Hergolshausen
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Hergolshausen
community Waigolshausen
Coordinates: 49 ° 57 ′ 50 ″ N , 10 ° 9 ′ 15 ″ E
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| Height : | 244 m |
| Incorporation : | May 1, 1978 |
| Incorporated into: | Waigolshausen |
| Postal code : | 97534 |
| Area code : | 09722 |
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Hergolshausen is a part of the municipality Waigolshausen in the Lower Franconian district of Schweinfurt .
Geographical location
Hergolshausen is located in the northeast of the Waigolshausen municipality. The area of the municipality of Bergrheinfeld begins further north with the Garstadt district . In the east the Main flows past the village, around which there are several lakes. On the other side of the Main is Röthlein - Heidenfeld . Theilheim , with which Hergolshausen is connected via State Road 2270, occupies the south . Waigolshausen can be found in the west.
history
The place where Hergolshausen is today has been inhabited since prehistoric times. People settled there as early as the Paleolithic , which is proven by reading finds in the fields around the village. The place name is much younger and refers to a, probably Franconian , nobleman named Herigolt. Perhaps there was a pagan sanctuary there. That is why the name can be translated as "to the houses of Herigolt".
Hergolshausen was first recorded in documents in the year 750. At that time, the noble Ernest handed over his village “Herigolteshusen” to the rising Benedictine abbey of Fulda . The place was mentioned again in 802. The monastery was able to expand its influence through donations in 837 and 838. The monastery probably withdrew from the main area in the course of the 11th century , and now the Frankish noble families who had previously administered the monastery properties became the new masters.
In the 13th century, Hergolshausen had its own local nobility named after the village. At the same time, other families also owned gort, including the Lords of Rorbeck, the Counts of Castell and the Lords of Thüngen . The fragmentation of village rights worsened over time. The Würzburg Monastery also tried to gain influence, as did the Heidenfeld , Himmelspforten , Frauenroth and Heiligenthal monasteries , as well as several Würzburg convents and other legal entities from the Middle Ages.
Only in 1338 did the Hergolshausen tithes come to the Würzburg Cathedral Chapter in their entirety. This made the Würzburg prince-bishop the most important landlord and court lord in the town. Hergolshausen was assigned to the Werneck center . A short time later, in 1368, the church became the parish church. In the peasant war , troops of the Swabian League devastated the place. The Thirty Years War also brought suffering and destruction to the village, so in 1645 most of the farms were still in ruins.
After the dissolution of the Würzburg monastery at the beginning of the 19th century, Hergolshausen became part of Bavaria. After an interim period in the Grand Duchy of Würzburg , it finally became Bavarian in 1814. During the Second World War , its proximity to the industrial city of Schweinfurt was its undoing. On the night of February 24-25, 1944, American airmen destroyed 70% of the village. In 1978 Hergolshausen was incorporated into Waigolshausen.
Culture and sights
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Architectural monuments
The center of the village is the Catholic parish church of St. Peter and Paul. The tower was taken over from a previous building from the Middle Ages, but it was increased in 1709 to its current 48 m. The nave, on the other hand, comes from historicism and was created in the neo-Gothic style in 1870/1871. Inside, the church is also influenced by the neo-Gothic style of the 19th century. Important artists such as Franz Wilhelm Driesler and the Würzburg cabinet maker Adam Barth created the furnishings.
Hergolshausen is characterized by many wayside shrines. The small Christian monuments mostly go back to private foundations and are symbols for the popular piety of past centuries in Franconia. A particularly large number of wayside shrines have survived from the 16th and 17th centuries. They emerged during the so - called Counter - Reformation , when the Würzburg prince-bishops tried to recatholize the population that had become Lutheran. The wayside shrines in the village are threatened with decay.
Hergolshausen musicians
A music association has existed in Hergolshausen since 1973 . After the first music rehearsals were held independently, often by the later honorary board member Heinrich Kremling, the association decided to hire a professional musician from the GDR , Georg Frick, for the position of conductor. Under his leadership, the Hergolshausen Music Association succeeded in introducing young people to music. The Hergolshausen Musikanten won several prizes and are on tour around the world.
Viticulture
Hergolshausen is today a wine-growing area in the Franconian wine-growing region . There is a vineyard around the village, the wine has been marketed under the name Hergolshäuser or Theilheimer Mainleite since the 1970s. Hergolshausen is part of the range Volkacher Main loop until 2017, the wineries in area were Maindreieck summarized. The limestone soils around Hergolshausen are also suitable for growing wine, as is the location in the Maingau climate zone, which is one of the warmest in Germany.
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The people around Hergolshausen have been involved in viticulture since the early Middle Ages . The Franconian settlers probably brought the vine to the Main in the 7th century. In the Middle Ages, the region was part of the largest contiguous wine-growing region in the Holy Roman Empire. In the 11th century the Himmelspforten monastery owned vineyards around Hergolshausen. The people mostly operated part-time viticulture for self-sufficiency , at the same time export centers were already emerging, especially along the Main.
Viticulture experienced a major decline after secularization at the beginning of the 19th century. Above all, locations with less favorable climatic conditions were completely abandoned. In addition, the emergence of pests such as phylloxera made cultivation difficult . The wine around Hergolshausen almost completely disappeared. The Franconian wine-growing region was not able to consolidate again until the second half of the 20th century. The use of fertilizers and improved cultivation methods had contributed to this, as had the organization in cooperatives and the land consolidation of the 1970s.
In contrast to the larger wine towns on the Volkacher Mainschleife, the land consolidation was not carried out in Hergolshausen, because viticulture is not the main branch of the population here. Therefore , smaller vineyards bordered by hedges and bushes characterize the landscape around the place. In addition, the typical vineyard houses have been preserved. The Hergolshausen street wine festival takes place at the beginning of August . Based on the rich wine-growing history of the place, an old wine press was set up on the village square.
| Vineyard | Size 1993 | Size 2017 | Compass direction | Slope | Main grape varieties | Great location |
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| Main line | 18 ha | 13 ha | South, southeast | 15-30% | Bacchus , Müller-Thurgau | Volkacher Kirchberg |
literature
- Hans Ambrosi, Bernhard Breuer: German Vinothek: Franconia. Guide to the vineyards, winegrowers and their kitchens . Herford 2 1993.
- Karl-Heinz Hennig: District of Schweinfurt. Northwestern part: art, culture and history. From the Haßberge to the Franconian wine country . Schweinfurt 2008.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ Hennig, Karl-Heinz: District of Schweinfurt . P. 247.
- ^ Hennig, Karl-Heinz: District of Schweinfurt . P. 246.
- ^ Hennig, Karl-Heinz: District of Schweinfurt . P. 247 f.
- ^ Ambrosi, Hans (among others): German Vinothek: Franconia . Pp. 50-52.
- ↑ Government of Lower Franconia: Vineyards in Bavaria broken down by area ( Memento of the original from July 28, 2018 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , PDF file, accessed May 16, 2019.
- ^ Ambrosi, Hans (among others): German Vinothek: Franconia . P. 237.
