Hugo Höllenreiner

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Hugo Höllenreiner (2009)

Hugo Adolf Höllenreiner (born September 15, 1933 in Munich ; † June 10, 2015 in Ingolstadt ) was a German Sinto and survivor of the Porajmos . As a child he survived the " Auschwitz Gypsy Camp " and three other concentration camps . He has been involved as a contemporary witness since the late 1990s .

Life

Höllenreiner's parents chose their son's middle name in order to protect him from the threat posed by the National Socialists after the takeover in 1933. He grew up in the Giesing district of Munich on Deisenhofener Strasse. His father owned a house there and ran a horse shop. He and his family were arrested by the National Socialists on March 8, 1943 in implementation of the Auschwitz Decree ; he was 9 years old at the time. and on 16 March 1943 in the gypsy camp Auschwitz deported where Josef Mengele at him and his brother human experiments conducted. With the deportation, the family was expropriated and their property was handed over to the " Volksgemeinschaft ". Höllenreiner came to Bergen-Belsen via the Ravensbrück and Mauthausen camps . He, his five siblings and both parents survived the genocide. 36 relatives were killed. After the end of the war the family lived again in Giesing, later in Waldtrudering and then in Ingolstadt . The 12- to 13-year-old Höllenreiner started trading in brushes and thus made a significant contribution to the family income.

Hugo Höllenreiner did not receive any payments under the Federal Compensation Act or other comparable payments as compensation for the injustice suffered, although he tried to do so.

Since the late 1990s, Höllenreiner has reported on his experiences in numerous lectures as a contemporary witness.

The memorial plaque for the Munich Sinti and Roma murdered under National Socialism on the Square of the Victims of National Socialism in Maxvorstadt goes back to an initiative by Höllenreiner, who on October 10, 1993 applied for a memorial plaque on behalf of numerous Sinti and Roma. The original location, at a residential building on Deisenhofener Strasse - numerous Munich victims of the Porajmos were housed here until they were deported - failed because of the house owner. The Lord Mayor of Munich Christian Ude inaugurated the memorial stone - in the immediate vicinity of the memorial for the victims of National Socialism - on December 20, 1995. In 1996 the monument was enlarged. The text on the memorial stone reads: In memory of the Munich Sinti and Roma who were murdered between 1933 and 1945. They were victims of the National Socialist genocide in Auschwitz and other extermination sites in Europe.

honors and awards

Hugo Höllenreiner has received several awards for his commitment as a contemporary witness:

Representation in literature, film and music

In a series of interviews, Höllenreiner told the author Anja Tuckermann about his fate during National Socialism. In 2006, she received the German Youth Literature Prize for her book “Don't think we're staying here!” The Life Story of Sinto Hugo Höllenreiner . The book was also nominated for the Geschwister-Scholl-Preis 2006 and was on the children's and youth book list summer 2008 of Radio Bremen and the Saarländischer Rundfunk.

The documentary Angelus Mortis was shot in 2007 about Höllenreiner's fate .

Adrian Coriolan Gaspar conducted his own interviews with Höllenreiner from 2008 and put his memories into music in his first orchestral work Symphonia Romani - Bari Duk , an oratorio for solo bass, mixed choir and orchestra.

literature

Documentaries

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Hugo Höllenreiner is dead. Süddeutsche Zeitung, archived from the original on June 12, 2015 ; accessed on June 15, 2015 . Ulrich Trebbin: Bayerischer Rundfunk , June 11, 2015.
  2. ^ A b c d Bernd Kastner: Life, suffering . In: Süddeutsche Zeitung . April 20, 2013, ISSN  0174-4917 , p. R8 .
  3. ^ State Museum Auschwitz-Birkenau in collaboration with the Documentation and Cultural Center of German Sinti and Roma Heidelberg: Memorial book: The Sinti and Roma in the Auschwitz Birkenau concentration camp. Saur, Munich / London / New York / Paris 1993, ISBN 3-598-11162-2 . (Trilingual: Polish, English, German) Ledger Men, p. 104.
  4. ^ Hugo Höllenreiner (born 1933) “Because we are Sinti…” NS Documentation Center Munich, archived from the original on June 13, 2015 ; Retrieved June 12, 2015 .
  5. ↑ City of Munich, Cultural Department : Places of Remembrance Munich Memorial places / memorials, memorial plaques, art monuments, art projects, graves, street names, schools / educational and cultural centers Source there: Helga Pfoertner , memorials, memorials, places of remembrance - for the victims of National Socialism in Munich 1933–1945 . Live with the story, 3 vols.
  6. ↑ Aaron Buck: Ambassadors for Humanity . Hugo Höllenreiner receives the "Austrian Holocaust Memorial Award". In: Jüdische Allgemeine . No. May 21 , 2013 ( juedische-allgemeine.de [accessed on August 10, 2015] Note: The award ceremony took place on May 2, 2013).
  7. ↑ "I would have fought too!" Memorial event and tribute to Hugo Höllenreiner. In: ns-dokumentationszentrum-muenchen.de. NS Documentation Center Munich, May 12, 2014, archived from the original on September 19, 2014 ; Retrieved on August 9, 2015 (Note: The award took place on May 20, 2014 in the Old Town Hall on Munich's Marienplatz.).
  8. ^ State capital Munich, Directory: Munich shines for Hugo Höllenreiner. In: muenchen.de. State capital Munich, November 3, 2014, accessed on August 9, 2015 (Note: The medal was presented on November 3, 2014 in Munich City Hall.).
  9. ↑ The Man Who Survived Mengele Die Presse , print edition of July 27, 2014
personal data
SURNAME Hell purifier, Hugo
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Höllenreiner, Hugo Adolf (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German Rome and survivor of Porajmos
DATE OF BIRTH September 15, 1933
PLACE OF BIRTH Munich
DATE OF DEATH June 11, 2015
Place of death Ingolstadt