St. Ansgar Priory (Nütschau)

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View of the manor house in Nütschau, 2008
The Castrum Nutzkcow on a woodcut from 1591

The Priorat St. Ansgar (also Monastery Nütschau called) in Travenbrück in Bad Oldesloe is an independent Benedictine - Priory in the Archdiocese of Hamburg and is one of the Beuron Congregation of.

historical overview

Around 830 a refuge was built on the Trave , surrounded and secured by an earth wall, the Nütschauer Schanze. As part of the Carolingian border fortifications, it was supposed to protect the Limes Saxoniae between the Elbe and Kiel Fjord. This Sachsenwall separated the western, Germanic part from the Slavic eastern part of the country.

Nütschau was first mentioned in 1249 as Nutzikowe . Then in 1271 as Nucekowe and in 1274 as Nutzekowe. In 1343 the Nütschauer mill was given to the Cistercian monastery in Reinfeld as a gift . A manor was built near the historically significant point of the Sachsenwall, which Count Heinrich Rantzau acquired centuries later . He was a humanist, a pioneer of the Reformation and a pioneer of the Renaissance in Schleswig-Holstein . In 1577 he began building the small moated castle, the Castrum Nutzkow , the outer structure of which has remained largely unchanged. The inner moat with drawbridge and forework shown on a contemporary woodcut is no longer there. Up until the transition to church ownership, the manor and the manor house had 28 owners over the centuries.

Foundation of St. Ansgar

During the Ansgar celebration for the 1100th anniversary of the founding of the Diocese of Hamburg in 1931, the abbot and the monks of Gerleve announced that they would set up another Benedictine settlement in northern Germany. But it wasn't until 20 years later that this wish was helped by the fact that Gut Nütschau was offered for sale in Holstein near Bad Oldesloe. Abbot Pius Buddenborg complied with the urgent requests of Archbishop Wilhelm Berning of Osnabrück and the Abbot Primate of the Benedictine Order Bernard Kälin of Rome to send Gerlever monks to establish a cella in Nütschau. Accompanied by Father Cellerar Augustin Hessing, he checked the offered property on November 17, 1950 and determined: Nütschau was well suited for a Benedictine monastery due to its location, the well-rounded property and the structural conditions. On February 3, 1951, the founder of Nütschaus, Archbishop Wilhelm Berning, Bishop of Osnabrück, bought the manor house and remnants in Nütschau for the monks of the St. Joseph Abbey in Gerleve. As the first monk of his monastery, the founding abbot Pius Buddenborg sent Father Michael Bürgers on March 1, 1951, who was soon followed by Father Plazidus Schornstein as dean of the small community and two other monks. The opening of the house of St. Ansgar in Nütschau, initially as a retreat house, of Gerleve Abbey was carried out on May 6, 1951 by the founding abbot Pius Buddenborg. The aim from the beginning was to build a monastery according to the Rule of St. Benedict .

On November 11, 1960, Abbot Pius Buddenborg elevated Nütschau as a priory of St. Ansgar to a priory simplex dependent on Gerleve . As the first prior he introduced Father Amandus Eilermann and the community included eight monks from Gerleve. The monastery of St. Ansgar zu Nütschau was raised to a conventual priory on October 16, 1975 and thus became independent. On January 1, 1979, the convent of this latest monastery founded by the Beuron Benedictine Congregation consisted of eight priest and three brother monks as well as a postulant .

The beginning of the Benedictine Ora et labora in Nütschau in Holstein was under the patronage of the monk-bishop Ansgar.

The mansion

The renaissance building is one of the oldest mansions in the Stormarn district . A stone slab from 1577 on the previous staircase still bears witness to the builder Heinrich Rantzau. The three-gabled house with its simple proportions is a complex of multiple houses , each with a large gable roof, typical for Schleswig-Holstein . Originally built as a fortified structure, the moat was filled in and the drawbridge is no longer there. The interior of the house has also changed completely over the centuries. The middle gable of the three adjoining houses has a slender tower with two bells. The year 1792 is written on the clock face of the tower clock. The three-gabled house is Nütschau's landmark today.

After the first monks moved in in March 1951, Abbot Pius Buddenborg von Gerleve had already designated the small St. Angar Chapel as the center of the castle on May 6, 1951. The eternal light traffic light above the tabernacle comes from the Torretta St. Benedict of Montecassino, which was destroyed in World War II . This bronze lamp with the inscription Emitte lucem tuam et veritatem tuam is a work around 1880 from the Beuron art school of the Beuron Archabbey .

The renovation of the former moated castle, which had been converted into a manor house, began in 1951 and ended in 1953. Further restorations followed from 1964 to 1967 and from 1975 to 1977.

From 1996 the manor house was included in the reorganization of the monastery complex based on a design by the architects Gisberth Hülsmann and Elmar Paul Sommer from Bonn-Monschau. In the first construction phase, the monk cells were demolished and replaced in 1999 by a sturdy new building next to the manor house. The new convent building was inaugurated on May 19, 1999. In the second construction phase, the manor house was gutted and completely renovated by 2006. There are now the communally used rooms, such as the library, the chapter house, the novitiate and cellerariat, the music room, a guest room and a chapel in the manor house. An entrance structure, erected between the old and the new building, connects the two components of the mansion and the convent building on two levels. The most striking and important change in the area of ​​the manor house was the removal of the outside staircase built in the 20th century and the staircase in the hall of the house that adjoins it inside. The new entrance between the two buildings for today's use is reminiscent of the laterally offset original entrance. A new spiral staircase now opens up the floors in connection with a large gallery in the airspace of the hall. The painted oak planks from the time of construction in the new ceiling construction are rich in contrast.

The two houses now stand together as two poles of the new monastery, without losing their respective architectural and historical independence. The open spaces in front of and behind the mansion also make direct reference to the new order imposed by the architecture. The renovated manor house was awarded the Schleswig-Holstein BDA Prize in 2007 .

Economic conditions

From the lands of the noble estate Nütschau of earlier centuries, only 84 hectares of the remaining estate were acquired for the Benedictines on February 3, 1951. About a quarter of this was arable land, another quarter was forest and the remaining areas were used as meadows and pastures. The monks ran the farm, with a focus on cattle farming and dairy farming. Since the stables and barns were insufficient, a spacious utility building was built in 1962. For twenty years the monks tilled, sown and harvested the fields here, kept livestock and drained and meliorated the pastures and meadows. In winter the forest was thinned and storm damage removed. The farmland has been leased since 1971 and the monastery is only responsible for managing the forest. The estate was used as a backdrop for the film Das Mädchen vom Moorhof in 1958 .

The development of the St. Ansgar house

With the extension that began in 1954, which is now the Haus St. Ansgar educational facility, the monks in Nütschau had a retreat house with 30 beds, lecture and dining rooms and a chapel since 1959.

The overall planning of the monastery, church and adult and youth training center Haus St. Ansgar was carried out in 1973 and 1974 according to designs by the Hamburg architect Eduard Frieling. Abbot Clemens Schmeing von Gerleve laid the foundation stone for the extension on April 1, 1974 in the presence of the Bishop of Osnabrück Helmut Hermann Wittler . At the monastery, which has kept its main focus in the old manor house and was expanded in 1981 with a ground floor living area with a hospital room, an area of ​​silence has emerged. It includes the central chapel, the Church of St. Ansgar. The ground plan of the church is a square of seventeen by seventeen meters with a narrower circle lowered by 45 centimeters. The glass painter Siegfried Assmann from Hamburg took on the artistic design . The three-sided colored lead glazing produced by the Oidtmann company from Linnich was created based on his designs. Likewise the altar, the lectern and reredos with tabernacle. The theme of the reredos is taken from the Apocalypse: Christ returning in the middle of the new city of Jerusalem. The lead glazing takes up the colors of the surrounding East Holstein landscape. The blue of the water of the Trave and the sky, the dark of the moor, the light tones of sand, marl and clay, of the moraines and field stones. The colors condense to rainbow tones on the west side and dissolve into the transparency of the light in the reredos. The quiet area for people.

The former inspector's house was converted into the St. Benedikt youth center between 1976 and 1977 and inaugurated on March 21, 1977. In 1990 the youth center was expanded. In the Easter week of 1978 the Salzburg Abbots' Conference held its annual meeting in the Nütschau Monastery. In addition to the Abbot Primate Viktor Josef Dammertz from Rome, 52 abbots from Switzerland, Austria, South Tyrol, Hungary and Germany took part.

prior

Years and names indicate the verifiable mention of prior:

  • November 11, 1960: P. Amandus Eilermann, OSB
  • October 1, 1971: P. Gaudentius Sauermann, OSB
  • 1994: Father Antonius Terstiege, OSB, died shortly afterwards
  • September 5, 1994: P. Leo Overmeyer, OSB
  • January 27, 2015: P. Johannes Tebbe, OSB

literature

  • Johannes von Schröder: Representations of castles and mansions of the duchies of Schleswig-Holstein-Lauenburg, preferably from the 15th and 16th centuries. Hamburg 1862, p. 100f.
  • Peter Hirschfeld: Mansions and castles in Schleswig-Holstein. Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich 1973, p. 56f.
  • Gerleve Abbey: An overview of becoming, growing and working 1904–1974. Lunen 1974 (also as special print: Kloster Nütschau . Benedictine priory St. Ansgar)
  • The Benedictine Abbey of Gerleve: your becoming. Grow and work. The establishment of Sankt Angar in Nütschau / Holstein. Münster 1998, ISBN 3-402-05377-2 , pp. 123-134.
  • Amandus Eilermann: Nütschau . In: The Benedictine monasteries in Lower Saxony, Schleswig-Holstein and Bremen. Germania Benedictina, Volume VI. Northern Germany. St. Ottilien 1979, ISBN 3-88096-606-0 , pp. 386-388.
  • Gaudentius Sauermann: Consecration in Nütschau. BM 51, 1975, pp. 148-150.
  • Gaudentius Sauermann: The establishment of the St. Ansgar Conventual Priory in Nütschau on October 14-16, 1975. BM 52, 1976, pp. 139–141.
  • Deert Lafrenz: manors and manors in Schleswig-Holstein . Published by the State Office for Monument Preservation Schleswig-Holstein, 2015, Michael Imhof Verlag Petersberg, 2nd edition, ISBN 978-3-86568-971-9 , p. 407.
  • Hans-Werner Rickert: Gut Nütschau - from the knight's seat to the Benedictine monastery. A chronicle . Wachholtz, Neumünster 2007, ISBN 978-3-529-06360-2 .

Web links

Commons : Herrenhaus Nütschau  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Lindberg P .: hypotyposis arcium, palatiorum, libroum, pyramiddum ... from Henrico Ranzovio ... conditorum etc. , Hamburg 1591, 47f. and Frankfurt 1592, 66f., (woodcut from the castle).
  2. ^ The establishment of Sankt Ansgar in Nütschau. In: The Benedictine Abbey of Gerleve. 1998 p. 124.
  3. ↑ Nütschau Monastery: Nütschau's foundation . In: Benediktinerpriorat St. Ansgar 1983, pp. 4–5.
  4. ↑ Amandus Eilermann: Nütschau Germania Benedictina, Vol. VI. North Germany 1979, p. 386.
  5. ↑ "Klosterkirche" on kloster-nuetschau.de
  6. ↑ Amandus Eilermann: Nütschau. History of architecture and art. In: Germania Benedictina Vol. VI. Northern Germany. 1979, p. 387.
  7. ↑ Nütschau Monastery: The quiet area, the place of reflection, education and encounter and the church. In: Benedictine Priory St. Ansgar. 1983, pp. 17-19.

Coordinates: 53 ° 49 ′ 21 ″  N , 10 ° 19 ′ 36 ″  E