Lords of Haguenau
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The Lords of Hagenau (also Hagenowe, Hagenower, Hagenauer ) are an old Bavarian / Austrian noble family that existed from the 10th century. a. belongs to the Lower Austrian rural nobility .
history
Origin and possessions
Distribution in Bavaria, Upper and Lower Austria
The Lords of Hagenau are one of the oldest Austrian families. They were first mentioned in a document with the Freising Bishop Gottschalk von Hagenau in 993 as nobilis de Hagenau . The name has changed over the centuries and so the gender can be found in various documents under the name Hagenowe, Hagenower and finally as Hagenauer . Originally from the area near the municipality of Freising , they were based in Bavaria, Upper and Lower Austria.
Hagenauer from the Housierer and Andechser clan with those from Tauer and Hohenwart
The Hagenauer were a widely branched and widespread family and are counted by the historian Koch-Sternfeld to the large clan of the Huosi (Huosierer) and Andex (Andechser), more closely related to those of Tauer and Hohenwart. Based on the earliest lead names ( Reginbert, Erchenbert, Hartwich etc.) and the location of the hereditary estates, Koch-Sternfeld was able to trace the lineage of the Lords of Hagenau back to the 8th century to Reginbert and his brother Irminfried , mentioned in a document in 764 . That Reginbert ( Reginperht ) was notarized as the founder and first abbot of the Scharnitz monastery of the Freising diocese in 764. The historian Fried sees the Hagenauern as a sideline of the Counts of Ottenburg-Grögling (Kreglingen).
Noble seat Hagenau and property in Neuburg am Inn
As the oldest noble residence of the Hagenau family, we find a hamlet Hagenau, a "village sampt eim Vorst above Schrobenhausen ". Gumpoldus nobilis de Hagenowe ( Guntpold von Hagenau ) lived around 1080/1090, owned a fiefdom in the county of Neuburg am Inn according to an old Austrian chronicle and is considered the ancestor of all other lines of the lords of Hagenau / Hagenauer.
Hagenau Castle and Hagenau Castle with the Church of St. Peter
All three lines come from this Guntpold von Hagenau (around 1078). Hagenau Castle near Braunau and Hagenau Castle (today only small fragments) in Lower Austria with a church of St. Peter (in the Vienna Woods near Kasten and Böheimkirchen) are mentioned later . Already in the 12th century the family was branched into three lines. Two lines settled south-east, so that we can find three main and castle areas in Hagenau at the same time. One in Upper Bavaria, one further south on the Inn and a third in Lower Austria.
The headquarters of the Hagenau family
The three head offices were Hagenau near Schrobenhausen (hereditary burial at Weihenstephan near Freising), Hagenau right der Perschling (border to the Vienna Woods) (hereditary burial ad Sanctum Hippolytum ( St. Pölten ) an der Traisen) and Hagenau near Rott am Inn (Braunau) (hereditary burial monastery Reichersberg ).
Although the information about the Hagenauers is sparse, the following possessions can be clearly assigned to them: Sandelzhausen, Natz bei Brixen, Seeon, Pellhausen and "Studesacker", Olzenbach and in Bergistrien, Maisbach, Puch, Eggenberg, Hagenau (vested in the Neustift monastery courtyard and the local church property), Schroßlach (leaning bailiwick over the Neustift cloister courtyard), Salmading (bailiff) and Praitenwiesen.
Hagenau near Rott am Inn (Braunau)
The ancestral seat of the Upper Austrian branch of the Hagenau family (the "Castle" Hagenau near Braunau) was owned by Hartwich (Hartwig) von Hagenau , the younger brother of the Bishop of Passau Reginbert von Hagenau . In 1146 Reginbert appoints his brother Hartwig as Vogt of the hospital in Vöcklabruck. Reginbert convinced the married but childless Hartwig to make a will in favor of the Passau diocese regarding his possessions before Hartwig went on the Second Crusade . In fact, Hartwig died in the crusade in 1149, Reginbert had already died on the crusade in 1147.
A dispute over Hartwig's estranged property between his eldest brother Werinhart von Hagenau with his sons and Hilltegarde von Hagenau , Hartwich's widow, was the result. The Diocese of Passau, which had already received some goods from Hartwig during his lifetime, also registered its claims. A dispute ensues and Duke Heinrich holds a court day where he decides in favor of the now Bishop Konrad I of Passau . Hartwig's nephews, the sons of Werinhart von Hagenau, are paid off. Hartwig was often wrongly referred to as the last of the von Hagenau family, but this has already been refuted since Koch-Sternfeld. The fact is that he was only the last owner of this branch of the castle and the Hagenau fief near Braunau, but the fief itself as such was soon to be awarded to the Hagenau residents.
The widow Hilltegarde von Hagenau carried out the legacy in 1150, handed the fief over to the Passau bishop and retired to a monastery. The Passau diocese then awarded this fiefdom to the Lower Austrian line of the Lords of Hagenau in 1152. However, they lost it again around 1239/40 due to renewed disputes with the Hochstift Passau and subsequently with Duke Otto II.
Ludwig von Hagenau
Ludovicus von Hagenauer (Ludwig von Hagenau) took some serfs and officials of the Hochstift Passau prisoner and drove them out of the territory of Passau. As a result, Ludwig's possessions were largely confiscated. Above all, however, after his death, all remaining possessions were confiscated from the Passau bishopric on the one hand, but above all from Duke Otto II of Bavaria. Ludwig's sons Gebehardus de Richstorf and Gebhartus junior de Hagenau, mentioned in a document, thus became impoverished.
Aham across from Haguenau
Around 1400, the von Aham family took over the castle (also Ahamer, Aheimer, Ahaimer), which came from the village of Aham near St. Peter am Hart in what is now the Braunau am Inn district . Since these new owners also named themselves after the castle, it is easy to confuse them with the Hagenauers. Here, however, no direct family relationship to the sex of the nobles of Hagenau can be proven, although the Aham family according to Bucelini “with the Bannerherren v. Haguenau has an origin ”. In the 16th century, today's Renaissance castle was built on the ruins of the former Hagenau Castle near Braunau, which only connects the Hagenauers by name. Today Hagenau Castle (since 1829) is owned by the Barons von Handel-Mazzetti . The castle in Lower Austria and the headquarters in Bavaria were also razed and are now only ruins or fragments.
Expiry of the Upper Austrian and Lower Austrian branches
The change in political and social conditions since the end of the 12th century increasingly isolated the people of Hagenau. In the 13th century the Free von Hagenau appeared on the same level as the Reichsministeriales. The emergence of the Wittelsbachers in this area, as well as the decline of the Hochstift Freising as sovereignty, contributed to the fact that the sex lost its former high social status. Finally, the Lords of Hagenau, who increasingly called themselves Hagenauers, were lost to ministerialism in the 14th century. Many family members from the dynasty of the Free von Hagenau also went to the protection of emerging cities of the Middle Ages, such as St. Pölten, Vienna, Klosterneuburg and Munich, where they were named as patricians and citizens . The Upper Austrian branch of the Lords of Hagenau died out in the 13th century, the Lower Austrian in the second half of the 15th century.
Loss of the Hagenau headquarters in Allershausen in Bavaria
The last headquarters of the Hagenauer in Allershausen in Bavaria was sold at the end of the 15th century by the noble Lord Stephan Hagenauer von Allershausen . After the Hagenauer von Hagenau became impoverished at the beginning of the 16th century and their nobility darkened, some emigrated to the Archdiocese of Salzburg . In the middle of the 16th century we find members of this sex as free farmers, mill owners and administrators in the Salzburg documents. There they had married the old families of the Ruperti angle. After their renewed rise as trading masters at the end of the 16th century, the Hagenauers received the imperial confirmation of their old coat of arms with an increase in coat of arms in the 17th century . Soon afterwards, their nobility was renewed with an improvement in the coat of arms . At the end of the 18th century, one line continued from Salzburg to Trieste and another to Vienna. The last Hagenau resident there died in Salzburg in 1850 at his seat in Mönchstein Castle. In the 19th century, the Viennese line of the Hagenau family was elevated to the papal barony . Later, the Trieste line of the Italian baron class was confirmed as "baroni Locatelli de Hagenauer" ( Barone Locatelli von Hagenauer ), and the Viennese line was extended to its Italian baron class as "baroni de Hagenauer" (Barons von Hagenauer) by decree of the Kingdom of Italy all offspring of both sexes confirmed.
Documentary evidence of the Hagenau and their significance
The Hagenauers appear in various (mainly church) inheritance, exchange and foundation deeds, often as witnesses. Probably the best-known document is a deed of donation from the year 996, in which Austria was first mentioned in a document. It contains a gift from Emperor Otto III. to the Bishop of Freising Gottschalk von Hagenau , namely an area "in the region usually called Ostarrichi ". This document is now kept in the Bavarian Main State Archives in Munich.
On the basis of the documents, the close political interweaving of nobility and church in the Middle Ages, as well as the "worship" as a knightly virtue, can be understood. The Christian faith was very important to this family. In addition to church foundations, donations and the organization of masses, we find several members of the Hagenau family among the clergy.
Name bearer
- Gottschalk von Hagenau (* before 994; †?): Bishop of Freising (994–1006)
- Gumpoldus (Guntpold) nobilis de Hagenowe (* before 1078; †?): Mentioned in a document from 1078 to 1091; Fief in the county of Neuburg am Inn , ancestor of all other lines of the Hagenau family.
- Reginbertus von Hagenau (also Reimprecht ) (* before 1112): Domvogt von Passau, Vogt of Mondsee Monastery ; 1. ∞ Countess von Haunsberg, 2. ∞ Helena von Lanzendorf (widow), b. Countess von Stille und Heft; in possession of several fiefdoms and Hagenau Castle in Kasten near Böheimkirchen in Lower Austria; in 1112 co-founder of the Seitenstetten monastery ; Reginbert I and his wife Helena were considered very pious, Reginbertus von Hagenau is called “died in the call of holiness”.
- Reginbert von Hagenau , the Younger , (* before 1130; †? On the Second Crusade ): 1130 provost of the St. Pölten monastery ; 1138–1148 Bishop of Passau
- Friedrich von Hagenau (lived around 1170): robber baron near Wasserburg am Inn ; Servants of the gentleman von Hagenau stole grain deliveries from a monastery, but refunded them.
- Erchenbertus de Hagenowe (Hagenau) (* before 1172; †?): In Passauer Bischofsregesten around 1172
- Leutold von Hagenau (* before 1176; †?): Donated an estate in the village of Sewen to the Weihenstephan Abbey (near Freising) for his salvation as well as that of his brothers, sons and the whole family between 1176 and 1190.
- Ludovicus von Hagenau (Hagenowe), the Free (?; † 1239): owned a number of scattered goods in Bavaria, Upper and Lower Austria, but because of unclear ownership (land records) there were massive conflicts with the bishopric of Passau and subsequently with Duke Otto II .; Ludwig von Hagenau took some serfs and officials of the bishopric of Passau prisoner and expelled them from the territory of Passau, whereupon most of his possessions were confiscated during his lifetime and, after his death, all the remaining possessions from the bishopric of Passau, but above all from Duke Otto II of Bavaria , were drafted; as a result, his sons, Gebehardus de Richstorf and Gebhartus junior de Hagenau, mentioned in a document, became impoverished and did not appear in any regesta after Ludwig's death; with Ludwig von Hagenau and his two sons, the Upper Austrian line of the Lords of Hagenau seems to have expired.
- Heinrich (V.) von Hagenau (* before 1292; †?), Abbot of the Benedictine monastery of St. Ulrich and Afra in Augsburg (1292-1315)
- Seyfried von Hagenau (also Hagenauer ) (* before 1378; † 1382): 1378 abbot of the monastery at Mölk (Melk)
- Karl von Hagenau (also Hagenauer ) (* before 1387; †?): Nurse zu Ereneck (1387-1390)
- Stefan der Hagenauer (* before 1394; †?): Brother of the abbot of Melk Seyfried von Hagenau; Burgrave of Perchtoldsdorf (1394)
- Georg Hagenauer, the noble (* before 1439; †?): Mentioned in a Milker document; with him, according to F. Wissgrill, the Lower Austrian line of the Hagenauer expired.
- Ortlof Hagenauer (* before 1488; †?): In 1488 he founded the All Souls Brotherhood in the parish of Loiching , which had its own chapel and, in addition to numerous properties in Piegendorf, an estate.
- Stephan Hagenauer zu Allershausen (* before 1484; †?): Last owner of the Bavarian headquarters of the Hagenauer near Allershausen, which was sold in 1484; last documented mention in 1487.
- Georg Hagenauer von Hagenau (* around 1545 near Salzburg; †?): Another descendant from the family of the old free and noble von Hagenau according to regest researcher Willibald Hauthaler (Abbot of St. Peter in Salzburg) on the basis of the family name and the coat of arms and the geographical origin.
- Cajetan / Kajetan Rupert von Hagenauer (* before 1746; †?): Abbot Dominikus von St. Peter in Salzburg (1746–1811), son of Johann Lorenz Hagenauer and Maria Theresa born. Cobbler.
- Franziscus Baron von Hagenauer (* before 1884; †?): Received the Order of Pius (Gran Croce) on June 10, 1884 from Pope Leo XIII. for his and his ancestors' services to the Roman Catholic Church.
- Bertha Baronin von Hagenauer (* 1903, † 1972): Resistance fighter of the Catholic-Conservative camp against the Nazi regime in the Third Reich .
coat of arms
Blazon of the family coat of arms : The shield shows a Hagenbaum (shrub) on a mountain of three; two buffalo horns on the closed tournament helmet.
Explanation: The Hagenau family coat of arms is a " talking coat of arms ". The Dreiberg is also emblazoned as a hill , such as B. also in Siebmacher's coat of arms. It should be a mistake. With the Bavarian and the resulting Salzburg line of the Hagenauer, instead of the buffalo horns, a flight sits on the helmet.
Evidence: The coat of arms can be found on the epitaph of the two co-founders of Seitenstetten Monastery, Reginbertus von Hagenau and Hayde and his wife Helena in St. Pölten (around 1137), in the seal of Abbot Seifridi de Hagenau (von Melk 1368), or also depicted in the seal of Abbot Dominicus von Hagenauer (in St. Peter in Salzburg 1786).
swell
- Wiguleus dog to Sulzenmos: Bavarian pedigree, Part I . Ingolstadt, 1585, p. 219f.
- Johann Michael Wilhelm von Prey zu Straßkirchen: Bayrische Adls description . In: A collection on the genealogy of the Bavarian nobility. Hagenauer of Hagenau . Vol. 13, 1690-1747, pp. 61-68.
- Franz Karl Wißgrill : scene of the rural Lower Austrian nobility from the gentry and knighthood . Vol. IV, 1794, pp. 35-39.
- Joseph Ernst Ritter von Koch-Sternfeld: The Hagenau dynasty, co-founder of Seitenstetten Abbey in Austria . In: AÖG 1, H. 4, 1848, pp. 121–141.
- Theodor Mayer: in archive f. Customer of Austrian historical sources, family of the founders from Seitenstetten . Academy of Sciences, Vol. XXI, 1848, pp. 351ff.
- Andreas von Meiller : Regesta on the history of the margraves and dukes of Austria from the house of Babenberg . Vienna: W. Braumüller Verlag, 1850, p. 224.
- Pankraz Fried : Die Hochfrei von Hagenau bei Freising, In: Amperland, local history quarterly for the districts of Dachau, Freising and Fürstenfeldbruck . Vol. I and II, 1965/66, p. 49 ff.
- Franz Tyroller: Genealogy of the old Bavarian nobility in the high Middle Ages . In: Wilhelm Wegener (ed.): Genealogical tables for Central European history . Göttingen: 1962–1969.
- John B. Freed: Nobels, Ministerials, and Knights in the Archdiocese of Salzburg . In: Speculum Vol. 62 (3), 1987, pp. 575-611.
- G. Geromet, R. Alberti: Nobiltà della contea. Palazzi, castelli e ville a Gorizia, in Friuli e in Slovenia . Edizioni della Laguna publishing house, vol. 1 u. 2, 1999.
- Martin Hofbauer: Formation and structure of the rule and ownership of the Passau bishopric in the 13th and 14th centuries, shown on the Passau land registers . Hamburg: Diss. Helmuth-Schmidt, Univ. Hamburg, 2005.
- Genealogical manual of the nobility . Starke Verlag, Limburg (Lahn), 2006.
- A. Borella: Annuario della Nobiltà Italiana . Nova Ser. 2006 / Milan 2007.
- Johann Evang. Kirnbauer von Erzstätt : The Lower Austrian rural nobility. Panels, A – R. In: J. Siebmacher's large and general book of arms . Volume 4. Bauer and Raspe, Nuremberg 1909, plate 74.
- Johann Evang. Kirnbauer von Erzstätt: The Lower Austrian rural nobility. Text, A – R. In: J. Siebmacher's large and general book of arms . Volume 4. Bauer and Raspe, Nuremberg 1909, 155.
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b A-R, Text - GDZ. Retrieved March 4, 2019 .
Web links
- History of the Hagenau
- Berta Baroness von Hagenauer
- Genealogy of the Bavarian nobility
- Hagenauer , detailed article in Salzburgwiki