Tannenbusch HICOG settlement

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HICOG settlement Tannenbusch (2007)
Tannenbusch HICOG settlement and Tannenbusch dune, aerial photo (2014)

The Tannenbusch HICOG settlement is a settlement in the Tannenbusch district of Bonn , which was built in 1951 for employees of the US High Commission (HICOG). It stands as a monument under monument protection .

location

The HICOG settlement is located in the Alt-Tannenbusch settlement area on the southern edge and on two sides of the " Tannenbusch dune ", an inland dune , the elevated part of which is designated as a nature reserve. It includes the streets Im Tannenbusch and Hohe Straße . The railway line on the left bank of the Rhine runs to the south and is separated from the settlement by sports facilities and commercial areas.

history

After Bonn became the seat of government of the Federal Republic of Germany in 1949 , the US High Commission, as the service of the High Commissioner of Germany (HICOG) and part of the Allied High Commission, initially took its seat in Frankfurt am Main . At the end of 1950 the decision was made to completely relocate the US High Commission to the Bonn enclave and to set up its headquarters in the Bad Godesberger Deichmannsaue . While the housing project initiated for this purpose was to be implemented for the American employees of the High Commission in Bad Godesberg ( HICOG settlement Plittersdorf ), the city of Bonn offered to provide a plot of land for apartments for German employees. The choice fell on a former military training area in the Tannenbusch, the area of ​​which was owned by the federal government. A working group consisting of the Munich architect Sep Ruf (overhead management) and the Frankfurt architects Otto Apel , Rudolf Letocha, William Rohrer and Martin Herdt (execution) was commissioned with the planning and design of the estate and the American technician was on hand. The planning of the open spaces was in the hands of the garden architect Heinrich Raderschall . The architects did not receive any specifications from the client , the US high commission, for the architectural and urban development .

The groundbreaking ceremony for the Tannenbusch estate took place on April 19, 1951. At the beginning of November, the first buildings were ready for occupancy, and construction work was officially completed on December 7, 1951 after around eight months. As agreed, building permits were not obtained in order not to jeopardize compliance with the high commission's move date. A structurally identical settlement with the same number of apartments, also for the German employees of the high commission, was realized under the direction of the same architects between the Bad Godesberg district of Muffendorf and the Pennenfeld ( HICOG-Siedlung Muffendorf ). The high-rise (Im Tannenbusch 3) erected in the Tannenbusch settlement was the first high-rise in Bonn at the time . To cope with the population growth triggered by the construction of the settlement, a school (today "Paulus School" / "Elsa Brändström School") was also built southeast of the settlement in 1951/52 , the construction of which was financed by the USA. The estate became the property of the Federal Republic of Germany as soon as it was completed. Since the dissolution of the Allied High Commission (1955), the living space has been made available in particular for the employees of the federal authorities based in Bonn.

In 1995 the settlement as a whole, including the interior, was placed under monument protection. In 1999 the gable roofs of all houses with the exception of the two dormitories were re-covered. The property is owned by the Federal Agency for Real Estate Tasks , which entrusted a real estate company with property management in 2012 . More recently (as of 2013) there has been an increased vacancy rate , which is attributed to a backlog of renovations - especially in the case of the two dormitories - and to some extent to the difficult marketing of the apartments due to the monument protection.

architecture

general structure

In terms of its structure and size, the settlement is largely identical to the HICOG settlement Muffendorf / Pennenfeld , but its topographical location and access method give it a different character. It comprises five different house types, including a high-rise, and contains 412 apartments. The settlement is laid out asymmetrically and is accessed via a street loop (Im Tannenbusch), the course of which is considered an essential, positive feature of the overall complex. The houses are grouped into close neighborhoods, between which there are extensive, partly tree-covered green areas. The change between different structures, facade structures (closed, open, glazed) and the open spaces lead to a loosening up and establish the urban and architectural quality of the settlement.

House types

The center of the complex is the eleven-story, over 30 m high high-rise, which is designed as a point building on an H-shaped floor plan . The lower floor accommodates shops, offices and practice rooms. The floors above, the uppermost of which was designed as a strolling level for the residents, each comprise eight one-room apartments and are supported by a plinth that protrudes from the facade and consists of pylons that taper downwards . Another storey residential type of settlement is five storeys and is at one longitudinal side of arcades opened are arranged along which hallway, kitchen and bathroom. On the opposite facade there are continuous balconies and window openings that are only interrupted by the grid of load-bearing walls and ceilings. Two other house types are two-storey row houses and row houses with gable roofs . This includes couples intended for families , which include three and four-room apartments, as well as two dormitories ("bachelor houses" / "dormitories"). In the latter, four single rooms with kitchen and living room are accessed through a glazed portico. A unique type of house is the so-called "butterfly building". It has a flat roof and consists of two parts, which are connected by an open staircase and accessed through a central corridor that widens towards the center of the building.

Apartments

The 412 apartments in the settlement were originally divided into 120 two-room apartments, 104 one-room apartments including bathroom and kitchen, 100 three-room apartments, 48 ​​one-room apartments with communal kitchens for six tenants each, and 40 four-room apartments. The house types are generally assigned their own type of apartment, the high-rise and the butterfly house have a common one, and the couples have two types. The area of ​​the apartments was between 10 and 18% larger than comparable accommodations built in West Germany at the time of construction. All units were equipped with built-in furniture and kitchens . The two bachelor houses were originally separated for men and women, some of the two-room apartments were intended for two HICOG employees each to live in.

"The HICOG settlements [Tannenbusch and Muffendorf] are among the outstanding early housing projects in Germany thanks to their urban development and architectural quality (...)."

- Andreas Denk : (1997)

"The relatively large apartments for that time and the close relationship between architecture and spacious green areas into which the residential buildings were systematically integrated resulted in the high quality of living in the settlement, which has not lost any of its validity today."

- Kerstin Kähling : (1999)

literature

  • Helmut Vogt : Guardians of the Bonn Republic: The Allied High Commissioners 1949–1955 . Verlag Ferdinand Schöningh, Paderborn 2004, ISBN 3-506-70139-8 , pp. 111-113.
  • Kerstin Kähling: The HICOG housing estate in Bonn-Tannenbusch. A contribution to the settlement and urban development of the post-war period . In: Udo Mainzer (Ed.): Yearbook of the Rheinische Denkmalpflege. Research and reports , Volume 38, Rheinland-Verlag, Cologne 1999, ISBN 3-7927-1700-X , pp. 45-110. (also Verlag Butzon & Bercker, Kevelaer 1999, ISBN 3-7666-0177-6 )
  • Andreas Denk , Ingeborg flag : Architectural guide Bonn . Dietrich Reimer Verlag, Berlin 1997, ISBN 3-496-01150-5 , pp. 79/80.

Web links

Commons : HICOG-Siedlung Tannenbusch  - Collection of pictures

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ List of monuments of the city of Bonn (as of March 15, 2019), p. 26, number A 3139
  2. ↑ Ursel and Jürgen Zänker: Building in Bonn room 49-69. Attempt to take stock . In: Landschaftsverband Rheinland (Hrsg.): Art and antiquity on the Rhine . Guide to the Rheinisches Landesmuseum Bonn . No. 21 . Rheinland-Verlag, Düsseldorf 1969, p. 43/44 .
  3. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l Kerstin Kähling: The HICOG settlement in Bonn-Tannenbusch. A contribution to the settlement and urban development of the post-war period .
  4. ↑ a b Helmut Vogt: Guardian of the Bonn Republic. The Allied High Commissioners 1949–1955.
  5. ↑ The tenant complains: “A pearl is being ruined here” . General-Anzeiger, August 16, 2012
  6. ↑ Even the furniture is a listed building . General-Anzeiger, August 10, 2013
  7. ↑ Renovation backlog and vacancy in the HICOG estate . General-Anzeiger, September 24, 2013
  8. ↑ a b c Ingeborg Flagge, Andreas Denk: Architectural Guide Bonn


Coordinates: 50 ° 44 '37 "  N , 7 ° 3' 32.6"  E