Hertingshausen (Wohratal)

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Hertingshausen
community Wohratal
Coordinates: 50 ° 57 ′ 47 "  N , 8 ° 55 ′ 36"  E
Height : 300 m above sea level NN
Area : 3.84 km² (LAGIS)
Residents : 200 approx.
Population density : 52 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation : 1st February 1971
Postal code : 35288
Area code : 06453

Hertingshausen is a district of the municipality Wohratal in the district of Marburg-Biedenkopf in central Hesse . The place on the eastern edge of the castle forest has 214 inhabitants (as of June 30, 1999).

history

Archaeological finds confirm that the area around Hertingshausen and Gemünden was already settled in the Stone , Bronze and Iron Ages.

Fragments found between 1996 and 1998 and carried out by the Marburg archaeologist Dr. Fiedler were assigned to the 12th to 18th centuries, confirm that Hertingshausen was most likely settled by the 12th century at the latest. The first historically relatively stable statements about the above-mentioned area also provide information that the Wohratal was considered a Franconian border mark against the Saxons in the time of Charlemagne and therefore received a correspondingly high military rating. The later Gemünden should have been viewed as a focus of this blocking belt .

The development of this fixed point, which is also essential for the existence of Hettingishusen (Hertingshausen), from a certainly well-fortified rural settlement to a fortified, with ramparts and moats as well as with a strong castle complex, Ziegenhainischen and later Hessian city, which as such for the first time in the year Was mentioned in 1266, confirms the high value of the location.

In the course of time under the Counts of Ziegenhain and later under the Landgraves of Hesse, several noble families served as castle men, some for generations . Around 1394 the knighthood, together with the mayors and citizens, had to pay homage to the noble widow Metze von Dersch.

The gentlemen who served as castle men in the Middle Ages received as pay: remuneration in cash, allowances in kind, a castle loan for their services in the castle and fortified city, and a male loan if they were willing to continue military service. The fiefs could consist of peasant farms, tithe , customs , court and mill rights . The goal, however, was to acquire personal property, the allodial .

Of the Burgmanns serving in Gemünden, those of Schleyer and von Linsingen , who are also known as the temporary owners of the Hettingishusen fief, appeared. Taking into account the feudal rights applicable at the time, it cannot be ruled out that the gentlemen von Linsingen or von Schleyer maintained their own customs office in Hettingishusen, which could have been the original name for the local name "Am Zollstock", which is still valid in Hertingshausen today. Another orally transmitted version says that on the steep stretch of the folding rule, chargeable opening credits for wagons had to be made; this collection of fees was called customs ("toll"). One must not ignore the fact that the border between Kurmainz and the Landgraviate of Hesse ran between Hettingishusen and the city of Rosenthal, which was “Mainz” .

With regard to Hertingshausen's history, it is certain that Conrad von Linsingen, who was reigning Burgmann in Gemünden, sold his feudal rights over the place, the tithe, to the Franconian citizens Johann auf dem Orthe, called Uffme, and Konrad Wypracht on December 24, 1340 . This was the first time that Hettingishusen was verified in writing (based on current research).

The Linsinger assignment of the feudal rights to Orthe obviously did not last long, since on September 4th 1341 Count Johann I von Ziegenhain demanded these rights again from the meanwhile sole owner of the feudal rights over Hettingishusen, the Frankenberg citizen Wypracht / Weipracht Was granted buyback rights. Ten years were set as the period for the return, whereby a sum of 90 marks Cologne pennies was set. Orthe and Wypracht are likely to have been wealthy patricians. This class of citizens, who were upscale due to their financial strength and economically indispensable, was characterized by their commercial and technical willingness to innovate, which often paid off in financial terms. The self-confident appearing class increasingly claimed rights that were previously reserved for the primeval nobility. From their ranks, in addition to high officials, ministerials and proven officers, the post office introduced in the 14th century was recruited .

On October 24, 1364, Count Gottfried VII von Ziegenhain pledged Hettingishusen to Hermann von Löwenstein- Schweinsberg along with other places. The fact that Hettingishusen was inhabited at that time and at least until 1367 is proven by a written statement in the Ziegenhainer Urbar (rent and interest book ), which states that the village will follow Count Gottfried VII von Ziegenhain annually for the years 1364 to 1367 Interest has to be paid: 20 solidis (gold and silver coins), 36 geese , 1 Malter wild oats (approx. 75 kg.) As well as a number of chickens not named .

With some certainty it can be assumed that the place was inhabited until 1392. On June 4, 1392, Tile von Frankenberg received the town of Gemünden an der Wohra from Count Gottfried VII von Ziegenhain, as well as the city palace and castle, as well as the villages and courts of Heimbach, Josbach and Hettingishusen and the right to tithe to Gemünden for 1801 gold guilders, which could be bought back for 1801 Deposit.

In 1471 the now final desertification was handed over as a Hessian fiefdom (the Grafschaft Ziegenhain had fallen to the Landgraviate of Hesse after the death of the last count) to the Gemündener Burgmann family Schleyer von und zu Schiffelbach. On March 17, 1615, Christoph Schleyer zu Schiffelbach sold the Hessian fief, the Hettingishusener Forest, to Landgrave Moritz von Hessen-Kassel for 1,100 Spanish thalers. From 1647 the deserted area belonged to the Rauschenberg office.

On August 7, 1694, Hettingishusen experienced a lasting revitalization. Landgrave Karl von Hessen-Kassel made the remote Hettingishusen, only accessible via field and cart paths, available to the Huguenot families Bouxin (Boucsein), Foignand, Canel, Moru and the pastor's son and later pastor Martin for settlement.

Since 1697, the name Hertingshausen was used in place of the names Hettingishusen , Hethingeshusen , and Hetcheshausen, which had been in use until then .

The French mother tongue was again compulsorily required from the Hertingshäuser in 1757 by a French gendarmerie unit, which was stationed in Gemünden during the Seven Years' War and requested the Hertingshausen Huguenots as interpreters .

From 1842 the church gave up the French language. From then on, church services were only held in German . German influences prevailed unstoppably and French has disappeared from the Hertingshausen linguistic usage for about two generations, apart from a few terms.

Territorial reform

On February 1, 1971, as part of the regional reform in Hesse, the municipality of Hertingshausen was incorporated into the previously newly formed municipality of Wohratal.

Friedrich von Hertingshausen

The story of the knight Friedrich III, which is always associated with Hertingshausen . von Hertingshausen cannot be clearly assigned to this village. However, he is said to have fought for pay in this area a few times. But it is more likely to be assigned to the village of Hertingshausen, today part of the city of Baunatal . Furthermore, near Züschen , a town of Waldeck until 1974 , a deserted Hertingshausen can be found, so that it could also come from this area.

Regarding feudal Friedrich von Hertingshausen, it is documented that on June 5, 1400, together with Count Heinrich IV. Von Waldeck and the knights of Falkenstein and von Löwenstein, the Archbishop of Mainz, Johann II, was the unpopular candidate for the German royal crown, Duke Friedrich von Braunschweig-Lüneburg near Kleinenglis , not far from Fritzlar , murdered. The so-called “Emperor's Cross” made of sandstone can still be seen at the site of the murder .

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ The district on the Wohratal municipality's website , accessed in September 2015.
  2. ^ Municipal reform: mergers and integration of municipalities from January 20, 1971 . In: The Hessian Minister of the Interior (ed.): State Gazette for the State of Hesse. 1971 No. 6 , p. 248 , item 328, para. 53 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 6.2 MB ]).
  3. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer GmbH, Stuttgart and Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 402 .