Hryhoriy Kosynka

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Hryhorij Kossynka before 1935
Meeting Kharkiv and Kiev artists in 1923. Left to right. First row: Maksym Rylskyj , Jurij Meschenko , Mykola Chwylowyj , Majk Johansen , Hryhorij Mychailow , Mychajlo Werykiwskyj . Second row: Natalia Romanowytsch , Mykhaylo Mohyljanskyj , Vasyl Ellan-Blakytnyj , Serhii Pylypenko , Pavlo Tychyna , Pavlo Fylypowytsch . Third row: Mykola Serow , Mychajlo Draj-Chmara , Hryhorij Kossynka , Volodymyr Sosjura , Teodosij Osmatschka , Volodymyr Korjak , Mychailo Ivchenko

Hryhorij Mychajlowytsch Kossynka ( Ukrainian Григорій Михайлович Косинка , Russian Григорий Михайлович Косынка Grigory Mikhailovich Kossynka ; born November 17 . Jul / 29. November  1899 greg. In Schtscherbaniwka , Kiev Governorate , Russian Empire ; † 15. December 1934 in Kiev , Ukrainian SSR ) was a Ukrainian journalist , translator and prose - writer of the executed rebirth . He was the nephew of the Ukrainian writer Kalistrat Anyschtschenko ( Калістрат Романович Анищенко , 1885-1929).

Life

Hryhorij Kossynka came in 1899 in Schtscherbaniwka ( Щербанівка ) in today's Rajon Obukhiv of Ukrainian Kiev Oblast , the son of a poor peasant family to the world. In 1908 his family settled behind the Urals to improve their living conditions . However, after they were unable to improve their living conditions there either, she soon returned. Hryhorij attended a village school and had to work on the side. At the age of 14, he went to Kiev to work so that he could support his mother, who was destitute with five young children after the death of his father. He found work as a shoe shiner and clerk and attended evening gymnastics courses.

His first publication as a prose author was the story На буряки Na buryaky , which appeared in 1919 in the Kiev newspaper Боротьба Borotba . It was followed by about 20 history collections that appeared during his lifetime. The publication of the Серце Serze collection (in German: Herz ) was prevented by the Soviet censors in 1933. He was accused of promoting kulak ideology , counterrevolutionary tendencies and banditry in his stories, and the publication of his stories was banned, so he had to work as a scenarioist.

During the Stalinist terror , he and 36 others were arrested and imprisoned for alleged terrorist activities on November 4, 1934, after a critical performance in the House of Writers . On 15 December 1934, he and 27 other people, including especially the writers were Dmytro Falkiwskyj ( Дмитро Никанорович Фальківський ; 1898-1934), O. Blysko ( О. Близько ; † 1934) and food Burewij ( Кость Степанович Буревій ; 1888-1934 ), sentenced to death by shooting by a military court. The sentence was carried out on the same day in the October Palace in Kiev.

He was buried in the Lukjanivska cemetery and posthumously rehabilitated after Stalin's death on October 19, 1957.

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Kosynka was one of the preeminent Soviet-Ukrainian storytellers of the 1920s and early 1930s. His narratives described the prevailing attitudes, relationships and political shifts in the Ukrainian peasantry. He also wrote articles on literary and artistic subjects and translated works by Nikolai Gogol , Anton Chekhov , Maxim Gorky and Michail Scholokhov into the Ukrainian language.

His works gained notoriety for their lyrical, psychological and realistic art and his creativity was characterized by sketching, fragmentation, the use of impressionistic means and the socio-psychological reflection of reality.

His work was not republished in the Soviet Union from the 1930s onwards , and his name was withheld or mentioned in a negative context. The ban was only relaxed in the thaw period . Its entire artistic and journalistic legacy was not published until 1988. Selected works by him have been translated into Russian, Belarusian, Bulgarian, Polish, Hungarian, German, Italian and other languages. His story Politics was filmed in 1971 in the Kiev film studio O. Dowschenko .

Honors

In 1979, a memorial was erected in his place of birth in his memory. In Kiev, a memorial plaque was installed on his house on Wolodymyrska Street . Both works are by the sculptor Halyna Kaltschenko . A street in Kiev was named after him in 2017.

Web links

Commons : Hryhorij Kossynka  - collection of images

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c Entry on Hryhorij Kossynka in the Encyclopedia of Modern Ukraine ; accessed on April 18, 2019 (Ukrainian)
  2. ↑ a b c d e Hryhorij Kossynka - biography, life and creativity on ukrcenter.com ; accessed on April 18, 2019 (Ukrainian)
  3. ↑ a b c Entry on Kosynka, Hryhorii in the Encyclopedia of Ukraine ; accessed on April 18, 2019
  4. ↑ a b c Entry on Hryhorij Kossynka in the Encyclopedia of the History of Ukraine ; accessed on April 18, 2019 (Ukrainian)
  5. ^ Secret of the October Palace in memorial.kiev.ua of February 14, 2006; accessed on April 18, 2019 (Ukrainian)
  6. ↑ oldnecropolis.wordpress ; accessed on April 18, 2019 (Ukrainian)
  7. ↑ a b Entry on Hryhorij Kossynka in the Ukrainian Soviet Encyclopedia ; accessed on April 18, 2019 (Ukrainian)
  8. ↑ Kiev City Council, decision number 180/3187 of October 12, 2017 ; accessed on April 18, 2019 (Ukrainian)
personal data
SURNAME Kossynka, Hryhoriy
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Kossynka, Hryhorij Mychajlowytsch (full name); Косинка, Григорій Михайлович (Ukrainian)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Ukrainian publicist, translator and prose writer
DATE OF BIRTH November 29, 1899
PLACE OF BIRTH Shcherbanivka , Kiev Governorate , Russian Empire
DATE OF DEATH December 15, 1934
Place of death Kiev , Ukrainian SSR