Józef Sandel

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Józef Sandel (born September 29, 1894 in Kolomyja , † December 1, 1962 in Warsaw ; Yiddish : יוסף סאנדעל; German spelling: Josef Sandel, also Joseph Sandel) was a Polish-Jewish art historian , journalist and art dealer . From 1929 to 1933 he ran the Galerie Junge Kunst at Lüttichaustraße 21 in Dresden . After the Second World War he published numerous works in Warsaw, in Yiddish, on Jewish artists in Poland and wrote a two-volume reference work on Jewish artists who perished during the Holocaust . From 1950 to 1953 he was director of the Museum of the Jewish Historical Institute in Warsaw.

Life

Józef Sandel was born in Kolomyja in 1894 as the youngest of seven children. He attended the Jewish public school in Kolomyja founded by Baron Maurice de Hirsch . In 1912 he moved to Dresden to live with his siblings. During the First World War he served as a soldier in the Austro-Hungarian army . After the First World War he returned to Kolomyja and came into contact with the communist movement . In 1920 Sandel returned to Dresden and studied at the Dresden School of Applied Arts . In 1924 he became a co-owner of a clothes shop in Dresden and began promoting young artists from the area of ​​the Association of Revolutionary Visual Artists . In 1925, Sandel supported the anti-bourgeois magazine “Mob - Zeitschrift der Junge” around Rudolf Braune and Martin Raschke as a publisher with the establishment of a “Mob bookshop” at Pöppelmannstrasse 7 . From 1925 to 1928 Sandel lived in France , Switzerland and Austria before coming back to Dresden in 1928.

Young Art Gallery

In 1929 Sandel opened the Galerie Junge Kunst at Lüttichaustraße 21 in Dresden . Sandel traded with Dresden and foreign art and organized several exhibitions. The Galerie Junge Kunst offered artists from the association of revolutionary visual artists and young artists the opportunity to exhibit their works to the public. So found u. a. Exhibitions with Hans and Lea Grundig , Eugen Hoffmann , Hermann Theodor Richter , Curt Querner , Wilhelm Lachnit , Fritz Skade , Fritz Tröger , Otto Griebel , Alexander Neroslow , Pol Cassel , Miron Sima , Paul Berger-Bergner , Fritz Schulze and the one from the Mob Movement emerged Wilhelm Dodel instead.

In 1929 and in February / March 1930, Sandel organized the exhibition “Young Dresden Art” in the Wertheim Gallery in Berlin in collaboration with Hildebrand Gurlitt . At the exhibition of 1930 u. a. Otto Griebel, Alexander Neroslow, Guido Herbert , Josef Hegenbarth , Wilhelm Lachnit, Eugen Hoffmann, Hermann Werner Kubsch , Lea and Hans Grundig, Fritz Skade and Ewald Schönberg took part.

In August 1929 an exhibition with current works of German woodcut was organized in the Galerie Junge Kunst in Dresden . Were shown u. a. Works by Käthe Kollwitz , Karl Schmidt-Rottluff , Emil Nolde , Heinrich Campendonk , Erich Heckel , Max Pechstein , Jakob Steinhardt and Conrad Felixmüller .

The Galerie Junge Kunst , along with the Galerie Arnold , the Emil Richter art salon , the Neue Kunst Fides gallery and the Kühl art exhibition, was one of the focal points in Dresden for modern art of the time. After the seizure of power of the Nazis in 1933 moved Sandel to Belgrade .

exile

In 1935 Sandel was ordered to leave Yugoslavia for ideological reasons . He first moved to Vilnius and in 1936 to Warsaw, where he became a member of the Jewish Society of Fine Arts (Polish: Żydowskie Towarzystwo Krzewienia Sztuk Pięknych , ŻTKSP) and the Association of Polish Jewish Artists. In 1939 he was commissioned to organize the summer exhibition of Polish artists in Kazimierz Dolny . After the German troops marched into Poland , Sandel moved to Lviv and worked in the museum department of the Academy of Sciences of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic . After the outbreak of the German-Soviet War , Sandel lived in the Turkmen Soviet Socialist Republic from 1942 to 1945 and worked as a German teacher.

post war period

In 1946, Sandel returned to Poland and settled in Warsaw. He became head of the Art Committee of the Central Committee of Jews in Poland and chairman of the newly established Jewish Society of Fine Arts of Poland (ŻTKSP). In 1948, Sandel organized the exhibition “Works by Jewish Artists - Martyrs of the German Occupation 1939–1945” in the building of the Jewish Historical Institute in Warsaw under the auspices of the Jewish Society of Fine Arts of Poland. From 1950 to 1953 he was director of the Museum of the Jewish Historical Institute in Warsaw.

Józef Sandel died in Warsaw in 1962 and was buried in the Jewish cemetery on Okopowa Street .

Publications (selection)

  • Żydowscy artyści plastycy ofiary hitlerowskiej okupacji w Polsce . 2 volumes, Wydawnictwo Idisz book, Warsaw 1957.

literature

  • Jewish Historical Institute Museum (ed.): Art History and the Fight for Memory. Józef Sandel (1894–1962). Founder of the Jewish Historical Institute Museum. An Exhibition at the E. Ringelblum Jewish Historical Institute in Warsaw, October 6, 2016 - March 19, 2017 . Warsaw 2016, ISBN 978-83-65254-41-2 .
  • Arntraut Kalhorn: Alexander Neroslow. A painter in Germany in the 20th century. A biographical collage . Thomas Helms Verlag, Schwerin 2013, ISBN 978-3-940207-92-0 , p. 18-22, 36, 163 .
  • Karin Müller-Kelwing: The Dresden Secession 1932 . Georg Olms Verlag, Hildesheim 2010, ISBN 978-3-487-14397-2 , pp. 56 .
  • Lea Grundig : Josef Sandel - a special kind of patron . In: Fine arts . 1972, ISSN  0006-2391 , p. 465 .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Martin Hollender: "All letters and shipments go to Rudolf Braune". The era of the mob . In: "A dangerous unrest in the blood ...". Rudolf Braune. Writer and journalist (1907–1932). Biography and Bibliography . Grupello-Verlag, Düsseldorf 2004, ISBN 3-89978-013-2 , p. 20–36 ( digitized version [PDF]).
  2. ↑ Mob. Boys' Journal. Auction house Nosbüsch & pieces, The Saleroom. January 23, 2016, accessed March 12, 2017 .
  3. ^ Erhard Frommhold : Art trade in Dresden - A tradition of modernity . In: Dresdner Geschichtsverein (Hrsg.): Dresdner Hefte . 15th year, issue 49, 1/97, 1997, p. 67-68 ( digitized version ).
  4. ↑ Birgit Dalbajewa: “ Enthusiastic about the social idea”. Young Dresden artists in their contemporary reception around 1925 . In: New Objectivity in Dresden. Painting of the twenties from Dix ​​to Querner . Sandstein-Verlag, Dresden 2011, ISBN 978-3-942422-57-4 , p. 96 ( digital version [PDF]).
  5. ↑ Arntraut Kalhorn: Alexander Nero Slow. A painter in Germany in the 20th century. A biographical collage . Thomas Helms Verlag, Schwerin 2013, ISBN 978-3-940207-92-0 , p. 18, 36 .
  6. ↑ Art exhibitions. Dresden . In: Adolph Donath (Ed.): Der Kunstwanderer . 1./2. August issue, 1929, p. 566 ( digitized version ).
personal data
SURNAME Sandel, Jozef
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Sandel, Josef
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Polish art historian, publicist and art dealer
DATE OF BIRTH September 29, 1894
PLACE OF BIRTH Kolomyia
DATE OF DEATH December 1, 1962
Place of death Warsaw