Lantana TYPES There are mostly woody plants as shrubs or vines ; rarely grow around small trees or herbaceous plants . The aromatic plants are finely hairy or glabrous. The shoot axes, which are square in youth, are rough or sometimes slightly prickly.

The opposite , sometimes three to four whorled leaves are divided into a petiole and a leaf blade. The always simple leaf blades are very wrinkled in most species. The leaf margin is often notched.

Inflorescences, flowers and fruits

On inflorescence shafts there are often many flowers together in dense, head-shaped inflorescences , with the individual flowers having a short stalk at most and the oval to lanceolate bract protruding over the sepals.

The hermaphrodite flowers are four or five-fold with a double flower envelope . The relatively small, membranous sepals are short. The colors of the petals include almost everything: white, yellow, red, blue and purple; some species also have two-tone crowns. Often the corolla changes color in the course of the anthesis , in some species several times. The four or five petals are fused into a narrow corolla tube. The corollas are almost radially symmetrical or slightly two-lipped with four or five extended corolla lobes. There is only one circle with four free, fertile stamens , they are inserted on the approximately middle of the corolla tube and do not protrude beyond the corolla. The ovary is bicameral. There is only one ovule per ovary chamber . The stylus does not protrude from the corolla tube and ends in a crooked, almost head-shaped scar.

The fleshy stone fruits contain a stone core with one to two seeds. The drupes turn red, purple to metallic black when ripe.

ecology

The diaspores are spread by birds .

Systematics and distribution

A variety of convertible rose ( Lantana camara )

Lantana indica

Inflorescence of Lantana involucrata

Branch with leaves and fruits of Lantana involucrata

Lantana lucida

Branch with opposite leaves and inflorescence of Lantana montevidensis

Lantana peduncularis

Lantana radula

Lantana salzmannii

Lantana scabrida

Lantana tiliifolia

Not all leaves of Lantana trifolia are in threes

Inflorescence of Lantana trifolia

Lantana trifolia

The genus Lantana was established in 1753 by Carl von Linné . Synonyms for Lantana L. nom. cons. are: Camara Adans. , Charachera Forssk. , Riedelia Cham. , Tamonopsis Griseb. , Xeralis Raf.

Most of the up to 150 species are distributed in the Neotropic , a few come from tropical to southern Africa and from the Himalayan region to Thailand. Few species worldwide are neophytes in warmer areas .

There are 110 to 150 types of Lantana :

Lantana achyranthifolia Desf. : It iswidespreadfrom the US states of Arizona and Texas through Mexico and Central America and in large areas of South America to Argentina .

Lantana alainii Moldenke : This endemic occurs only in the Dominican Republic .

Lantana amoena Ridl. : This endemic occurs only on the Brazilian island group Fernando de Noronha .

Lantana angolensis Moldenke : It occurs in southern and southern tropical Africa.

Lantana angustibracteata Hayek : It occurs in Peru .

Lantana angustifolia Mill .: It occurs in Cuba and Jamaica .

Lantana aristeguietae Moldenke : It occurs in Venezuela .

Lantana × bahamensis Britton = Lantana camara subsp. camara × Lantana splendens : It occurs on the Caribbean islands .

Lantana balansae Briq. : It occurs from Bolivia to southern Brazil , Argentina, Paraguay and Uruguay .

Lantana balsamifera Britton : It only occurs in the Bahamas .

Lantana buchii Urb. : It occurs in Cuba and Hispaniola .

Lantana caatingensis Moldenke : It occurs in Brazil.

Lantana ( Lantana camara L. , syn .: Lantana aculeata L. , Camara vulgaris Benth. ): It is widely used with six sub-species in the Neotropics and in many warmer areas of the world a neophyte.

Lantana canescens Kunth : It occurs from Texas via Mexico and Central America to tropical South America.

Lantana caracasana Turcz. : It occurs in northern Venezuela.

Lantana chiapasensis Moldenke : It occurs from Mexico via Guatemala to Nicaragua .

Lantana ciferriana Ekman ex Moldenke : This endemic occurs only in the Dominican Republic.

Lantana coimbrensis S.Moore : It occurs in Brazil.

Lantana colombiana López-Pal. : It occurs in Colombia.

Lantana cordatibracteata Moldenke : It occurs in Brazil.

Lantana cujabensis Schauer (Syn .: Lantana riedeliana Schauer ): It occurs in tropical South America.

Lantana demutata Millsp. : It occurs in the Bahamas and on the Turks and Caicos Islands .

Lantana depressa Small : It is only found in Florida .

Lantana dinteri Moldenke : It occurs from southwestern Angola to Namibia .

Lantana ehrenbergiana Moldenke : It only occurs in Hispaniola.

Lantana elenievskii I.E. Mendez : It only occurs in Cuba.

Lantana × entrerriensis Tronc. = Lantana furcata × Lantana lilacina : It occurs in northeast Argentina and Uruguay.

Lantana exarata Urb. & Ekman : It occurs from Cuba to Puerto Rico.

Lantana ferreyrae Moldenke : It occurs in two varieties from Ecuador to Peru.

Lantana × flava medic. = Lantana horrida × Lantana splendens : It occurs in the Caribbean.

Lantana × floridana Raf. = Lantana camara × Lantana depressa var. Floridana × Lantana nivea × Lantana scabrida × Lantana splendens : It occurs in Florida.

Lantana fucata Lindl. : It occurs in southeastern Mexico, Jamaica and tropical South America.

Lantana glaziovii Moldenke : It occurs in Brazil.

Lantana gracilis T.RSSilva : It occurs in Brazil.

Lantana grisebachii stucco. ex Seckt : It occurs from southern Bolivia to northern Argentina.

Lantana grossiserrata Moldenke : It occurs from Costa Rica to Panama.

Lantana hatoensis Moldenke : It occurs in Curaçao .

Lantana hatschbachii Moldenke : It occurs in Brazil.

Lantana haughtii Moldenke : It occurs in Colombia, Ecuador and Peru.

Lantana hirsuta M. Martens & Galeotti : It occurs in two subspecies from Mexico to tropical South America.

Lantana hirta Graham (Syn .: Lantana costaricensis Hayek ): It occurs from Mexico to Colombia.

Lantana horrida Kunth ( incl.Lantana subcordata Urb. , Lantana tiliifolia Cham. , Lantana glutinosa Poepp. , Lantana cummingiana Hayek , Lantana foetida Rusby ): It contains three subspecies and two varieties since 2012. Their entire distribution area extends from Mexico to Central America and the Caribbean islands to tropical South America.

Lantana humuliformis Verdc. : It occurs in Kenya and Tanzania .

Lantana hypoleuca Briq. : It occurs in Brazil, Paraguay and Uruguay.

Lantana indica Roxb. : Its range extends from Afghanistan to Thailand .

Lantana insularis Moldenke : It occurs in Cuba and Jamaica.

Lantana involucrata L .: The range extends from Mexico across Central America and the Caribbean islands to northern Venezuela .

Lantana jaliscana Moldenke : It occurs in Mexico.

Lantana jamaicensis Britton : This endemic occurs only in Jamaica.

Lantana kingii Moldenke : It occurs in Mexico.

Lantana langlassei Moldenke : It occurs in Mexico and El Salvador .

Lantana leonardorum Moldenke : It only occurs on Hispaniola.

Lantana leucocarpa Urb. & Ekman ex Moldenke : This endemic occurs only in the Dominican Republic.

Lantana lindmanii Briq. : It occurs in Brazil.

Lantana lockhardtii D.Don ex Schauer : It occurs on islands in the southern Caribbean.

Lantana lopez-palacii Moldenke : It occurs from Costa Rica to Ecuador.

Lantana lucida Schauer : It occurs in the Brazilian state of Bahia .

Lantana lundiana Schauer : It occurs in Brazil, Argentina and Paraguay.

Lantana machadoi R.Fern. : It occurs in Angola .

Lantana magnibracteata Tronc. : It occurs in Paraguay and Argentina.

Lantana megapotamica (Spreng.) Tronc. : It occurs from Brazil and Uruguay to northern Argentina.

Lantana melissiodorifera Perr. : It occurs in French Guiana .

Lantana micrantha Briq. : It occurs from Bolivia and Brazil to northern Argentina.

Lantana microcarpa Urb. : It occurs on Hispaniola.

Lantana moldenkei R. Fern. : It occurs in Zimbabwe .

Lantana mollis Graham : It probably occurs in Mexico.

Lantana montevidensis (Spreng.) Briq. : It is originally widespread in tropical South America. It is a neophyte in North America, New Zealand and the Caribbean.

Lantana × multicolor Lem. = Lantana camara × Lantana nivea : It occurs in Brazil.

Lantana × mutabilis Weigel = Lantana camara subsp. aculeata × Lantana horrida : It occurs in eastern Brazil.

Lantana nivea Vent. : It occurs in two subspecies from Bolivia to Brazil and northeastern Argentina.

Lantana notha Moldenke : It occurs in Mexico.

Lantana obtusata Briq. : It occurs in Paraguay.

Lantana ovatifolia Britton : It only occurs in the Bahamas .

Lantana pastazensis Moldenke : It occurs in Ecuador.

Lantana pauciflora Urb. (Syn .: Lantana parvifolia Desf. ): It occurs on Hispaniola.

Lantana pavonii Moldenke : It occurs in Peru.

Lantana peduncularis Andersson : It occurs on the Galapagos Islands.

Lantana petitiana A. Rich. : It occurs from Ethiopia to Zimbabwe, on the Arabian Peninsula and in Afghanistan.

Lantana × planaltensis R.W.Sanders = Lantana horrida subsp. tiliifolia × Lantana nivea : It occurs from Brazil to northeast Argentina.

Lantana planifolia (Cham.) Briq. : It occurs from southern Brazil to Uruguay.

Lantana × pohliana Schauer = Lantana nivea × Lantana viscosa : It occurs from Peru to Brazil.

Lantana × polyacantha shower = Lantana hirsuta × Lantana horrida : It occurs from Mexico to Central America.

Lantana prostrata Larrañaga : It occurs in Uruguay.

Lantana punctulata Moldenke : It occurs in Brazil.

Lantana radula Sw. : It occurs from the Lesser Antilles to Brazil.

Lantana reineckii Briq. : It occurs in southern Brazil.

Lantana reptans Hayek : It occurs from Ecuador to Peru.

Lantana reticulata Pers. : It occurs on islands in the Caribbean and southeastern Mexico.

Lantana × robusta shower = Lantana hirsuta subsp. amazonica × Lantana kingii : It occurs in southeastern Brazil.

Lantana × rubra Berland. = Lantana camara × Lantana nivea × Lantana scabrida × Lantana splendens × Lantana urticoides : It occurs in Texas and northeastern Mexico.

Lantana rugosa Thunb. : It occurs in southern Africa and in southern tropical Africa.

Lantana rugulosa Kunth : The distribution area extends from western South America to Brazil .

Lantana ruiz-teranii López-Pal. & Steyerm. : It occurs in Venezuela.

Lantana rusbyana Moldenke : It occurs in Bolivia.

Lantana salicifolia Kunth : It occurs in Colombia.

Lantana salzmannii Schauer : It occurs in eastern Brazil.

Lantana santosii Moldenke : It occurs only in southwestern Angola.

Lantana scabiosiflora Kunth : It occurs from Ecuador to Peru . There are three varieties.

Lantana scabrida Aiton (Syn .: Lantana scandens Moldenke ): It occurs from Mexico to northern Venezuela and on islands in the Caribbean.

Lantana soatensis Moldenke : It occurs in Colombia.

Lantana splendens med. : It occurs in Cuba and the Bahamas.

Lantana sprucei Hayek : It occurs from Ecuador to Bolivia.

Lantana × strigocamara R.W.Sanders = Lantana camara × Lantana nivea × Lantana scabrida × Lantana splendens : It originally only occurs in Florida, but is a neophyte in numerous countries almost worldwide.

Lantana strigosa (Griseb.) Urb. : It occurs in western Cuba and Puerto Rico.

Lantana subtracta Here : It occurs in Angola.

Lantana svensonii Moldenke : It occurs in Ecuador and Peru.

Lantana swynnertonii Moldenke : It occurs in Zimbabwe.

Lantana tilcarensis Tronc. : It occurs in northwestern Argentina.

Lantana tomasii Moldenke : It occurs in Colombia.

Lantana trifolia L. (Syn .: Lantana cubensis Moldenke ): It is originally distributed from Mexico to tropical South America, occurs as a neophyte in Asia and Africa.

Lantana ukambensis (Vatke) Verdc. (Syn .: Lippia ukambensis Vatke ): It is common in tropical Africa.

Lantana undulata closet : It occurs from Brazil to northern Argentina.

Lantana × urticoides Hayek = Lantana hirsuta × Lantana kingii : It occurs in Mexico, New Mexico and Texas.

Lantana velutina M. Martens & Galeotti (Syn .: Lantana dwyeriana Moldenke ): It spreads from Texas over Central America and from Ecuador to Argentina .

Lantana venosa (Rusby) Liesner & S.Hirth : It occurs in Bolivia.

Lantana veronicifolia Hayek : It occurs from Pakistan to India.

Lantana viburnoides (Forssk.) Vahl : It occurs in two subspecies and one variety on the Arabian Peninsula and in Africa.

Lantana viscosa Pohl ex Schauer : It occurs in tropical South America.

Lantana xenica Moldenke : It occurs in Argentina.

Lantana Zahlbruckneri Hayek : It occurs in Peru.

swell

Shou-liang Chen, Michael G. Gilbert: Verbenaceae. : Lantana L. , p. 2 - the same text online as the printed work , In: Wu Zheng-yi, Peter H. Raven (Ed.): Flora of China , Volume 17 - Verbenaceae through Solanaceae , Science Press and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing and St. Louis, 1994, ISBN 0-915279-24-X . (Sections Description and Systematics)

Individual evidence

↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e Shou-liang Chen, Michael G. Gilbert: Verbenaceae. : Lantana L. , p. 2 - the same text online as the printed work , In: Wu Zheng-yi, Peter H. Raven (Ed.): Flora of China , Volume 17 - Verbenaceae through Solanaceae , Science Press and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing and St. Louis, 1994, ISBN 0-915279-24-X .
^ Lantana at Tropicos.org. In: Flora of Pakistan . Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis
^ Lantana at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, accessed January 1, 2018.
↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q ^r ^s ^t ^u ^v ^w ^x ^y ^z ^aa ^ab ^ac ^ad ^ae ^af ^ag ^ah ^ai ^aj ^ak ^al ^am ^an ^ao ^ap ^aq ^ar ^as ^at ^au ^av ^aw ^ax ^ay ^az ^ba ^bb ^bc ^bd ^be ^bf ^bg ^bh ^bi ^bj ^bk ^bl ^bm ^bn ^bo ^bp ^bq ^br ^bs ^bt ^bu ^bv ^bw ^bx ^by ^bz ^ca ^cb ^cc ^cd ^ce ^cf ^cg ^ch ^ci ^cj ^ck ^cl ^cm ^cn ^co ^cp ^cq ^cr ^cs ^ct ^cu ^cv ^cw ^cx ^cy ^cz ^da ^db ^dc ^dd ^de ^df ^dg ^dh ^di ^dj ^dk ^dl ^dm ^dn ^do ^dp ^dq ^dr ^ds ^dt ^du Rafaël Govaerts (Ed.): Lantana. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved January 1, 2018.

literature

Gordon Cheers (Ed.): Botanica . Tandem, 2003, ISBN 3-8331-1600-5 .
Franz Fukarek (Red.), Siegfried Danert: flowering plants 2. Urania, Leipzig 1994, ISBN 3-332-00497-2 ( Urania plant kingdom. Volume 4.).

Web links

Commons : lantana ( Lantana ) - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Lantana. Datasheet In: Flora of Zimbabwe.

Map with all linked sites: OSM | WikiMap

[FoC-1] Shou-liang Chen, Michael G. Gilbert: Verbenaceae. : Lantana L. , p. 2 - the same text online as the printed work , In: Wu Zheng-yi, Peter H. Raven (Ed.): Flora of China , Volume 17 - Verbenaceae through Solanaceae , Science Press and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing and St. Louis, 1994, ISBN 0-915279-24-X .

[FoP-2] Lantana at Tropicos.org. In: Flora of Pakistan . Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis

[Tropicos-3] Lantana at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, accessed January 1, 2018.

[WCSP-4] ↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q ^r ^s ^t ^u ^v ^w ^x ^y ^z ^aa ^ab ^ac ^ad ^ae ^af ^ag ^ah ^ai ^aj ^ak ^al ^am ^an ^ao ^ap ^aq ^ar ^as ^at ^au ^av ^aw ^ax ^ay ^az ^ba ^bb ^bc ^bd ^be ^bf ^bg ^bh ^bi ^bj ^bk ^bl ^bm ^bn ^bo ^bp ^bq ^br ^bs ^bt ^bu ^bv ^bw ^bx ^by ^bz ^ca ^cb ^cc ^cd ^ce ^cf ^cg ^ch ^ci ^cj ^ck ^cl ^cm ^cn ^co ^cp ^cq ^cr ^cs ^ct ^cu ^cv ^cw ^cx ^cy ^cz ^da ^db ^dc ^dd ^de ^df ^dg ^dh ^di ^dj ^dk ^dl ^dm ^dn ^do ^dp ^dq ^dr ^ds ^dt ^du Rafaël Govaerts (Ed.): Lantana. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved January 1, 2018.