Hyphessobrycon

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Hyphessobrycon
Red phantom tetra (Hyphessobrycon sweglesi)

Red phantom tetra ( Hyphessobrycon sweglesi )

Systematics
Cohort : Otomorpha
Sub-cohort : Ostariophysi
Otophysa
Order : Tetras (Characiformes)
Family : True tetras (Characidae)
Genre : Hyphessobrycon
Scientific name
Hyphessobrycon
Durbin in Eigenmann , 1908

Hyphessobrycon is a genus of freshwater fish from the family of the true tetras (Characidae). The name Hyphessobrycon is made up of the words hyphesso "smaller" and brycon "biter", which alludes to the strong teeth of the tetra , which are assigned to this genus. The genus consists of over 140 species, but is not considered monophyletic . Hyphessobrycon species are usually quite small, socially living fish thatare native tonorthern and central South America. Very few species are also found in Central America .

features

Hyphessobrycon species have a more or less elongated body, in many species quite high back. The anal fin is long, an adipose fin is present. The sideline is incomplete. The genus differs from the closely related genus Hemigrammus in the dentition and the unscaled base of the caudal fin . Hyphessobrycon species become two to seven centimeters long.

Way of life

Hyphessobrycon species usually only show a tendency to form swarms when they are young or when there is concern or danger . Otherwise they live socially in groups with the aim of maintaining a minimum distance from one another. Males in particular are prone to commentary fights and sometimes defend small areas around preferred stands.

Systematics

The genus Hyphessobrycon is comparatively rich in species, especially since, in the course of newer classifications, some previously independent genera were merged with Hyphessobrycon . Since a revision of the Rosy Tetras by Stanley Weitzman & Lisa Palmer in 1997, the genus Hyphessobrycon also includes the species of the disbanded genus Megalamphodus . Since the type species of the genus, Hyphessobrycon compressus , comes from the catchment area of ​​the Río Papaloapam in southern Mexico, the five Central American species and the species occurring in the Colombian Department del Chocó on the Pacific coast are considered Hyphessobrycon sensu stricto .

Red-blue Colombian ( Hyphessobrycon columbianus )
Blood tetra ( Hyphessobrycon eques )
Kirschflecksalmler ( Hyphessobrycon erythrostigma )
Black phantom tetra ( Hyphessobrycon megalopterus )
Lemon Tetra ( Hyphessobrycon pulchripinnis )
Red-backed Kirschflecksalmler ( Hyphessobrycon pyrrhonotus )

Hyphessobrycon panamensis species group ( Hyphessobrycon -sensu stricto)

Rosy tetra species group

Hyphessobrycon heterorhabdus or Hyphessobrycon agulha species group

Black neon ( Hyphessobrycon herbertaxelrodi )

Hyphessobrycon bifasciatus clade

Yellow of Rio ( Hyphessobrycon bifasciatus )

Hyphessobrycon loweae species group

Kitty Tetra ( Hyphessobrycon heliacus )

Other species currently included in the genus Hyphessobrycon :

Spark tetra ( Hyphessobrycon amandae )
Rautenflecksalmler ( Hyphessobrycon anisitsi )
Red from Rio ( Hyphessobrycon flammeus )

Aquaristics

Many of the most popular aquarium fish belong to the genus . In fact, most of their representatives can be kept and bred well in captivity, although care should be taken that the animals are sociable and therefore should only be kept in groups of at least ten specimens.

On the other hand, care must be taken to ensure that the limited space available in an aquarium does not result in too many individuals falling below the necessary minimum distance permanently (species-specific overstocking). Many species such as the blood tetra Hyphessobrycon eques then tend to aggression within the species, which can lead to damage battles with not inconsiderable injuries.

swell

literature

  • Peter and Martin Hoffmann: Rosy Tetras. In: DATZ the aquarium and terrarium magazine . 6/2004, Verlag Eugen Ulmer , ISSN  1616-3222 .
  • Juan Marcos Mirande: Phylogeny of the family Characidae (Teleostei: Characiformes): from characters to taxonomy. In: Neotropical Ichthyology. 8 (3), 2010, pp. 385-568. PDF
  • Günther Sterba (Ed.), Gert Brückner: Encyclopedia of Aquaristics and Special Ichthyology. Neumann-Neudamm, Melsungen u. a. 1978, ISBN 3-7888-0252-9 .
  • Günther Sterba: The world's freshwater fish. 2nd Edition. Urania-Verlag, Leipzig et al. 1990, ISBN 3-332-00109-4 .
  • Dietmar Kunath, Axel Zarske: Hyphessobrycon […]. In: Claus Schaefer, Torsten Schröer (Hrsg.): The large lexicon of aquaristics. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 2004, ISBN 3-8001-7497-9 , pp. 496-506.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Hyphessobrycon on Fishbase.org (English)
  2. ^ A b Wolfgang Staeck: Tetra from South America. Verlag Dähne 2008, ISBN 978-3-935175-41-8 , pp. 93-94.
  3. ↑ García-Alzate, Carlos A .; Román-Valencia, César; Ortega, Hernán: Hyphessobrycon taphorni y H. eschwartzae (Teleostei: Characidae) dos nuevas especies de peces de la cuenca del río Madre de Dios, Perú Revista de Biología Tropical, vol. 61, núm. 2, junio, 2013
  4. ↑ Ota, RR, Carvalho, FR & Pavanelli, CS (2020): Taxonomic review of the Hyphessobrycon panamensis species-group (Characiformes: Characidae). Zootaxa, 4751 (3): 401-436. DOI: 10.11646 / zootaxa.4751.3.1
  5. ↑ Cristhian C. Conde-Saldaña, Juan G. Albornoz-Garzón, Jorge E. García-Melo, Francisco A. Villa-Navarro, J. Marcos Mirande and Flávio CT Lima. 2019. A New Pristella (Characiformes: Characidae) from the Río Orinoco Basin, Colombia, with A Redefinition of the Genus. Copeia. 107 (3); 439-446. DOI: 10.1643 / CI-18-147
  6. ↑ a b c Axel Zarske: On the systematics of some blood tetra or "Rosy Tetras" (Teleostei: Ostariophysi: Characidae). In: Vertebrate Zoology. 64 (2), 2014, pp. 139–167.
  7. ↑ Carlos A García-Alzate, Cesar Román-Valencia, Donald C. Taphorn: Revision of the Hyphessobrycon heterorhabdus -group (Teleostei: Characiformes: Characidae), with description of two new species from Venezuela. Vertebrate Zoology, 58 (2) 2008 139-157 PDF
  8. ↑ Axel Zarske (2015): Hyphessobrycon clavatus spec. nov. - a new tetra from Peru (Teleostei: Characiformes: Characidae). Vertebrate Zoology, 65 (3): 287-296. PDF
  9. ↑ Flávio CT Lima, Daniel B. Coutinho, Wolmar B. Wosiacki: A new Hyphessobrycon (Ostariophysi: Characiformes: Characidae) from the middle Amazon basin, Brazil. In: Zootaxa. 3872, 2, pp. 167-179, October 2014 doi : 10.11646 / zootaxa.3872.2.3
  10. ↑ Priscila Camelier, Fernando Dagosta, Manoela Marinho: New remarkable sexually dimorphic miniature species of Hyphessobrycon (Characiformes: Characidae) from the upper Rio Tapajós basin . In: Journal of Fish Biology . tape 92 , March 1, 2018, doi : 10.1111 / jfb.13579 ( researchgate.net [accessed October 8, 2019]).
  11. ^ Tiago C. Faria, Flávio CT Lima and Wolmar B. Wosiacki. 2020. A New Hyphessobrycon (Characiformes: Characidae) from the Guiana Shield in Northern Brazil. Copeia. 108 (2); 369-375. DOI: 10.1643 / CI-19-311
  12. ↑ Terán, GE, Benitez, MF & Mirande, JM (2020): Opening the Trojan horse: phylogeny of Astyanax , two new genera and resurrection of Psalidodon (Teleostei: Characidae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society: zlaa019. April 2020. doi: 10.1093 / zoolinnean / zlaa019
  13. ↑ LFS Ingenito, FCT Lima, PA Buckup: A new species of Hyphessobrycon Durbin (Characiformes: Characidae) from the rio Juruena basin, Central Brazil, with notes on H. loweae Costa & Géry. In: Neotropical Ichthyology. 11 (1), 2013, pp. 33-44.

Web links

Commons : Hyphessobrycon  - collection of images, videos and audio files