Gustav Uhlig

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Gustav Uhlig

Gustav Uhlig (born July 9, 1838 in Gleiwitz , † June 14, 1914 in Schmiedeberg in the Riesengebirge ) was a German classical philologist and grammar school director. From 1872 to 1899 he headed the Grand Ducal Lyceum in Heidelberg and from 1872 until his death gave lectures on classical philology and pedagogy at the university there . From the 1880s onwards he was particularly committed to maintaining the humanistic grammar school and was a co-founder of the German grammar school association and the magazine Das humanistische Gymnasium . Of his scientific work, the critical editions of the Greek grammarians Dionysios Thrax (1883) and Apollonios Dyskolos (1910) are particularly noteworthy.

Life

Gustav Uhlig, the son of the architect Carl Uhlig († 1857) and his wife Auguste († 1880), grew up in Silesia and Pomerania . In 1844 the family moved to Stettin , where his father was a government building officer. Gustav Uhlig first attended the Friedrich-Wilhelms-Schule (a secondary school with Latin lessons) up to the Quarta and then switched to the Marienstiftsgymnasium , where he received plenty of inspiration for his further life from the teachers Karl Ludwig Peter , Ludwig Giesebrecht and Hermann Graßmann . After graduating from school in autumn 1855, Uhlig studied classical philology at the University of Bonn . Among the professors there, Friedrich Gottlieb Welcker and Otto Jahn and Friedrich Ritschl in particular shaped him , who referred him to the Greek grammarians; a research focus that Uhlig devoted his life to. In Bonn, Uhlig joined the Frankonia fraternity . In the summer semester of 1858 he moved to Berlin University , where he attended lectures given by August Boeckh , Eduard Gerhard , Moriz Haupt , Karl Müllenhoff and Friedrich Adolf Trendelenburg . In autumn 1860 Uhlig fell ill and had to interrupt his studies for two years. During this time he was working on his dissertation on Apollonios Dyskolos , with which he was awarded a doctorate on March 1, 1862. phil. received his doctorate . During the Rigorosum , his friends Lucian Müller , Franz Eyssenhardt and Karl Zangemeister were opponents.

After graduating, Uhlig traveled to Switzerland several times for a cure. In Zurich he met Hermann Köchly and , on his advice, completed his habilitation in Classical Philology at the University of Zurich in the summer of 1864 , where he held lectures from the winter semester of 1864/65. From January 1865, Uhlig also taught as a substitute teacher at the Zurich grammar school. In 1866 he accepted a teaching position at the Aarau Cantonal School , but continued to give lectures in Zurich, where he was appointed associate professor in autumn 1869. After an educational and research trip through Italy and Greece (1869/70), he married Hedwig Maresch in the summer of 1870, to whom he had become engaged two years earlier. One of the couple's son, Carl Uhlig (1872–1938), later became professor of geography at the University of Tübingen .

After seven years, Uhlig's time in Switzerland came to an end: The Baden high school councilor Gustav Wendt , entrusted with the reform of the school system in the Grand Duchy, offered him a position as director of a grammar school. Uhlig agreed and was appointed director of the Grand Ducal Lyceum in Heidelberg on December 22, 1871 . He took office on April 29, 1872 and, in agreement with the school authorities, redesigned the Lyceum based on the Prussian model. During his 26-year tenure, the number of students increased steadily, so that at the end of the 1880s a new building was necessary, which the school moved into in 1894. Besides teaching and school management and its scientific activity continued Uhlig in Heidelberg continued: He held from 1872 philological, from 1876 also educational and teaching courses at the University of Heidelberg from which it August 9, 1872 to associate professor and in 1878 the honorary professor appointed . Uhlig was also entrusted with the further training of the Baden secondary school teachers and senior teachers and with the reorganization of the teaching traineeship (1907). In between he undertook several educational and research trips: 1885 to Paris and England, 1887 to Sweden and Norway, 1889 to Denmark and in the winter of 1894/95 to Italy, Egypt, Palestine and Asia Minor.

Uhlig's public impact was particularly evident through his commitment to maintaining the humanistic grammar school . From the 1880s onwards, he repeatedly intervened in the debate about university entrance qualifications. He countered the opponents of classical education, who called for a reform of the secondary schools according to psychological and pragmatic points of view and a dismantling of traditional language teaching , that school education should only be based on the knowledge of pedagogy , especially the history of education . He also cited his knowledge of foreign school systems as positive and negative examples. Uhlig initiated the “Heidelberg Declaration” against the attacks by the Association of German Realschule Teachers, which appeared in July 1888 and rejected the allegations against the humanistic grammar school. Many other universities followed suit and issued similar statements.

In order to give supporters of classical education a mouthpiece, Uhlig founded the magazine Das humanistische Gymnasium in 1890 together with like-minded people from all over Germany , which he published until the end of his life. Uhlig himself was invited by the Prussian minister of education as a representative of the Baden school system to the December 1890 conference in Berlin, which finally decided that Latin and Greek lessons were no longer necessary to acquire university entrance qualifications. In response to this decision, Uhlig founded the German high school association together with Oskar Jäger and others . In the following years, Uhlig became a member of the board of this association, as editor of the magazine Das humanistische Gymnasium and through numerous memoranda and essays for the preservation of humanistic education. In a review of the first 50 years of the association, Hermann Easter stated: "From the beginning, Gustav Uhlig was the driving force behind all of this, who is therefore rightly to be regarded as the real οἰκιστής of the association and the magazine."

For his services, Uhlig received several awards at home and abroad: in 1872 the Knight's Cross 1st Class of the Order of the Zähringer Löwen , 1890 the Knight's Cross of the Swedish North Star Order , 1891 the Prussian Crown Order 3rd Class, 1896 the Knight's Cross of the Order of Berthold of the first , in 1897 he was appointed Privy Councilor . For health reasons, Uhlig retired as director of the grammar school at Easter 1899. He continued his research work, his public commitment to high schools and his lectures at the university (from 1899 as a full honorary professor) until his death. He traveled several times to Rome and Florence, where he examined manuscripts in the Vatican Library and in the Biblioteca Laurenziana for his edition of the Greek grammarist Apollonios Dyskolos . The critical edition appeared in 1910 after decades of preparatory work and was reprinted in 1965.

During a visit to relatives in Schmiedeberg in the Giant Mountains in June 1914, Uhlig fell ill with pneumonia and died a few days later on June 14, 1914. He was buried on June 16, 1914 at the Heidelberg Bergfriedhof with great public sympathy .

Fonts (selection)

  • Emendationum Apollonianarum specimen . Berlin 1862 (dissertation)
  • Appendix artis Dionysii Thracis from G. Uhligio recensitae . Leipzig 1881
  • with Adalbert Merx : Dionysii Thracis ars grammatica, qualem exemplaria vetustissima exhibent. Subcriptis discrepantiis et testimoniis, quae in codicibus recentioribus scholiis erotematis apud alios scriptores interpretem armenium reperiuntur . Leipzig 1883 ( Grammatici Graeci 1,1)
  • The timetables for grammar schools and secondary schools in the most important countries in Germany . Heidelberg 1883
    • later editions under the title: The timetable for grammar schools, secondary schools and secondary schools without Latin in the most important countries in Germany . 2nd edition 1884. 3rd edition 1891
  • The unified school with a Latin-less substructure . Heidelberg 1892
  • Apollonii Dyscoli de constructione libri quattuor. Recensuit apparatus critico et explanationibus instruxit Gustavus Uhlig. Adiectae sunt tabulae phototypicae duae . Leipzig 1910. Reprint Hildesheim 1965 ( Grammatici Graeci 2.2)
  • The development of the struggle against high school . Vienna / Leipzig 1910

literature

  • Friedrich August Eckstein : Nomenclator philologorum . Leipzig 1871, p. 578
  • Wilhelm Pökel : Philological writer's lexicon . Leipzig 1882, p. 280
  • German biographical yearbook . 1. Volume 1914-1916 (1925), p. 316
  • Eugen Grünwald: Gustav Uhlig . In: The humanistic high school . 25th year (1914), pp. 83-103 (with picture)
  • Eugen Grünwald: To Gustav Uhlig's memory . In: The humanistic high school . 35th year (1924), pp. 1–5
  • Volker Lenhart: Heidelberg University Education in the 19th Century . Heidelberg 1968, pp. 251-263
  • Vinko Hinz: De C. Zangemeisteri vocibus singularibus. A Heidelberg Iocosum from the pen of Gustav Uhlig . In: Gymnasium Volume 120 (2013), pp. 489–499

Web links

Wikisource: Gustav Uhlig  - Sources and full texts
Commons : Gustav Uhlig  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Journal of Construction . Volume 7 (1857), col. 299.
  2. ↑ Eugen Grünwald: Gustav Uhlig . In: The humanistic high school . 25th year (1914), p. 85.
  3. ↑ See the title page of his dissertation Emendationum Apollonianarum specimen : Digitized by the University of California .
  4. ↑ Eugen Grünwald: Gustav Uhlig . In: The humanistic high school . 25th year (1914), p. 86.
  5. ↑ Eugen Grünwald: Gustav Uhlig . In: The humanistic high school . 25th year (1914), pp. 89–91.
  6. ^ Staats-Anzeiger for the Grand Duchy of Baden . Year 1872, no., P. 297
  7. ↑ Eugen Grünwald: Gustav Uhlig . In: The humanistic high school . 25th year (1914), p. 94.
  8. ↑ Eugen Grünwald: Gustav Uhlig . In: The humanistic high school . 25th year (1914), p. 92f.
  9. ↑ Eugen Grünwald: Gustav Uhlig . In: The humanistic high school . 25th year (1914), p. 97.
  10. ↑ The Heidelberg Declaration on the Humanistic Gymnasium in Germany . With a foreword by G. Uhlig. Heidelberg: Winter 1888.
  11. ^ Hermann Easter: For the fiftieth anniversary of our magazine . In: Gymnasium . Volume 50 (1939), pp. 2-9; Quote p. 3.
  12. ↑ Eugen Grünwald: Gustav Uhlig . In: The humanistic high school . 25th year (1914), p. 93.
personal data
SURNAME Uhlig, Gustav
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German classical philologist and grammar school director
DATE OF BIRTH July 9, 1838
PLACE OF BIRTH Gliwice
DATE OF DEATH June 14, 1914
Place of death Schmiedeberg in the Giant Mountains