Large-flowered chamois

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Large-flowered chamois
Large-flowered chamois (Doronicum grandiflorum)

Large-flowered chamois ( Doronicum grandiflorum )

Systematics
Order : Astern-like (Asterales)
Family : Daisy family (Asteraceae)
Subfamily : Asteroideae
Tribe : Senecioneae
Genre : Chamois root ( Doronicum )
Type : Large-flowered chamois
Scientific name
Doronicum grandiflorum
Lam.

The large-flowered chamois ( Doronicum grandiflorum ), also called large -basket chamois , is a species of the genus chamois ( Doronicum ) from the daisy family (Asteraceae).

features

The perennial herbaceous plant reaches heights of growth between 10 and 40 cm and has an upright, usually one-headed stem , it is hairy glands. The basal leaves are broadly ovate and roughly dentate with a long, narrowly winged stem. The stem leaves are alternate, ovate to lanceolate, half of the stem encompassing. In addition to short glandular and limb hairs, the leaves often have longer, multicellular villi hairs on the edge.

The bracts are densely glandular (also abundant glandeless hair). The flower heads are 4 to 6 cm wide with yellow ray and tubular flowers . The flowering period extends from July to August.

The number of chromosomes is 2n = 60.

Large-flowered chamois ( Doronicum grandiflorum )
Large-flowered chamois ( Doronicum grandiflorum )

Occurrence

The limestone plant prefers moist, snow-covered limestone rubble, scree and karflure at altitudes between 1400 and 3400 meters. It is a species of character of the order Thlaspietalia rotundifolii. In the Allgäu Alps, it rises from 1880 meters to an altitude of 2500 meters.

The species is common in the Alps , Pyrenees and the northern Balkans . Its distribution area includes the countries Spain, Andorra, France, Corsica, Germany, Switzerland, Italy, Austria, Liechtenstein, Slovenia and Montenegro.

In Austria it is often found in the northern (eastward to western Lower Austria ) and southern Limestone Alps , and rare in the central Alps . It is missing in Vienna and Burgenland .

Systematics

One can distinguish the following subspecies:

  • Doronicum grandiflorum subsp. braunblanquetii Rivas Mart. & al. : It occurs in Spain.
  • Doronicum grandiflorum subsp. grandiflorum .

particularities

The large-flowered chamois belongs to the type of rubble stretcher who work their way through the loose material without offering any significant resistance. It grows on lime and, together with the shaggy chamois ( D. clusii ), forms a vicarious pair of species on silicate rocks . Herb, rhizome and the flowers contain a sweetener, which is why the plant is eaten by chamois , deer and goats (common names: deer syrup, zigerchrut). The herdsmen use the herb to flavor the herb cheese. Since the chamois like to eat the plant and they have a head for heights, at least chamois hunters, poachers and roofers hoped for a head for heights from consuming the root. It was also supposed to be bulletproof if it was dug on a Friday at the new moon and before sunrise. As a remedy for insomnia, on the other hand, it must be dug when the moon is waxing and for sleep addiction when it is waning.

Common names

In German-speaking countries, the common names Gamsblümli ( Glarus ), Chamswurz ( Tyrol ), Grasägel ( Lucerne , Bern ) and Grasägli (Lucerne, Bern) are or were used for this plant species, sometimes only regionally .

literature

  • Xaver Finkenzeller: Alpine flowers. Munich 2003, ISBN 3-576-11482-3 .
  • Manfred A. Fischer , Wolfgang Adler, Karl Oswald: Excursion flora for Austria, Liechtenstein and South Tyrol. 2nd, improved and enlarged edition. State of Upper Austria, Biology Center of the Upper Austrian State Museums, Linz 2005, ISBN 3-85474-140-5 .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . With the collaboration of Angelika Schwabe and Theo Müller. 8th, heavily revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 , pp.  950 .
  2. ↑ Erhard Dörr, Wolfgang Lippert : Flora of the Allgäu and its surroundings. Volume 2, IHW, Eching 2004, ISBN 3-930167-61-1 , p. 617.
  3. ↑ a b c Werner Greuter (2006+): Compositae (pro parte majore). - In: W. Greuter & E. von Raab-Straube (ed.): Compositae. Euro + Med Plantbase - the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity. Datasheet Doronicum grandiflorum In: Euro + Med Plantbase - the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity.
  4. ^ Georg August Pritzel , Carl Jessen : The German folk names of plants. New contribution to the German linguistic treasure. Philipp Cohen, Hannover 1882, p. 41, (online)

Web links

Commons : Large-flowered chamois ( Doronicum grandiflorum )  - album with pictures, videos and audio files