Hałcnów

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Hałcnów
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Hałcnów (Poland)
Hałcnów
Hałcnów
Basic data
State : Poland
Voivodeship : Silesia
Powiat : Bielsko-Biała
Gmina : Bielsko-Biała
Area : 13.5  km²
Geographic location : 49 ° 51 '  N , 19 ° 6'  E Coordinates: 49 ° 50 '59 "  N , 19 ° 5' 31"  E
Residents : 7747 (December 31, 2006)
Telephone code : (+48) 33
License plate : SB



overview

Hałcnów (Alznerisch Alza ; German Alzen or Alzenau ) is a district ( Osiedle ) of Bielsko-Biała in the Silesian Voivodeship in Poland .

geography

Hałcnów is located about 4 km northeast of the city center.

Historically, Hałcnów had an area of ​​about 1011 (835 municipality + 176 manor) ha . The current part of the city has 1,350.91 hectares.

  • Historic Hałcnów (orange)

  • Today's districts (Osiedla)

history

The place was first mentioned in 1404 as Halcznow , then as Halschnowa (1436), Halsznow (by Jan Długosz , 1470 to 1480). The name is a phonetic-morphological adaptation of the originally German (although never mentioned in the Middle Ages) name Alzenau ( Alzen with the suffix -au) in the Polish language.

Politically, the village originally belonged to the Duchy of Auschwitz under feudal rule of the Kingdom of Bohemia . In 1457 the duchy and the village were bought by Poland and mentioned as Halcznow . From 1564 the village belonged to the Silesia District of the Krakow Voivodeship .

During the Reformation , a Reformed community with its own house of prayer was founded there. This municipality was dissolved in the course of the Counter-Reformation in 1648, although the Counter-Reformation in the second half of the 17th century was quite moderate compared to Silesia. Around 1680 the owner of the village (a Roman Catholic of Jewish origin) gave the pastor Roland from Wiatowice permission to visit the village. Calvinism survived in Hałcnów for another century: around 1750, pastor Józef Milecki from Wiatowice held a prayer in the Krzemionki Forest . In 1706 the Jesuits came to the city of Biala and visited the neighboring villages. In 1769 Biala became the seat of the Generality of the Bar Confederation ("the first Polish national uprising"). About 300 Calvinists fled from the neighboring village of Kozy to the Kingdom of Prussia , which greatly weakened Calvinism in the area.

During the first partition of Poland in 1772, Hałcnów became part of the new Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria of the Habsburg Empire (from 1804). After the abolition of patrimonial it formed a municipality in the district and judicial district of Biała from 1850 .

It belonged to the Bielitz-Biala language island . In contrast to the neighboring Kunzendorf / Lipnik, it was purely Roman Catholic and long peasant. The autochthons were almost exclusively German-speaking and the specific local German dialect was spoken there until 1945. Around the middle of the 19th century, Poles also came, mostly from Podhale , who constituted about 20% of the population.

In 1900 the village had 2,669 inhabitants, they were predominantly German-speaking (74.4%), 25.4% were Polish-speaking, 99.4% were Roman Catholic, there were eleven (0.4%) Jews and six of other faiths .

In the early 20th century, a dispute between Poles and Germans took place over the language of the church and the official name of the parish. The official name was even considered in the Galician Parliament by Stanisław Stojałowski, among others .

In 1918, after the end of the First World War and the collapse of the Austro-Hungarian monarchy, Hałcnów became part of Poland. This was only interrupted by the occupation of Poland by the Wehrmacht in World War II .

In 1921 the community had 308 houses with 2692 inhabitants, 1786 of them Germans, 900 Poles, 6 Jews, 2679 Roman Catholic, 3 Protestant, 1 other Christian, 9 Israelite.

Hałcnów was incorporated into the city of Bielsko-Biała in 1977.

Web links

Commons : Hałcnów  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c Rada Miejska w Bielsku-Białej: Program rewitalizacji obszarów miejskich w Bielsku-Białej na lata 2007–2013. (PDF) December 7, 2007, pp. 9–10 , accessed on May 21, 2015 (Polish).
  2. ↑ a b hałcnowski i bielsko-bialska wyspa językowa. Dziedzictwo językowe Rzeczypospolitej, 2014, accessed October 12, 2014 (Polish).
  3. ↑ a b Ludwig Patryn (ed): Community encyclopedia of the kingdoms and countries represented in the Imperial Council, edited on the basis of the results of the census of December 31, 1900, XII. Galicia , Vienna 1907.
  4. ^ Paweł Mostowik: Z dziejów Księstwa Oświęcimskiego i Zatorskiego XII-XVI w . Toruń 2005, ISBN 83-7441-175-9 , Aneks. Miejscowości ziemi oświęcimsko-zatorskiej, p. 160 (Polish).
  5. ^ Idzi Panic (editor): Bielsko-Biała. Monografia miasta . 2nd Edition. I. Bielsko od zarania do wybuchu wojen śląskich. Dzieje miasta w czasach prehistorycznych iw średniowieczu. Wydział Kultury i Sztuki Urzędu Miejskiego w Bielsku-Białej, Bielsko-Biała 2011, ISBN 978-83-60136-31-7 , Zaplecze osadnicze Bielska, p. 213 (Polish).
  6. ^ Henryk Borek (ed.): Słownik etymologiczny nazw geograficznych Śląska . 4 (H-Ki). Państwowe Wydawnictwo Naukowe, Warszawa - Wrocław 1988, ISBN 83-01-07934-7 , Hasło: Hałcnów, p. 5 (Polish).
  7. ^ Krzysztof Rafał Prokop: Księstwa oświęcimskie i zatorskie wobec Korony Polskiej w latach 1438-1513. Dzieje polityczne . PAU , Kraków 2002, ISBN 83-8885731-2 , p. 151 (Polish).
  8. ↑ Hałcnowskie ślady w okresie reformacji i kontrreformacji . December 11, 2010.
  9. ↑ a b Grzegorz Wnętrzak: Stosunki polityczne i narodowościowe na pograniczu Śląska Cieszyńskiego i Galicji zachodniej w latach 1897-1920 . Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek, Toruń 2014, ISBN 978-83-7780-882-5 , p. 187-188 (Polish).
  10. ↑ Główny Urząd Statystyczny: Skorowidz miejscowości Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej. Województwo krakowskie i Śląsk Cieszyński . Warszawa 1925, p. 13 (Polish, Woj.krakowskie i Sląsk Cieszynski miejscowości.pdf ).
  11. ^ Idzi Panic (editor): Bielsko-Biała. Monografia miasta . 2nd Edition. IV. Bielsko-Biała w latach 1918–2009. Wydział Kultury i Sztuki Urzędu Miejskiego w Bielsku-Białej, Bielsko-Biała 2011, ISBN 978-83-60136-26-3 , Bielsko-Biała w Polsce Ludowej 1945–1990. Administracja i samorząd miejski, p. 408-409 (Polish).