Heinrich Strakerjahn

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Heinrich Strakerjahn

Johann Caspar Heinrich Strakerjahn (born November 29, 1856 in Oldendorf near Halle in Westphalia , † June 10, 1943 ibid) was a German special educator and co-founder of the Association of Aid Schools in Germany .

Life

origin

Heinrich came from a farm in Westphalia in the Teutoburg Forest . Its owners have been using the name Strakerjahn for 700 years.

career

Strakerjahn received his training for the teaching profession at the Realgymnasium in Bielefeld and the teachers' seminar in Petershagen . After working for a year at an elementary school , he accepted the call to the institution for the deaf and dumb in Petershagen.

In August 1883, Strakerjahn was elected teacher at the deaf and dumb institution in Lübeck, at that time an institute of the Society for the Promotion of Charitable Activities , and was confirmed by the college . He took up his post on September 1 of that year . At the Society's meeting on November 13, 1883, its director, Senate Secretary Eschenburg , named Srakerjahn as a new member since the foundation festival .

The plight of these children, in addition to deaf and mute children, he was also given children with weak minds and linguistically retarded children, prompting him to set up a special school for the less gifted. His endeavor was successful. At Easter 1888, the school for the deaf and dumb was taken over by the state in connection with a school for children with limited ability and at the same time compulsory schooling for deaf and dumb children was introduced. The high school authorities gave the newly built school the name Augusta School . Lübeck was one of the first German states to introduce compulsory schooling for the deaf and mute and to set up an independent school for the less able.

In an investigation carried out in all municipal and suburban schools in Lübeck, 96 stuttering and 14 stammering children were counted. To cure them, the high school authorities decided in 1889 to set up an experimental course. Strakerjahn, main teacher at the Augusta School for deaf and dumb and weak children, was entrusted with its management . The course proved itself and was continued.

The Augusta School was merged with the school for the less able in 1889 under the name Behrend-Schrödersche Schule and Strakerjahn was appointed its director. In 1894 secondary lessons for epileptic children were introduced here. He documented how the facility had developed over the previous five years in a lecture given to the company.

By the time Strakerjahn left the school , the school for the weak had developed into a six-stage system with around 230 children who were taught in twelve classes and one preliminary class . Their good reputation penetrated far beyond Lübeck's borders and numerous auxiliary schools were set up according to their model . More than 50 schoolmen from home and abroad attended the school in order to participate in Strakejahn's curative educational knowledge .

Following his lecture held in October 1901 on the establishment of an educational and nursing home for the mentally weak, a commission was formed. Its purpose was to elaborate and consider Strakerjahn's proposals.

At the general meeting of the “Association for School Health Care”, Strakerjahn was elected to its board.

His main work was the internal and external expansion of the auxiliary school. The introduction of the auxiliary school teacher examination had earned him a lasting merit in the auxiliary school matter . After the preparation he had taken on, it took place for the first time in the last week of his official activity in Lübeck.

In addition to his actual professional activity, Strakerjahn wrote scientific papers , gave regular lectures and was on the board of several charitable associations.

He especially took care of the adult deaf and mute. Since 1883, he gave them a month free of charge once a church . Until the New Year of 1919, when the Workers 'and Soldiers' Council took the leadership of the adult deaf-mute out of his hands, he was a loyal friend and advisor to them.

Strakerjahn was a highly valued member of the Lübeck teaching staff because of his methodical ability. He worked part-time at the teacher training institute and taught prospective teachers for over 19 years during their training. On January 17, 1913, the Grand Duke of Oldenburg awarded him the Cross of Honor, 1st Class, associated with the Order of Merit , in recognition of his services to the deaf, dumb and feeble-minded children in the Principality of Lübeck on January 17, 1913, on his 25th anniversary as a principal teacher .

In the elections in the non-profit organization as head of the I. Toddler School on February 18, 1919, the main pastor Boelke, the businessman Heinrich Heickendorf and the rector Strakerjahn were elected to replace the outgoing pastor Denker and Rector Hermann Gottschalk .

At the age of 65, Strakerjahn applied for his retirement on July 1, 1923 . A year later, his request was granted to downsize civil servants.

In 1932 Strakerjahn left the Hanseatic city and returned to his family's property. His grave is preserved to this day in the historic cemetery I in Halle / Westphalia.

On April 29, 1952, the then auxiliary school at the city freedom, Am Neuhof 1a, was named Strakerjahnschule . As the largest of its kind in Schleswig-Holstein for decades, it merged in 2014 with the Hans Christian Andersen School and the Anton Schilling School to form the Astrid Lindgren School .

Association of auxiliary schools in Germany

In 1898 the Association of Aid Schools in Germany, today's Association for Special Education , was co-founded by Strakerjahn. As a special recognition of his work , the 8th Association Day of Aid Schools in Germany was held in Lübeck from April 18-20, 1911 . More than 400 people from all over Germany took part in the congress , the general assembly of which took place in the marble hall.

Crafts teaching , work school and workshop lessons were among the modern buzzwords in education at that time and none of these were considered particularly apt. A very extensive exhibition was held in the Ernestine School to accompany the conference . The diversity of the exercises and exhibits conveyed their richness.

Reform home

Strakerjahn also stood up for the support of the parents of mentally weak children. On his initiative, the Association for the Welfare of the Insane was founded in 1903 .

On 27 June 1906, the club was in the Klosterstraße 10 a 6 pupils occupied temporary open. On the holiday of the silver wedding anniversary of the imperial couple, the senate and the citizenship donated 30,000 marks to the association, stipulating that these should be used as a fund for a new institution. On June 28, 1907, the now 27 pupils moved into more suitable rooms in a barrack . In the same year a request a gratuitous provision was one area for an appropriate new to the Senate reformatory filed.

After five years of unsuccessful negotiations, the board of the association acquired a 1¼ hectare high-altitude site on Triftstrasse at the entrance to the village of Vorwerk in the middle of a former fruit plantation for 15,000 marks . It was visible from Schwartauer Allee, where the tram ran, and was accessible via a path. The area had to have enough space for 65 pupils. The tender for the building was won by the design by architects Schöss und Redelsdorf .

It was a 48 m long brick shell with a tiled roof . Two little projecting wings were attached to its central building . The apartment of the head of the institution, the former seminar tutor P. Burwik, was in the east wing. The classrooms and living rooms of the pupils as well as the day rooms were housed on the ground floor. A terraced extension was in front of the day rooms on both sides . Upstairs were the bedrooms, the rooms for the supervisory and nursing staff , sickrooms and a department for pensioners . The heating system , bathing facilities, kitchens and the large dining room were located in the basement . The water was supplied via wells in the institution's own garden .

Due to the outbreak of war , the building could not be handed over as planned on October 1, 1914. The association was only able to visit the mayor, senate and citizenship, as well as friends of the association, on Sunday, December 6th of the year, 2nd Advent, to visit the new reform home built on the basis of funds and a five-year loan, the nucleus of today's Vorwerker Diakonie educating homes.

  • New nursing and education home (1914)

  • building

  • Hall

Fonts

  • For the care of mentally and physically disabled children. Lübeck 1894.
  • The temperaments. Lübeck 1895.
  • Establishment of an institution for education and care for the mentally weak. Lübeck 1901.
  • Speech disorders. Lübeck 1903.
  • The first speech lesson (articulation lesson) for the mentally weak. Beyer, Langensalza 1908.
  • Efforts in the field of eugenics. Lübeck 1914.
  • About the importance of inheritance for the development of intellectual inferiority. Lübeck 1917.

literature

  • Elke Brigitte Schnier: On the historical development of psychosocial care for mentally ill children and adolescents in Lübeck since 1900 (= publications on the history of the Hanseatic city of Lübeck. B. 31). Schmidt-Römhild, Lübeck 2000, ISBN 3-7950-0469-1 , esp.p. 35.
  • Rector Strakerjahn. In: Father-city sheets . 1923/24, No. 14, June 15, 1924, pp. 56-57.

Web links

Commons : Heinrich Strakerjahn  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Local and mixed notes. In: Lübeckische Blätter . Volume 25, No. 65, August 15, 1883, p. 384.
  2. ↑ Local and mixed notes. In: Lübeckische Blätter. Volume 25, No. 91, November 14, 1883, p. 540.
  3. ↑ Local and mixed notes. In: Lübeckische Blätter. Volume 30, No. 48, June 13, 1888, p. 292.
  4. ↑ Stuttering and stammering children. In: Lübeckische Blätter. Volume 31, No. 28, April 7, 1889, pp. 157–158.
  5. ↑ Local and mixed notes. In: Lübeckische Blätter. Volume 31, No. 44, June 2, 1889, p. 252.
  6. ^ The namesake of the school was Behrend Schröder, founder of the Schröderschen free schools . Since 1936 the school has been called the "Behrend Schröder School".
  7. ↑ Local Notes. In: Lübeckische Blätter. Volume 42, No. 41, October 13, 1901, p. 508.
  8. ↑ Annual report and general meeting of the Association for School Health Care. In: Lübeckische Blätter. 48th Volume, No. 5, February 4, 1906, pp. 75–79.
  9. ↑ Local Notes. In: Lübeckische Blätter. Volume 25, No. 65, January 26, 1913, p. 74.
  10. ^ Society for the promotion of charitable activities. In: Lübeckische Blätter. Volume 61, No. 8, February 23, 1919, p. 106.
  11. ↑ Cemetery I gets a history trail. Haller Kreisblatt. May 25, 2016. Retrieved September 12, 2016.
  12. ^ From the VIII. Association Day of Aid Schools in Germany on April 18, 19 and 20. In: Lübeckische Blätter. 53rd Volume, No. 17, April 23, 1911, pp. 271-272.
  13. ^ Auxiliary school day: Exhibition in the Ernestin School. In: Lübeckische Blätter. 53rd Volume, No. 18, April 30, 1911, pp. 291-292.
  14. ↑ On the opening of the new education and nursing home for the mentally weak in Vorwerk. In: Lübeckische Blätter. Volume 59, No. 50, December 13, 1914, pp. 804–806.
  15. ↑ For the care of mentally and physically stressed children. In: Lübeckische Blätter. Volume 36, No. 18, March 4, 1894, pp. 129–130.
  16. ↑ 109th Annual Report of the Society for the Promotion of Charitable Activities in 1897. In: Lübeckische Blätter. Volume 39, No. 45, November 6, 1898, pp. 560-568.
  17. ↑ Establishment of an educational and nursing home for the mentally weak. In: Lübeckische Blätter. Volume 42, No. 41, October 13, 1901, pp. 504–506.
  18. ^ Society for the promotion of charitable activities. In: Lübeckische Blätter. Volume 44, No. 4, January 25, 1903, p. 45.
  19. ^ Society for the promotion of charitable activities. In: Lübeckische Blätter. Volume 56, No. 7, February 15, 1914, p. 117.
  20. ^ Efforts in the field of eugenics. In: Journal for the treatment of the feeble-minded. 34, 1914, pp. 2-7.
  21. ^ Society for the promotion of charitable activities. In: Lübeckische Blätter. Volume 59, No. 6, February 11, 1917, p. 86.
personal data
SURNAME Strakerjahn, Heinrich
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Strakerjahn, Johann Caspar Heinrich (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German educator
DATE OF BIRTH November 29, 1856
PLACE OF BIRTH Oldendorf
DATE OF DEATH June 10, 1943
Place of death Oldendorf