Great whale

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Great whale
municipality Meeder
Großwalbur coat of arms
Coordinates: 50 ° 19 ′ 48 ″  N , 10 ° 51 ′ 9 ″  E
Height : 311 m above sea level NN
Residents : 748  (2004)
Incorporation : May 1, 1978
Postal code : 96484
Primaries : 09566, 09564
Kammergut manor house
Kammergut manor house

Großwalbur is a district of the Upper Franconian community of Meeder in the Coburg district .

geography

Großwalbur is located about twelve kilometers northwest of Coburg , embedded in a spring basin, at the foot of the Long Mountains and the Rodacher Hügelland. The Walbur and Krautbrünnleinsgraben streams flow through the village in the wide meadow valley. 0.5 kilometers west of Großwalbur is the Walbur Fuchsmühle ⊙ and 3.0 kilometers east of the Walbur Kirchbergsmühle ⊙ . Großwalbur is planned as a rectangle around the Franconian road that runs from Fechheim in the east to Schweighof in the west. The highest point is the Reichberg with the Reichberglinde at 382  m above sea level. NN , the church of St. Oswald stands at an altitude of about 311  m above sea level. NN .

history

Großwalbur celebrates 833 as the year of birth. Großwalbur is first mentioned in a document from the Fulda monastery from the term of office of Abbot Ratgar , which is dated from 802 to 817, when Count Erpho handed over property to the monastery, including in Walbur (Ualabure). The document is based on a shortened copy in Codex Eberhardi from the 12th century. Further mentions in documents of the monastery followed in the year 837. The place was created as a settlement protected by a wall during the time of the Frankish settlement between 500 and 800. A fortified church was built around the 12th century within the fortifications, consisting of a village moat and a rampart . The fortifications were leveled at the end of the 19th century.

At the beginning of the 14th century, Großwalbur was under the rule of the Henneberger . In 1353 the place with the Coburg Land came by inheritance to the Wettins and was thus part of the Electorate of Saxony from 1485 , from which the Duchy of Saxony-Coburg later emerged.

In 1469 Großwalbur, which had previously belonged to the district of the parish of Oettingshausen or the original parish of Heldburg , became an independent parish. In 1873 the parish was united with the parish of Breitenau , which ended in 1999. Großwalbur belonged to the office and court of Rodach .

During the Thirty Years War in 1632 imperial troops under General Count Lamboy plundered the village. Whereas in 1632 the population was between 400 and 450 people, by 1636 it had fallen to 164 people, most of whom were ill. In 1630 there were 150 cattle, 50 horses and 80 sheep in the village, in 1647 there were only 4 cattle.

Regarding the property, Großwalbur was a mixed up village. In addition to the noble noble families, non-nobles, the church and authorities were feudal lords . In 1618 there were five estates and 75 Sölden in addition to a manor and a manorial small farm . The manor farm farmer had acquired the Kleinhof in 1673, which resulted in the manorial Großwalbur chamber estate, which was dissolved in 1868. In 1849 the feudal system was abolished. A land consolidation took place between 1913 and 1930.

In 1713 Großwalbur received the brewing license . As a result, a community brewery was built and in 1878 a cooperative brewery was opened, which in 1896 two families continued to operate as the “Beiersdorfer & Bohl” brewery. In 1902 Eduard Beiersdorfer took over the business. In the following decades the beer of the brewery “E. Beiersdorfer ”served in the family-owned inn. Brewing operations in the brewery on the outskirts of the city ceased in 1985.

The fire brigade was founded in 1869. There were major fires on August 1, 1895, when seven farms burned down, on August 16, 1900, when 16 farms were destroyed, and on May 18, 1925.

War memorial

Großwalbur had a school since the 16th century. The first schoolhouse was built in 1693 and expanded in 1862. In 1957 a new building for three classes followed. In 1872 a new cemetery was created. The choir was founded in 1859, followed by the gymnastics club and a music band in 1864. The Coburg – Bad Rodach railway line has been connected to the railway network since 1892 . The desert Fuchsmühle and Kirchbergsmühle belonged to the place.

In a referendum on November 30, 1919, four Großwalburer citizens voted for the Free State of Coburg to join the Thuringian state and 190 against. On July 1, 1920, the Free State of Coburg was united with the Free State of Bavaria .

A war memorial based on a design by the Coburg artist Otto Poertzel was inaugurated on August 29, 1923. Due to a defensive position of the Wehrmacht, on April 10, 1945, shortly before the end of the war, 13 buildings were destroyed by artillery fire from the advancing troops of the 3rd US Army .

On May 1, 1978, Großwalbur became part of the municipality of Meeder.

In 1987 the village had 789 inhabitants and 200 houses.

Population development

year population
1693 326
1783 439
1864 631
1910 556
1933 593
1939 568
1970 774
2004 748

church

Parish Church of St. Oswald

The Evangelical Lutheran parish church of St. Oswald dates back to 1477 with its Gothic choir with ribbed vaults . The nave in its current form as a gable roof was built in 1748. The octagonal shape of the tower dates back to the 16th century.

literature

  • Albin Schubert: 1150 years of the great whale. A well-fortified village in the landscape between the Rennsteig of the Thuringian Forest and the upper Main. A historical outline . Printed in Resch, Coburg 1983.

Web links

Commons : Großwalbur  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Müller's Large German Local Book 2007. Verlag de Gruyter, ISBN 978-3-00-042206-5 .
  2. ^ Richard Teufel : Architectural and art monuments in the district of Coburg . E. Riemann'sche Hofbuchhandlung, Coburg 1956, p. 72.
  3. ↑ a b c d e Albin Schubert: 1150 years Großwalbur
  4. ^ Wolfgang Vatke: Coburg breweries city and country . Veste-Verlag Roßteutscher, Coburg 2008, ISBN 978-3-925431-03-6 , p. 220
  5. ^ Coburger Zeitung, issue no.280 from December 1, 1919
  6. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 679 f .
  7. ↑ Bavarian State Office for Statistics and Data Processing (Ed.): Official local directory for Bavaria, territorial status: May 25, 1987 . Issue 450 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich November 1991, DNB  94240937X , p. 299 ( digitized version ).
  8. ↑ www.gemeindeververzeichnis.de
  9. ^ A b Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to reunification in 1990. City and district of Coburg. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
  10. ^ Bavarian State Statistical Office (ed.): Official place directory for Bavaria . Issue 335 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich 1973, DNB  740801384 , p. 152 ( digitized version ).