HMS Alliance (P417)
 The Alliance in the Royal Navy Submarine Museum
|
||||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||||
The HMS Alliance ( ship identification P417, later S67) is a submarine of the Royal Navy that the Amphion class belongs, also known as A-class or as Acheron is called class. The Amphion- class submarines were designed for use in the Far East , where the size of the Pacific Ocean made long range, high surface speed and relative comfort for the crew important features to allow for much larger patrol areas and longer periods at sea, when the British submarines stationed in the Atlantic or the Mediterranean needed it.
The Alliance was one of seven A-class boats equipped with a snorkel - these were attached until 1949. It was on 13 March 1945 in the yard of Vickers Armstrong in Barrow-in-Furness , the only submarine shipyard Britain, to put Kiel , ran - as the identical aurochs - on 28 July 1945 from the stack was and Completed on May 13, 1947. As with all Amphion- class boats , their name begins with the letter A.
The submarine is the only surviving specimen of the class and has been a museum ship since 1981 .
construction
Like all Amphion- class submarines , the Alliance had a displacement of 1,360 tons on the surface and 1,590 tons underwater. She had a total length of 89.46 m, a width of 6.81 m and a draft of 5.51 m. The submarine was powered by two Admiralty ML eight-cylinder diesel engines, each with an output of 2,150 PS (1,600 kW). It also contained four electric motors, each with an output of 625 hp (466 kW), that powered two shafts. It could bunker a maximum of 219 tons of diesel, but usually took between 159 and 165 tons.
The submarine had a maximum surface speed of 18.5 knots (34.3 km / h) and an underwater speed of 8 knots (15 km / h). Submerged, it could travel 90 nautical miles (170 km) at 3 knots (5.6 km / h) or 16 nautical miles (30 km) at 8 knots (15 km / h). When surfaced, it was able to cover 15,200 nautical miles (28,200 km) at 10 knots (19 km / h) or 10,500 nautical miles (19,400 km) at 11 knots (20 km / h). The Alliance was equipped with ten torpedo tubes (21 inches, 53.3 cm), a 10.2 cm naval gun (QF, 4 inches, Mk XXIII), a 2.0 cm machine gun from Oerlikon, and a British Vickers machine gun ( .303 ) equipped. The torpedo tubes were attached to the bow and stern , and there were twenty torpedoes on board. The crew consisted of sixty men.
Mission history
From October 9, 1947 to November 8, the Alliance undertook an extensive test drive in the Atlantic off the coast of Africa to examine the performance limits of the snorkel, while remaining submerged for 30 days.
Between 1958 and 1960 the Alliance was extensively modernized by removing the deck gun and outer torpedo tubes, streamlining the hull, and replacing the rudder with a larger (8.08 m high) and more streamlined one made of aluminum. The aim of these modifications was to make the submarine quieter and faster underwater. After the modifications, the radio antenna was mounted on a frame behind the rudder; but was later replaced by a whip antenna on the starboard side of the rudder, which could be hydraulically rotated to a horizontal position.
The original access door to the cannon was retained, however, so that the Alliance could be re-equipped with a small-bore deck gun in the early 1960s during the Konfrontasi , a conflict between Indonesia and Malaysia that lasted from 1963 to 1966.
In May 1961, the ship identifications of British submarines were changed so that all submarines completed after World War II were numbered in ascending order from S01 and the Alliance was given the number S67.
On January 13, 1968 she ran aground on a ledge of the Bembridge ledge off the Isle of Wight , but was then made afloat again with the help of tugs . On or about September 30, 1971, a fatal battery explosion occurred on board in Portland .
From 1973 to 1979 she was the Dolphin's static training boat . The Dolphin is the mainland-based training facility for British submarine crews. Previously, the tabard had this role.
In August 1979 she was towed to the Vosper Ship Repairers Limited shipyard in Southampton to reinforce her keel. This was necessary in order to be able to lift them out of the water and erect them as a memorial to the British submarine men who died in the service. The submarine has been a museum ship since 1981, on display at the Royal Navy Submarine Museum in Gosport .
Although listed as part of the National Historic Fleet, up to 100 pigeons had nested in the submarine in recent years, resulting in significant corrosion damage. It also stood on supports above seawater, which contributed to the corrosion problems and prevented easy and economical maintenance of its exterior. Urgent repairs were required and 30 May 2011 it was announced that the Alliance a grant of 11 million pounds from a national lottery is obtained. The Alliance would receive £ 3.4 million to repair its bow and stern and tackle widespread corrosion on the surface. The restoration should also include the reclamation of land under and next to the Alliance by building a dam. This provides easy access for future maintenance work and a new viewing platform for visitors, as the tower and the hull have also been provided with openings. A new gallery from the Alliance is also part of the project to ensure that visitors are properly assessing the importance of this submarine and what it stands for.
The restoration was completed in March 2014 and the submarine was opened to visitors at the Royal Navy Submarine Museum in April.
Popular culture
In 2017 the submarine was seen in the movie " Transformers: The Last Knight " and appeared to be a transformer itself.
literature
- Colledge, JJ; Warlow, Ben (2006) [1969]. Ships of the Royal Navy: The Complete Record of all Fighting Ships of the Royal Navy (Rev. ed.). London: Chatham Publishing. ISBN 978-1-86176-281-8 .
- Lambert, John; Hill, David (1986). The Submarine Alliance. Anatomy of the Ship. London, UK: Conway Maritime Press. ISBN 0-85177-380-X .
- Mealing, Bob (2014). HMS Alliance. Stroud, Gloucestershire: The History Press. ISBN 978-1-84165-547-5 .
Footnotes
- ^ Paul Akermann (November 1, 2002). Encyclopedia of British Submarines 1901-1955. Periscope Publishing Ltd. P. 422. ISBN 978-1-904381-05-1 .
- ^ "Acheron class". World Naval Ships, Cranston Fine Arts.
- ↑ Lambert, John; Hill, David (1986). The Submarine Alliance. Anatomy of the Ship. London, p. 31
- ^ "HMS Alliance", from The Heritage Trail , [1] , accessed August 24, 2019.
- ^ "Deaths" Wellingborough School magazine. No. 77. 1972. p. 29.
- ↑ jbryce1437 (February 20, 2011). "HMS Alliance". Worldnavalships.com
- ^ Sunday Mirror, May 5, 2002.
- ^ "Funding of £ 11m for UK heritage projects". BBC News. May 30, 2011.
- ^ "Portsmouth naval life exhibition opens to public". BBC News. 3rd April 2014.