Jizerka
| Jizerka | |||||
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| Basic data | |||||
| State : |
 Czech Republic
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| Region : | Liberecký kraj | ||||
| District : | Jablonec nad Nisou | ||||
| Municipality : | Kořenov | ||||
| Area : | 2,735,677 ha | ||||
| Geographic location : | 50 ° 49 ' N , 15 ° 21' E | ||||
| Height: | 860 m nm | ||||
| Residents : | 8 (March 1, 2001) | ||||
| Postal code : | 468 50 | ||||
| License plate : | L. | ||||
| traffic | |||||
| Street: | Horní Polubny - Jizerka | ||||
Jizerka (German Klein Iser , formerly Wilhelmshöhe ) is a district of the municipality Kořenov in the Okres Jablonec nad Nisou . The place has eight residents and 23 houses, which are almost exclusively used for tourism or gastronomy.
geography
Jizerka is located not far from the Polish border on the Malá Jizerská louka ( Little Jizera Meadow ) between the Vlašský hřeben ( Welscher Kamm ) and Střední jizerský hřeben ( Mitteliserkamm ) on the stream of the same name, Jizerka ( Little Jizera ), in which the Safírový potok ( sapphire ridge ) and a another stream flow into it. The village was completely surrounded by coniferous forests until around 1970. As a result of the forest decline in the former Black Triangle , the ridges of the Jizera Mountains are now bare. Reforestation measures have been intensified since the 1990s. The snowy and hard winter of 2005/2006 damaged many newly planted young trees by breaking snow. In the winter months the place is a meeting point for cross-country skiers and is touched by the Jizera Mountains ski artery.
The resort at the foot of the volcanic cone of Bukovec (Buchberg, 1005 m) is 860 m above sea level. M. and together with Příchovice is the highest place in the Czech part of the Jizera Mountains . For motorized vehicle traffic, it can only be reached via Horní Polubny . Access by car is only allowed to residents and guests of the village. Since July 15, 2005, the Karlstaler Steg over the border river Iser has been rebuilt as a migration border crossing to Orle (Karlsthal).
history
Around 1550 of the Jizera on Saphirflössel was a small settlement of in the deep woods gem graves that here for sapphires and Iserinen investigated. According to ancient traditions, Elias Link is said to have built a house on the saddle at Keuligen Buchberg in 1570, which led to the establishment of the town. In 1699, Christoph Schönwald built the Hoyerhaus on the way from Mitteliserkamm to Große Iserwiese. In 1704 refugees from Silesia and Saxony settled in the impassable area . In the second half of the 18th century, the settlement called Baude Ling Elis or Haus Eliae Lings consisted of nine properties, eight of which belonged to the Friedland rule and one to the Semil rule . Five of the families were Protestants who belonged to the Meffersdorfer parish, the other four were Catholic. The Wilhelmshöhe settlement emerged around the glassworks built on the Kleine Iserwiese in 1769 , but which was closed again . In addition to glass manufacturing, the residents lived from forestry and bird trapping and were subordinate to the court in Weißbach . In 1828 the glass maker Franz Riedel had a new glassworks built on the Kleine Iserwiese, which produced hollow glass and luster stones (cut pressed glass). From then on, Wilhelmshöhe received its own local jurisdiction, and the settlement on Keuligen Buchberg has been called Buchberg since then .
In 1832 the scattered settlement Iser or Buchberg , also called Wilhelmshöhe or the Iserhäuser , consisted of 21 buildings with 134 German-speaking residents. The main source of income was forestry and animal husbandry . Because of the altitude and the cold boiler on the Kleine Iserwiese, only pasture farming was possible, all field crops had to be imported from Přichowitz or Pollaun. There was a stately hunter's house in the village. The parish was Pollaun . When Franz Riedel's nephew and son-in-law Josef Riedel took over the Jägerhaus in 1841, he moved his residence to Wilhelmshöhe until 1844 and had a manor house built there. Iser remained subject to the allodial rule of Friedland until the middle of the 19th century .
After the abolition of patrimonial , Wilhelmshöhe / Buchberg and Hujerhaus formed a part of the municipality of Weißbach in the Bunzlauer Kreis in the Friedland judicial district from 1850 . From 1868 the village belonged to the Friedland district . In 1866 a second glassworks went into operation next to the manor house, which produced until 1911. After the closure of the glassworks, a sawmill was the town's largest operation. Over the Jizera , which formed the border with Silesia, the Karlstaler Steg led below the Buchberg to the neighboring town of Orle (Karlstal) on the other side of the border and on over the old toll road to Schreiberhau . Another way, the Zollweg, led over the Mitteliserkamm at the Hegerhaus , later called the Hoyerhaus after its residents, at the Koberhäuser over the Iser to the Große Iserwiese to Groß Iser in Silesia. The customs house was located at the foot of the Buchberg, where both roads met. After the First World War , the new glassworks served as a youth hostel. The old one fell into disrepair and was removed.
At the beginning of the 20th century, Iser or Wilhelmshöhe and Buchberg were combined to form the village of Klein Iser and, from 1924, received the Czech place name Jizerka . For the emerging tourism, the Baude Zum Buchberg ( Chata pod Bukovcem ) was built on the Buchbergsattel , in the 1930s the smaller Buchbergbaude was added opposite (since about 2000 Pension Kakrda ). In 1930 there were 157 people living in Jizerka. After the Munich Agreement , it was incorporated into the German Reich in 1938; Klein Iser initially belonged as a district of Weißbach to the Friedland district . On May 1, 1939, Klein Iser was separated from Weißbach and assigned to the Gablonz an der Neisse district as an independent municipality . In the 1939 census , the community of Klein Iser including the Hoyerhaus ( Hojerův dům ) had 125 inhabitants. After the end of the Second World War, the place came back to Czechoslovakia and has since borne the Czech name again. In 1946 and 1947, most of the German-Bohemian residents were expelled. As a result, numerous buildings fell into disrepair and had to be demolished. In the 1960s, the bridge on Karlstaler Steg, which had been closed since the end of the war, was torn away by a flood of the Jizera. Because of the small number of inhabitants, it was incorporated into Kořenov in 1960 . After the youth hostel fire, the ruins of the glassworks were used as a cowshed. The Hoyerhaus burned down in the 1960s. From 1980, Gustav Ginzel and Helfer largely repaired the manor house. In 1989, the reconstruction of the building of the former glassworks began, which has since been a restaurant, guesthouse and sports hall. The manor houses a hotel. In 1991 the place had only two residents. In 2001 the village consisted of 13 houses, in which eight people lived again. In 2005 the Pyramida was restored to its historical design, an almost 100 year old restaurant.
Iserwiese
Long before the town was founded, the Iserwiese gained great importance as a place where precious stones were found . In the 15th century it was mainly whales that looked for sapphire , topaz , zircon , emerald and ruby . Precious stones have been found time and again, especially on the Saphirflössel on the edge of the Kleiner Isermoor. This included in particular rare titanium iron stones, which are called Iserine after the site .
The Iserwiese was part of the Friedland rule and its owners, the Bibersteiners, had the stones digged and washed themselves from the beginning of the 16th century. Foreign gem hunters were forbidden from any activity with threat of dazzling. The chroniclers Bohuslav Balbinus , Caspar von Schwenckfeld and Nicolaus Henel also report on the gemstone finds on the Iserwiese, which was considered the most important site in Bohemia at the time of Rudolf II .
In 1539 a border dispute broke out between the lords of Friedland and Nawarow over the Iserwiese, which was only settled in 1591 in favor of the Friedlanders.
On July 8, 1595, Rudolf II granted the miners Leonhard Stadler and Johann Eckstein a privilege to search for gemstones on the Iserwiese, and the priest Simon Thaddäus Budeccius von Falkenberg and the stone cutter Willibald Heffter received the same later. In the 17th century, Albrecht von Waldstein commissioned Italian gemstone hunters to investigate the mountains between Isermoor and Buchberg. Franz Xaver Zippe described the Iserwiese in 1824 in the articles on knowledge of the mineral kingdom .
Gemstone graves tried their luck on the Iserwiese again and again, the last major attempts were made after the First World War.
Attractions
- The place also became known through the manure house and its owner, the globetrotter Gustav Ginzel , for whose lectures and guided tours through the house many day tourists came, mainly from the GDR . At the same time, the house was a popular meeting place for mountaineers. The manure house has been closed for a few years.
- The small Isermoor has been declared a nature reserve and is only accessible on marked trails.
- The Bukovec has some warm spring areas on its slopes, where the globe flower , the yellow-flowered tripod and the swallow-root gentian can be found.
- To the north-west of the village, five kilometers away, is the famous Smědava (Wittighaus). The Darretalsperre is located south-west of Klein-Iser, over the Welschen Kamm . Because of the catchment area of this drinking water dam and the Isermoor nature reserve, the roads between Jizerka and the Wittighaus and from there to the dam were closed to motor vehicle traffic.
- Pytlácke Kameny (Raubschützenfelsen, 975 m) and Wackelstein (Viklan) on the Mitteliserkamm
- In the former school, the North Bohemian Museum in Liberec has a permanent exhibition on the history of Jizerka and life in the Jizera Mountains
- Stone obelisk in front of the Chata Pyramida
- Ruin of the Hoyerhaus
Web links
- Jizerka in the TAZ; 2005
- http://www.landeszeitung.cz/archiv/2001/index.php?edt=08&id=03 ( Memento from September 27, 2007 in the Internet Archive )
- Czech side Jizera Mountains Highway, information on cross-country trails and trails
Individual evidence
- ↑ For the area of the Jizerka land cadastre, see cadastral municipality
- ↑ Jaroslaus Schaller : Topography of the Kingdom of Bohemia. Part 4: Bunzlauer Kreis. Piskaczek, Prague 1786, p. 298 .
- ↑ Johann Gottfried Sommer : The Kingdom of Bohemia. Volume 2: Bunzlauer Kreis. Calve, Prague 1834, p. 320 .
- ^ Friedland administrative history
- ^ Official Czech statistical information; 2009
5. Junker, Ullrich "Klein Iser (Jizerka)", Bodnegg 1995, self-published
6. Nevrly / Simm / Pikous "Try Iseriny: Jizerka- Velka Jizera- Orle", Liberec 2006, ISBN 80-903252-7-0