Great Fergana Canal

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Great Fergana Canal
Course of the Great Fergana Canal

Course of the Great Fergana Canal

Data
location Central Asia
River system Syr Darya
Drain over Syr Darya  → Aral Sea
Derivation at Uchqoʻrgʻon from the Naryn
41 ° 9 ′ 34 ″  N , 72 ° 8 ′ 58 ″  E
muzzle near Khujand in the Syrdarya coordinates: 40 ° 15 ′ 40 ″  N , 69 ° 35 ′ 0 ″  E 40 ° 15 ′ 40 ″  N , 69 ° 35 ′ 0 ″  E

length 350 km
Big cities Andijon , Qo'qon (Uzbekistan)
Khujand (Tajikistan)
Medium-sized cities Uchqoʻrgʻon , Shahrixon , Tinchlik , Yaypan (Uzbekistan)
Konibodom (Tajikistan)
Small towns Kuyganyor (Uzbekistan)
The Great Fergana Canal near Andijon

The Great Fergana Canal near Andijon

The Great Ferghanakanal (full name Big Ferghanakanal Usman Yusupov , Uzbekistan Katta Fergana kanali , Russian Большой Ферганский канал Bolshoi Ferganski channel , Tajik Канали калони Фарғона Kanali Kaloni Farghona ) is an irrigation canal in the Ferghana Valley in Central Asia . The canal is about 350 km long and flows through Uzbekistan , Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan .

history

Usman Yusupov , who had been appointed First Secretary of the Communist Party of the Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic in 1937 , drove water projects for irrigation to gain new acreage for cotton. The manpower required for this was provided by mass mobilization of the population, who were recruited for a certain period of time to work on the so-called people's construction sites. For example, in March 1938, a 32 km long canal, six meters wide and two meters deep, was built in just 17 days.

In March 1939, in Moscow, Yusupov presented his plans for a major canal through the entire Ferghana Valley and received Stalin's support for this. Construction of the canal began in August 1939. 160,000 Uzbek and Tajik kolkhoz workers were brought to the canal construction sites. The sewer was excavated by hand with a hoe and wheelbarrow. Construction was completed in the second half of September. It was one of the largest hydraulic structures in the USSR .

Following the construction of the Great Ferghana Canal, the Northern Ferghana Canal and the Southern Ferghana Canal were built between 1940 and 1941 . As a result of these canal construction, the irrigated agricultural area increased significantly and the cotton harvest doubled.

Restoration work on the Great Ferghana Canal was carried out in 1953–1962, 1964 and 1967. Originally named after Stalin , the canal was renamed after Usman Yusupov in 1966.

course

The Great Ferghana Canal is diverted upstream from Uchqoʻrgʻon to the left of the Naryn and initially runs essentially to the southeast. It also flows a short distance through Kyrgyz national territory.

After 44 km the canal meets the Karaüngkür from the right at Kuyganyor just before its confluence with the Qoradaryo . It follows the course of these two rivers for a few kilometers to the south before it branches off again to the left of the Qoradaryo at Andijon .

For its remaining 300 km or so, the canal essentially flows west. It passes the cities of Shahrixon , Tinchlik , Qo'qon and Yaypan and crosses the border to Tajikistan at Konibodom . There he runs south on Kayrakkum Reservoir over and flows below Khujand from the left in the Syr Darya .

At Andijon the Andijonsoy flows into the Great Ferghana Canal, at Shahrixon the Shahrixonsoy and at Qoratepa the Isfayramsoy . At Khujand, the channel takes in a large part of the water of the Khojabakirgan .

Of the approximately 350 km of the canal, 283 km run through Uzbekistan , 62 km through Tajikistan and a short stretch through Kyrgyzstan .

use

The Great Ferghanakanal is for irrigation in agriculture use, especially for the cultivation of cotton . About 2,570 km² are irrigated, of which about 1,000 km² through the canal alone and the rest through the canal and neighboring rivers together.

literature

Web links

Commons : Great Fergana Canal  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c Bol'shoi Fergana Canal . In: Great Soviet Encyclopedia . a translation of the third edition. tape  3 . Macmillan Inc. New York, Collier Macmillan Publishers London, 1974-1983, 1979, pp. 438 (online at thefreedictionary.com ).
  2. ↑ Christian Teichmann 2016, p. 216
  3. ↑ Christian Teichmann 2016, pp. 217–218
  4. ↑ Christian Teichmann 2016, p. 219