Heinrich Bulthaupt

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Heinrich Bulthaupt

Heinrich Alfred Bulthaupt (born October 26, 1849 in Bremen , † August 20, 1905 in Bremen) was a German author .

biography

education and profession

Bulthaupt was the son of the Bremen teacher Friedrich Heinrich Bulthaupt, headmaster of the Bulthauptschule named after him in the Neustadt and the teacher Marie Lippmann (1820–1876). He studied law at the Julius Maximilians University of Würzburg , the Georg-August University of Göttingen , the Humboldt University of Berlin and the University of Leipzig and already appeared as a dramatist during his studies. After his doctorate as Dr. jur. in 1872 he did not initially work as a lawyer, but went to Kiev as a tutor . From there he traveled to the Middle East , Tunis , Italy and Greece .

At the age of 26 he returned to Bremen and worked there as a lawyer for four years without his practical interest in the theater diminishing. In 1879 Bulthaupt became head of the city library, today's State and University Library in Bremen , whose holdings he systematically expanded. He took an active part in the cultural life of his hometown and was involved in the organization of celebrations in the concert hall Die Glocke . Bulthaupt's writing activity increasingly shifted to a theoretical discussion of the theater. In 1892 he received the title of professor . In the last years of his life he was also discussed as director of the Vienna Burgtheater and remained a sought-after speaker and publicist until his death at the age of 55.

Artistic activity

Heinrich Bulthaupt's first play was the tragedy Saul , written in Iambus , which he had already started to write as a high school student and which premiered in his hometown in 1870. It was followed by a Corsican tragedy in the style of a bourgeois tragedy . Among his later tragedies, Die Arbeiter (1877) stands out, an attempt to deal with social issues of the present day. Heinrich Bulthaupt also dared to adapt dramas from world literature. He completed Schiller's fragment Die Malteser (1883) and edited Shakespeare's Cymbeline (under the title Imogen , 1885) and Timon of Athens ( Timon von Athen , 1892). However, Bulthaupt had his greatest successes as a dramatist with two small comedies , both one-act plays , which were often played on German stages at the end of the 19th century. On the one hand, there was Die Copisten (1875), the story of a young girl who copied the works of great painters in a picture gallery. An older art professor attests that she has a lack of talent because she is a woman and should swing the wooden spoon rather than the brush. She admires a painting by the professor and falls in love with him. On the other hand, Bulthaupt wrote the comedy Living Pictures (1880), the plot of which already has a more complex structure. The visual arts lead to love again: a young couple recreates silent snapshots (“living images”) and comes closer through physical contact. Bulthaupt's interest in music theater was reflected in several libretti that were set to music by well-known contemporaries such as Max Bruch and Georg Schumann . The opera in one act Kain , which has influences from modern psychology (composer: Eugen d'Albert ), and the romantic opera Das Käthchen von Heilbronn (composer: Carl Martin Reinthaler ) deserve special mention . Bulthaupt's form-conscious poetry ( Durch Frost und Gluten , 1877) also attracted attention from his contemporaries, while his short stories were accused of a lack of originality.

Scientific activity

Heinrich Bulthaupt gained great recognition for his writings on theater theory, which today, however, are largely considered out of date. His main work is the dramaturgy of the drama in four volumes based on the Hamburg dramaturgy and developed over several years . In it he proves to be a strict opponent of the emerging naturalism . In the first volume he analyzes the dramas of Lessing , Goethe , Schiller and Kleist . In the second volume he devotes himself exclusively to Shakespeare and then in the third volume the theatrical works of Grillparzer , Hebbel , Otto Ludwig , Karl Gutzkow and Heinrich Laube and outlines the development of German drama up to the present day. Finally, the fourth volume is dedicated to the dramas by Henrik Ibsen , Ernst von Wildenbruch , Hermann Sudermann and Gerhart Hauptmann . The German Theater Lexicon of 1889 notes on Bulthaupt's recently published dramaturgy of the classics (under this title the first two volumes of the dramaturgy of the drama were initially published): “A refreshing work for every educated theater-goer, which is not on the deceptive basis of the study lamp abstract art laws, but emerged from living contact with the world-important boards. ”Heinrich Bulthaupt was also the first non-musician to write a dramaturgy for the opera - about Christoph Willibald Gluck , Richard Wagner and his predecessors.

Honors

Works

Prose and poetry

  • By frost and gluten. Poems. Wroclaw 1877
  • The young monk. Novellette in songs. North 1879
  • Four novellas. Dresden 1888
  • Ganymede. Novella. Wroclaw 1897

Dramas

  • Saul. Tragedy. Leipzig 1871 (Premiere 1870)
  • A Corsican tragedy. Civil tragedy in 3 acts. Leipzig 1872 (Premiere 1870)
  • The copists. Comedy in one act. Leipzig 1875
  • The workers. Tragedy. Bremen 1877
  • Living pictures. Comedy in one act. Leipzig 1880
  • The Maltese. Tragedy partly from Schiller's drafts. Frankfurt 1884 (Premiere 1883)
  • Gerold Wendel. Tragedy in 5 acts. Oldenburg 1884
  • A new world. Oldenburg 1885
  • Imogen. Romantic tragedy in 5 acts based on William Shakespeare. Oldenburg 1885, incidental music by Albert Dietrich (op. 38)
  • The lost Son. Oldenburg 1889
  • Timon of Athens. Tragedy in 5 acts with free use of the poetry ascribed to Shakespeare. Berlin 1892
  • Victoria. Acting in one act. Leipzig 1897

Libretti

Theatrical theoretical work

  • Dramaturgical sketches. Bremen 1878. ( digitized version )
  • Forays into dramaturgical and critical areas. Bremen 1879
  • The Munich overall guest performance. Bremen 1880
  • Dramaturgy of the classics. Oldenburg 1881 (2 vols., Later part of the dramaturgy of the play )
  • Dramaturgy of the opera. Leipzig 1887 (2 vol.)
  • Dumas, Sardou and the current French rule on the German stage. Berlin 1888
  • Dramaturgy of the drama. Leipzig 1890. ( digitized volume 1 ), ( volume 3 ), ( volume 4 ) (3 volumes, later extended editions 4 volumes)
  • Richard Wagner as a classic. Leipzig 1897
  • Carl Loewe. Germany's ballad composer. Berlin 1898
  • Czaar and Zimmermann . Comic opera in 3 acts by Albert Lortzing . Leipzig 1900 (opera guide)
  • Undine . Romantic opera in 4 acts by Albert Lortzing. Leipzig 1901 (opera guide)

literature

  • Woldemar Becker-Glauch: Heinrich Bulthaupt as a dramaturge. A contribution to the problem of epigony. Lechte, Emsdetten 1938
  • Marlies Hassmann: Heinrich Bulthaupt. A personal bibliography. Bremen State Library, Bremen 1969
  • Arthur Smolian: Eugen d'Albert's one-act play "Cain". H. Seemann Nf., Leipzig 1900 (opera guide)
  • Franz Stuckert:  Bulthaupt, Heinrich Alfred. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 3, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1957, ISBN 3-428-00184-2 , p. 13 ( digitized version ).
  • Bulthaupt, Heinrich; Kraeger, Heinrich: Letters from and to Heinrich Bulthaupt. Oldenburg, Leipzig 1912, online at the SuUB Bremen: http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:46:1-1192

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Adolf Oppenheim and Ernst Gettke (eds.): Deutsches Theater-Lexikon. An encyclopedia of everything worth knowing about the art of acting and stage technology. Carl Reissner, Leipzig 1889, p. 145

Web links

personal data
SURNAME Bulthaupt, Heinrich
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Bulthaupt, Heinrich Alfred (full name); Capobulto
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German author
DATE OF BIRTH October 26, 1849
PLACE OF BIRTH Bremen
DATE OF DEATH August 20, 1905
Place of death Bremen