Gutleuthof

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Main panorama with Gutleuthof , gouache, around 1825

The Gutleuthof was a leprosy hospital that was established in the 13th century and was formerly the largest agricultural fort on the outskirts of Frankfurt am Main . After extensive fire damage from a major fire in the 19th century and a long period of decay that followed, the last remains of the courtyard buildings were demolished in 1978.

history

The Gutleuthof was first mentioned as a Leprosenhof in 1283, which means that lepers were given accommodation, food and treatment here; Leprosy was widespread in Europe in the 13th century. The Gutleuthof was founded by a brotherhood that also gave the neighboring Galgenwarte or Galluswarte its first name (“Wait for the good people”).

Ravenstein plan from 1885: To the east of the Gutleuthof lies Gogels Gut, in the basin of the (planned) Frankfurt Westhafen the former location of the Grindbrunnen, a sulfur-containing spring.

In the vicinity of Gutleuthof, on the site of what is now Frankfurt's West Harbor, there was the “Grindbrunnen” spring , whose sulphurous water was said to have healing properties; it was later relocated to Nice , where it dried up or closed due to pollution.

A chapel , which was probably connected to the leprosy hospital from the beginning , was first mentioned in 1329; the church served the Protestants of the neighboring courts and the communities Niederrad and Griesheim for worship , the churchyard the funerals of members of the community, suicides and those executed. When the Frankfurter Landwehr was built, the courtyard was integrated into the city ​​fortifications and marked its westernmost extension. It was enclosed by a circular wall, had a narrow main gate and a main gate each on the Frankfurt and on the northern side facing the gallows control room.

Over time, the number of people suffering from leprosy had decreased and by the end of the 16th century the disease had almost disappeared in Central Europe. In April 1531 the Gutleuthof was handed over to the newly established municipal alms box . In 1614 the farm temporarily served as a prison to arrest the revolutionaries of the Fettmilch Uprising around Vincenz Fettmilch. Goethe described the farm in poetry and truth and reported about festivals on the pastures, which were celebrated "with all kinds of lust and naughtiness" .

In 1801 a fire destroyed most of the courtyard; Barn , brandy - distillery and the mansion down to the first floor were destroyed. In the period that followed, the building had changing owners. 1870 dissolved the orphanage foundation , the annual lease of the General alms box for 70,000 guilders , but sold the farm three years later for 2,150,000 gold marks to the Hessian Ludwig Railway on.

In 1940, the beverage company Jöst acquired the farm, established a "Frankfurt vineyard " there in 1952 , but gave up the farm in 1971 when it went bankrupt . The farm was then auctioned by a subsidiary of Neue Heimat , but remained unused. In 1978 the dilapidated Gutleuthof was demolished despite the protests of the local council . A year later, the city of Frankfurt bought the site to build the Werner von Siemens vocational school .

The Gutleuthof gave its name to the Gutleutviertel district that emerged at the end of the 19th century . In addition, the streets Gutleuthofweg and Gutleutstraße are reminiscent of the largest agricultural yard in Frankfurt.

literature

  • Helmut Bode: Frankfurt saga treasure. Legendary and fabulous stories from the sources and older collections as well as the Lersner Chronicle, retold by Helmut Bode. Waldemar Kramer publishing house, Frankfurt a. M., second edition 1986, pp. 158-161 ISBN 3-7829-0209-2 .
  • August von Cohausen: Contributions to the history of the fortification of Frankfurt in the Middle Ages , in: Archive for Frankfurt History and Art, Vol. 12, self-published by the Association for History and Antiquity, Frankfurt am Main 1869
  • Rudolf Jung, Julius Hülsen: The architectural monuments of Frankfurt am Main - Volume 3, private buildings . Self-published / Keller, Frankfurt am Main 1914
  • Ursula Neeb: The Infirmary. 1st edition. Societäts-Verlag, 2006, ISBN 978-3-7973-0991-4 . (Roman-like description of life on the Gutleuthof and in Frankfurt in 1506)
  • Hans Pehl: When they once protected the city - Frankfurt's fortified manors . Verlag Josef Knecht, Frankfurt am Main 1978. ISBN 3-7820-0411-6
  • Eduard Pelissier : The Landwehr of the Imperial City of Frankfurt am Main. Topographical-historical investigation. Völcker, Frankfurt am Main 1905

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Wolfgang Klötzer, Wilfried Ehrlich: Sachsenhausen - 1885 and today . Published by Frankfurter Sparkasse from 1882 (Polytechnische Gesellschaft), Frankfurt am Main 1985. Front flyleaf: Plan of Sachsenhausen from a Ravenstein guide . 4th edition 1885
  2. ↑ a b Pehl: When they once protected the city - Frankfurts fortified manors , p. 42
  3. ↑ Pehl: When they once protected the city - Frankfurts fortified manors , p. 41 f.
  4. ↑ Hans-Otto Schembs (Ed.): The general alms box in Frankfurt am Main 1531–1981 . Waldemar Kramer Verlag, Frankfurt 1981, ISBN 3-7829-0243-2 , pp. 136 .
  5. ^ Pehl: When they once protected the city - Frankfurts fortified manors , p. 43


Coordinates: 50 ° 5 '49.6 "  N , 8 ° 38' 52"  E