Hüttenbach (Bavarian Schwarzach)

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Hüttenbach
Section
names : Schnabellohbach → Sägbach → Hüttenbach, formerly also Perlbach
Hüttenbach to melt snow in the Hammergraben

Hüttenbach to melt snow in the Hammergraben

Data
Water code EN : 14622
location Upper Palatinate Forest

Bavaria

River system Danube
Drain over Bavarian Schwarzach  → Schwarzach (Naab)  → Naab  → Danube  → Black Sea
source Southwest slope of the Weingartenfelses , community Schönsee
49 ° 31 '14 "  N , 12 ° 37' 32"  E
Source height approx.  845  m
muzzle south of Perlthal , municipality of Tiefenbach, from the right into the Bavarian Schwarzach Coordinates: 49 ° 27 '2 "  N , 12 ° 36' 12"  E 49 ° 27 '2 "  N , 12 ° 36' 12"  E
Mouth height approx.  497  m
Height difference approx. 348 m
Bottom slope approx. 31 ‰
length 11.1 km
Catchment area 24.59 km²
Right tributaries Altbach

The Hüttenbach is a brook in the Upper Palatinate in Bavaria . It rises near the Czech border as Schnabellohbach in a wooded area of the city of Schönsee in the district of Schwandorf and ends after an 11 km long, quite accurately southern pass through two counties and four municipalities with two name changes before the capital of the municipality Tiefenbach in district Cham from left in the Bavarian Schwarzach .

Surname

The Hüttenbach changes its name twice on its course, and on its lower course it even bears two competing names.

On the upper reaches, where numerous side branches run to it in the swampy Schnabellohe forest area of the city of Schönsee, it is called Schnabellohbach . After crossing the municipal area of Stadlern until shortly after the tobacco mill on Weidinger parish land , it is then called Sägbach. Under this name it passes the former sawmill Sägmühle . Shortly before Löwenthal , the former mill ditch of the Löwenthal mill branches off to the left. Before this mill town, the Hüttenbach merges with the Altbach coming from the northwest to form the Hüttenbach . Immediately after Löwenthal on the district border with the municipality of Tiefenbach in the district of Cham, the Mühlgraben flows back into the Hüttenbach. Shortly afterwards the Hüttenbach flows past the Hüttensäge , another former sawmill. The stream flows under this final name, Hüttenbach.

The place names of the Hüttensäge and the following wasteland Hammerthal on the shore preserve the memory of the iron and later glassworks on the Hüttenbach. The last settlement on the course is the Perlthal wasteland , the name of which comes from the fact that pearls were grown in the brook in the past, which is why the lower section of the brook is also called Perlbach .

course

The highest source of the Hüttenbach, initially known as Schnabellohbach , is located in the area of ​​the municipality of Schönsee at around 845  m above sea level. NHN near a warped forest path crossing between the two elevations of the Weingartenfels in the northeast and the summit of the Reichenstein with the Reichenstein castle ruins in the southwest, just over half a kilometer away . The young brook initially runs westwards downhill through the Schnabellohe , after about a kilometer it takes up a few smaller tributaries in a shallower, partly sparse wetland and turns into a very precisely south-westerly course, which only curves slightly to the west.

After passing under the state road 2159 Schönsee – Stadlern, it first leads through the again densely wooded Kerbtal Hexenlohe , after which it enters the flat cleared island of the municipality of Stadlern via the city limits . There he passes the spindle mill and the Bemmerl mill, one after the other, past the eponymous main town on the left slope, and finally the Stadlermühle and the tobacco mill under re-wooded lower slopes . Then it crosses the border to the community of Weiding , where it first moves through the dense forest and is called Sägbach .

The town of Cäcilienthal used to stand on the left bank, which has gone. After the valley floor has reopened, it passes the community's desert sawmill , then Andreasthal . To the south of Andreasthal, the mill ditch of the former Löwenthal mill branches off to the left. The brook itself soon flows with its most important tributary, the Altbach , which has recently merged from the two long upper courses Röthelbach and Mühlbach , which arise on the right slope beyond the parish village of Weiding, to form the lower course now known as Hüttenbach . The Mühlgraben also flows a little downwards at Löwenthal into the Hüttenbach, which then crosses the border to the municipality of Tiefenbach in the Cham district.

In this the valley floor around the hut saw is partly filled with forest. Below the Hüttensäge in the valley, the Mühlgraben branches off to the left of the Hammerthal mill wasteland , which is used today (2017) to generate electricity. It flows back into the stream at Hammerthal. Behind Hammerthal, the Hüttenbach leaves the forest behind. The stream then crosses the church village of Schönau , the largest place on its banks. Behind it he passes the wasteland of Perlthal . A good half a kilometer down from it the Hüttenbach flows from the right and finally north-northwest at about 497  m above sea level. NHN in the Bavarian Schwarzach , the length and partial catchment area of ​​which comes very close to the Hüttenbach line.

history

Hammer, huts, sawmills and mills on the Hüttenbach

Since the 14th century there have been iron hammers, mills, saw mills, glassworks and glass grinding at Schnabellohbach and Hüttenbach. Most of these businesses perished by the 19th and early 20th centuries. A mill worked in Schönau until the 1970s. Some companies use the hydropower of the Hüttenbach to generate electricity today .

  • An iron hammer in the Hüttenbachtal near Schönau is mentioned for the first time in the 14th century.
  • In 1680 a glassworks was mentioned in Schönau.
  • In the 17th century there was an iron hammer in Hammerthal.
  • From 1758 to 1902 the Kolb family owned a glass ribbon at Hüttenbach in Jägerleiten near Schönau.
  • In 1792 there was a grinder and sawmill in Schönau am Hüttenbach.
  • The sawmill at Hüttenbach was mentioned in 1792 as a grinding and sawmill with the owner Andreas Rohrmüller, belonging to Weiding.
  • The Stadlermühle am Hüttenbach was mentioned in 1792.
  • The name Tabakmühle refers to the tobacco factory in Stadlern that existed in 1809.

Pearl cultivation in Hüttenbach

In 1729 the owner of the Tiefenbach estate, Mr. Johann Wolfgang Erdenreich, found the first pearls in Hüttenbach. The names Perlbach for the Hüttenbach and Perlthal for the lower Hüttenbachtal come from this time. Pearl fishing was strictly regulated by Karl Albrecht, Duke of Bavaria personally. To deter thieves, three gallows were set up along the stream, each with an electoral coat of arms and with the following inscription: “That no one should venture into entering Sothanen Bach in the event of life and death. - Anyone who damages or steals pearl mussels is severely punished; on the other hand, those who brought it up were rewarded with 5 - 12 guilders. ” However, since the banks of the Hüttenbach were overgrown with dense forest and bushes, theft could not be prevented. Pearls were only fished every two years to allow that time to mature. In 1731 588 pearls were found, 1733 839 pearls. The Austrian War of Succession and the fight against Franz Freiherr von der Trenck and his Pandurs prevented pearl fishing for several years. In 1773, 2,125 pearls were found in Hüttenbach and adjacent waters. After that, pearl fishing declined and was eventually abandoned.

Tributaries

From the source to the mouth. Selection.

Especially in the valley section between Stadlern and Löwenthal, the Hüttenbach is fed from the left and right by several small unnamed streams. The brooks that flow from the left arise east of the Hüttenbach on the western slope of the Stadlerberg, in the Säglohe and in the Hochschlag. The brooks that flow from the right arise west of the Hüttenbach on the slopes of the Reichenberg massif, in the Dachsbau and on the slopes of the Kleeberg. Usually these are only small rivulets, but in spring when the snowmelts and in early summer during violent thunderstorms they can lead to larger amounts of water in the valley.

  • Altbach (in the upper reaches: Röthelbach) from the right between Andreasthal and Löwenthal.
  • from the right an unnamed, about three kilometers long stream coming from the Wirthsmühle .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Course and catchment area of ​​the Hüttenbach
  2. ↑ a b Length and catchment area according to: Directory of stream and river areas in Bavaria - Naab river area, page 135 of the Bavarian State Office for the Environment, as of 2016 (PDF; 4.0 MB)
  3. ↑ Name Perlbach on the detailed map with the layer added Historical map from: BayernAtlas of the Bavarian State Government ( information )
  4. ↑ Historical Atlas of Bavaria: Altbayern series I issue 61: Oberviechtach pp. 208, 229
  5. ↑ http://www.umweltatlas.bayern.de/mapapps/resources/apps/lfu_fgn_ftz/index.html?lang=de&layers=service_fgn_vt2,service_fgn_vt7&extent=4464954,4557192,5429868,5543912,31468
  6. ↑ Fritsch hiking map of the Upper Bavarian Forest, nature park , scale 1: 50,000
  7. ^ Teresa Guggenmoos: From the history of the Schönseer country. In: Heribert Batzl (ed.): The district of Oberviechtach in the past and present. Publishing house for authorities and economy R. Alfred Hoeppner, Aßling / Obb. and Munich 1970, p. 95.
  8. ^ Teresa Guggenmoos: From the history of the Schönseer country. In: Heribert Batzl (ed.): The district of Oberviechtach in the past and present. Publishing house for authorities and economy R. Alfred Hoeppner, Aßling / Obb. and Munich 1970, pp. 95-124.
  9. ↑ http://geoportal.bayern.de/energieatlas-karten/?wicket-crypt=3H7SkdAneJw&theme=500
  10. ^ Teresa Guggenmoos: From the history of the Schönseer country. In: Heribert Batzl (ed.): The district of Oberviechtach in the past and present. Publishing house for authorities and economy R. Alfred Hoeppner, Aßling / Obb. and Munich 1970, p. 111.
  11. ^ Teresa Guggenmoos: From the history of the Schönseer country. In: Heribert Batzl (ed.): The district of Oberviechtach in the past and present. Publishing house for authorities and economy R. Alfred Hoeppner, Aßling / Obb. and Munich 1970, p. 114.
  12. ↑ Historical Atlas of Bavaria: Altbayern series I issue 61: Oberviechtach p. 5
  13. ^ Teresa Guggenmoos: From the history of the Schönseer country. In: Heribert Batzl (ed.): The district of Oberviechtach in the past and present. Publishing house for authorities and economy R. Alfred Hoeppner, Aßling / Obb. and Munich 1970, p. 112.
  14. ↑ Historical Atlas of Bavaria: Altbayern series I issue 61: Oberviechtach p. 107
  15. ↑ Historical Atlas of Bavaria: Altbayern series I issue 61: Oberviechtach p. 108
  16. ↑ Historical Atlas of Bavaria: Altbayern series I issue 61: Oberviechtach p. 175
  17. ^ Teresa Guggenmoos: From the history of the Schönseer country. In: Heribert Batzl (ed.): The district of Oberviechtach in the past and present. Publishing house for authorities and economy R. Alfred Hoeppner, Aßling / Obb. and Munich 1970, p. 120.
  18. ^ Paulinus Fröhlich: Weiding bei Schönsee contributions to the history of the place. Weiding 1956, pp. 71-73
  19. ^ Teresa Guggenmoos: From the history of the Schönseer country. In: Heribert Batzl (ed.): The district of Oberviechtach in the past and present. Publishing house for authorities and economy R. Alfred Hoeppner, Aßling / Obb. and Munich 1970, p. 110.
  20. ↑ Map of the waters of the Bavarian Environmental Atlas

Web links

Commons : Hüttenbach  - Collection of images, videos and audio files