Hermann Strauss (physician)

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Hermann Strauss
Stumbling stone at Kurfürstendamm 184
Memorial plaque on the house, Kurfürstendamm 184, in Berlin-Charlottenburg

Hermann Strauss (born April 28, 1868 in Heilbronn ; died October 17, 1944 in the Theresienstadt ghetto ) was a German internist and director of the internal medicine department of the Jewish Hospital Berlin from 1910 to 1942.

Life

The son of the Heilbronn merchant Heinrich Strauss and his wife Röschen, b. Oppenheimer studied medicine at the universities of Würzburg and Berlin from 1886 . He received his doctorate in Berlin in 1890 with a thesis on right and left hemiplegia . He then came to Berlin for a short time as an assistant doctor to Emanuel Mendel at the Polyclinic for Nervous Diseases, in order to then begin his internal training with Carl Anton Ewald at the Berlin Augusta Hospital . 1893 moved to Strauss Franz Riegel after casting to the Medical University Hospital. In 1895 he became senior physician of the III. Medical Clinic of the Charité in Berlin with Hermann Senator . In 1897 he qualified as a professor at the Medical Faculty of the University of Berlin, where he received an extraordinary professorship in 1902 . From 1906 he set up his own polyclinic and a private clinic. In 1910 he came to the Berlin Jewish Hospital as chief physician in the internal department. In 1918 he was appointed to the secret medical council in recognition of the services he had gained in the First World War by setting up two hospitals . After the National Socialists came to power , Strauss lost his teaching license in 1933 . In 1942 he was deported to the Theresienstadt ghetto, where he died on October 17, 1944. In Theresienstadt, Strauss was a member of the council of elders from October 1942 and was head of the scientific committee of the ghetto health system.

He had been married to Elsa Isaac, a niece of the Berlin art patron James Simon, since 1899. Elsa Strauss experienced the liberation of the Theresienstadt ghetto; however, she died on June 13, 1945 before she could leave the camp. The marriage resulted in the son Walter Strauss (1900–1976) and a daughter. Since April 28, 2015, a plaque commemorates Hermann and Elsa Strauss in Berlin at Kurfürstendamm 184; The couple had lived here from 1937 until their deportation in July 1942.

The Strauss cannula for venous puncture, contributions to functional nephrology, the introduction of the low-salt diet as a therapeutic principle, the development of Strauss' Procto-Sigmoidoskop and his work on diseases of the large intestine, especially the rectum, are connected with Strauss. He has written 25 books and over 430 articles for compilations and medical journals. His publications cover the entire field of internal medicine.

Appreciation

In the House of City History in Heilbronn, his life and that of his family are discussed in detail.

Publications (selection)

  • On the technique of bloodletting, intravenous and subcutaneous infusion. In: Journal of Nursing. Vol. 20 (1898), H. 4, pp. 66-69.
  • Chronic kidney inflammation in its effect on the blood fluid and its treatment. Hirschwald, Berlin 1902.
  • For the treatment and prevention of renal dropsy. Therapy of the Present 1903; NF 5: 193-200.
  • On the methodology of rectoscopy. Berlin Klin Wochenschr 1903; 40: 1100-1104.
  • Lectures on diet treatment for internal diseases. Karger, Berlin 1910.
  • Procto-sigmoscopy and its importance for the diagnosis and therapy of diseases of the rectum and the sigmoid flexure. Thieme, Leipzig 1910.
  • Diseases of the rectum and sigmoid. Urban & Schwarzenberg, Berlin / Vienna 1922.

literature

  • Helmut Schmolz , Hubert Weckbach : Significant Heilbronn (III) . In: Swabia and Franconia. Local history supplement of the Heilbronn voice . 15th year, no. 1 , January 11, 1969, ZDB -ID 128017-X .
  • Harro Jenss: Hermann Strauss. Internist and scientist in the Charité and in the Jewish hospital in Berlin (= Jewish miniatures. Vol. 95). Hentrich & Hentrich, Berlin 2010, ISBN 978-3-941450-22-6 .
  • Harro Jenss: From Heilbronn to the Charité and to the Jewish Hospital Berlin, Hermann Strauss 1868–1944. In: Heilbronner Köpfe VI. Life pictures from two centuries (= small series of publications of the archive of the city of Heilbronn. Vol. 58). Heilbronn 2011, pp. 229-252.
  • Harro Jenss, Peter Reinicke (ed.): The doctor Hermann Strauss, 1868–1944. Autobiographical notes and records from the Theresienstadt ghetto. Hentrich & Hentrich, Berlin 2014, ISBN 978-3-95565-048-3 .
  • Kilian Krauth: The forgotten medic from Klostergasse. Hermann Strauss made a career in Berlin and ended up in a concentration camp. In: Heilbronn voice . October 25, 2014.
  • Eberhard J. Wormer :  Strauss, Hermann. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 25, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 2013, ISBN 978-3-428-11206-7 , p. 511 f. ( Digitized version ).
  • Peter Reinicke : Strauss, Elsa , in: Hugo Maier (Ed.): Who is who of social work . Freiburg: Lambertus, 1998 ISBN 3-7841-1036-3 , p. 581

Web links

Commons : Hermann Strauss (doctor)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b House of City History, Station: Klostergasse , No. 33.
  2. ↑ Family register of the Israelite community Heilbronn in the main state archive Stuttgart , inventory J 386 Bü. 257 p. 86.
  3. ↑ Hugo Maier (ed.): Who is who of social work. Lambertus, Freiburg im Breisgau 1998, ISBN 3-7841-1036-3 , p. 581.
  4. ↑ See the scientific work of Hermann Strauss and his colleagues from the years 1890–1937. Compiled by B. Wolfsohn. Lichtwitz, Berlin 1938.
personal data
SURNAME Strauss, Hermann
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Strauss, Hermann
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German internist
DATE OF BIRTH April 28, 1868
PLACE OF BIRTH Heilbronn
DATE OF DEATH October 17, 1944
Place of death Theresienstadt ghetto