Jack Goody

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Jack Goody, 2009

Sir John Rankine "Jack" Goody (born July 27, 1919 in Hammersmith , London Borough of Hammersmith and Fulham , † July 16, 2015 in Cambridge ) was a British ethnologist , anthropologist and media theorist .

Life

Jack Goody was born in 1919 as the eldest son of Harold Ernest Goody (1885–1969) from the London Borough of Hammersmith and Fulham and his wife Lilian (née Rankine) (1885–1962) from Scotland ( Turriff , Aberdeenshire ) in the London borough of Hammersmith ( London Borough of Hammersmith and Fulham ). The father worked first as an electrician, then as a journalist and finally as a manager of a London advertising agency.

Jack Goody grew up with his younger brother Richard (* 1921) in Welwyn Garden City in Hertfordshire and Saint Albans about 35 km north of London. (Another, also younger brother, Hugh, born in 1924, died in 1928 at the age of four). From 1930 he attended the St Albans School. In 1938 he began studying English literature at St. John's College , Cambridge . During this time he made the acquaintance of several left-wing intellectuals such as Eric Hobsbawm , Raymond Williams and Edward P. Thompson .

The outbreak of the Second World War in 1939 and his entry into the British Army forced him to abandon his studies. Goody was first stationed in Cyprus , then used in North Africa. In 1942 he was captured by Germany near Tobruk and had to spend the next three years in prisoner-of-war camps in North Africa, Italy ( Chieti ) and Germany. During his imprisonment in Italy he managed to escape from the camp twice. For some time he went underground with farmers in Abruzzo , then in Rome , but was caught again by the Germans on both occasions.

During his imprisonment in German camps (first Eichstätt - Oflag VII B , then Moosburg - Stalag VII A ) (which luckily had their own libraries), two books fell into his hands that were of great importance for the direction of his later scientific work Influence should be: The Golden Bough (German: the golden branch ) written by the ethno- and anthropologist James George Frazer , as well as What Happened in History (German: stages of culture: from prehistoric times to antiquity ), a work published in 1942 by archaeologist Vere Gordon Childe .

After the end of the Second World War he worked for a short time in adult education, but resumed his abandoned studies in 1946 and after only four months did his BA in English literature. He then switched to the Faculty of Archeology and Anthropology , where he a. a. was taught by Meyer Fortes . In 1947 he made a diploma in anthropology. In 1952 he completed this with the BLitt (Bachelor of Letters) at Balliol College . A scholarship from the Colonial Social Science Research Council (CSSRC) (founded in 1944) enabled him to return to Cambridge, St. John's College , to do his Ph.D. to do in anthropology. Dissertation topic: The Ethnography of the Northern Territories of the Gold Coast , West of the White Volta. The work was supervised by Meyer Fortes and Edward E. Evans-Pritchard . He then undertook field studies in northern Ghana with the LoWiili and LoDagaa peoples. Goody worked on comparative studies between Europe, Africa and Asia. From 1954 to 1984 he taught social anthropology at the University of Cambridge, from 1961 he taught at St John's College in Cambridge, accepted a professorship in Ghana in the 1960s, and from 1973 to 1984 as William Wyse Professorship in Social Anthropology. In 1976 Goody Fellow of the British Academy and also knighted by the Queen. In 1987 he gave Luce lectures at Yale University.

Goody has done pioneering work in the comparative anthropology of literacy, examining the requirements and effects of writing styles as a technology. But he has also published on the history of the family and the anthropology of inheritance. More recently he has written on the anthropology of flowers and food.

plant

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Goody has published numerous influential publications on written culture , family history, and rituals. Goody is considered one of the most famous English-speaking cultural scientists.

Achievements of alphabet fonts

“The reason for the success of the alphabet, which David Diringer, in contrast to the 'theocratic' Egyptian script, describes as a 'democratic' script, is related to the fact that its graphic characters - and in this it differs from all other writing systems - representations of the the most extreme and universal example of cultural selection - the elementary phonemic system. Although human speech tools can produce a huge number of sounds, almost all languages ​​rely on the formal recognition of only about forty of these sounds by members of a society. The success of the alphabet (the same applies to some of its occasional difficulties) is due to the fact that its system of graphic representation takes advantage of this socially conventionalized sound structure in all language systems, because it is by the fact that the alphabet symbolizes these selected phonemic elements it is possible to write down everything that society can talk about without any effort and to read the scriptures without ambiguity. [...] "

- Jack Goody : Translation on michael-giesecke.de

“[...] The writing down of some of the essential elements of the cultural tradition in Greece made two things aware: the difference between past and present and the internal contradictions in the image of life given to the individual by the cultural tradition, insofar as it was recorded in writing was, was conveyed. We can assume that these two effects of the generally widespread alphabetic writing have persisted and have intensified many times over, especially since the invention of the art of printing. "

- Jack Goody : Translation on michael-giesecke.de

Private

Jack Goody was first married to Joan Wright since 1946. His second marriage in 1956 was Esther Newcomb, the eldest daughter of the renowned social psychologist Theodore M (ead) Newcomb (1903-1984). Esther Newcomb was also an anthropologist and published numerous works on this subject. In 2000 he was married to Juliet Mitchell, a professor of psychoanalysis and gender studies , in his third marriage . The first marriage had three children - Jeremy, Joanna, and Jane - and the second marriage had daughters Mary and Rachel.

Awards

Fonts

  • 1954: The Ethnography of the Northern Territories of the Gold Coast, West of the White Volta. (Dissertation) London: Colonial Office
  • 1956: The social organization of the LoWiili (Colonial Research Studies 19) , 2nd ed. 1976. London, published for the International African Institute by the Oxford University Press
  • 1962: Death, Property and the Ancestors: A Study of the Mortuary Customs of the LoDagaa of West Africa. Stanford University Press, ISBN 0-422-98080-3 )
  • 1967: The Social Organization of the LoWiili. Institute of African Studies, London
  • 1969: Comparative Studies in Kinship . Stanford University Press
  • 1971: Technology, Tradition, and the State in Africa. Oxford University Press
  • 1972: The Myth of the Bagre. Oxford University Press, ISBN 0-19-815134-9 )
  • 1976: Family and Inheritance . (edited by J. Goody, J. Thirsk, EP Thompson), Cambridge.
  • 1977: The Domestication of the Savage Mind . Cambridge University Press, ISBN 978-0-521-29242-9
  • 1977: Production and Reproduction. A Comparative Study of the Domestic Domain . Cambridge University Press
  • 1981: Literacy in traditional societies . Frankfurt am Main (German edition of Literacy in traditional society . Cambridge University Press 1968)
  • 1982: Cooking, Cuisine and Class. A Study in Comparative Sociology . Cambridge University Press
  • 1986: The Development of Marriage and the Family in Europe . Reimer, ISBN 3-496-00827-X (German edition of The Development of the family and marriage in Europe . Cambridge University Press, 1983)
  • 1987: The Interface between the Written and the Oral . Cambridge University Press, ISBN 978-0-521-33268-2
  • 1990: The Logic of Writing and the Organization of Society . Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp. ISBN 3-518-58061-2 (German edition of The Logic of Writing and the Organization of Society . Cambridge University Press 1986)
  • 1990: The Oriental, the Ancient and the Primitive . Cambridge University Press
  • 1990: Systems of Marriage and the Family in the Pre-Industrial Societies of Eurasia (Studies in Literacy, the Family, Culture and the State). Cambridge University Press ISBN 0-521-36761-1
  • 1993: The Culture of Flowers . Cambridge University Press
  • 1995: The Expansive Moment. The Rise of Social Anthropology in Britain and Africa 1918–1970 . Cambridge University Press
  • 1996: The East in the West . Cambridge University Press
  • 1997: Representations and Contradictions. Ambivalence Towards Images / Theater / Fiction / Relics and Sexuality . Blackwell Publishers
  • 1998: The Development of Marriage and the Family in Europe . Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp. ISBN 3-518-28381-2 (German edition of The Development of the family and marriage in Europe . Cambridge University Press, 1994)
  • 1998: Food and Love. A Cultural History of East and West . Verso
  • 1998: Literacy in traditional societies . Suhrkamp, ​​Frankfurt am Main, ISBN 3-518-57504-X
  • 1999: The European Family (Making of Europe Series). Blackwell Publishers
  • 2000: The Power of the Written Tradition . Smithsonian Institution Press
  • 2002: family history . CH Beck, Munich, ISBN 3-406-48439-5 ( review as PDF file )
  • 2003: Origin and consequences of the written culture . Suhrkamp, ​​Frankfurt am Main, ISBN 3-518-28200-X (with Ian Watt and Kathleen Gough , German edition of The Logic of Writing and the Organization of Society ; an excerpt from the anthology Literacy in traditional societies from 1968 with an introduction by Heinz Schlaffer )
  • 2004: Capitalism and Modernity . Polity Press
  • 2004: Islam in Europe . Polity Press

See also

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Ancestry.com: Harold Ernest Goody
  2. ^ Goody family blog: Harold Ernest Goody
  3. ↑ Goody family blog: Lilian Renkine (should be called Rankine - according to Jack Goody's own statements)
  4. ^ Goody family blog: John Rankine Goody
  5. ↑ Britain is no country for old men blog July 22, 2015: Britain is no longer a country for and says "Farewell" to an old and revered anthropologist called Jack Goody
  6. ^ Jack Goody: Au-delà des murs, Paris, Parenthèses, MMSH, 2003 (excerpts), p. 163
  7. ↑ youtube: An Interview with the anthropologist Jack Goody May 18, 1991 - Part 1
  8. ↑ youtube: An Interview with the anthropologist Jack Goody May 18, 1991 - Part 2
  9. ^ Alan Macfarlane: An Interview with the anthropologist Jack Goody May 18, 1991 - short transcript of the interview
  10. ^ Goody family blog: Richard W. Goody
  11. ↑ Goody family blog: Hugh R. Goody
  12. ^ Jack Goody: Metals, Culture and Capitalism: An Essay on the Origins of the Modern World. Cambridge University Press 2012 (see here Acknowledgments)
  13. ↑ Jack Goody: Au-delà des murs, Paris, Parenthèses, MMSH, 2003 (excerpts)
  14. ↑ University of Cambridge - St. John's College: Professor Sir Jack Goody: 1919–2015 ( Memento of the original from January 3, 2017 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.joh.cam.ac.uk
  15. ^ Alan Macfarlane: An Interview with the anthropologist Jack Goody May 18, 1991 - short transcript of the interview
  16. ↑ Jack Goody: Au-delà des murs, Paris, Parenthèses, MMSH, 2003 (excerpts)
  17. ^ Thomas Grillot: The Need to Compare. Jack Goody's Historical Anthropology , Booksandideas February 4, 2013
  18. ^ University of Cambridge - St. John's College: Professor Sir John (Jack) Rankine Goody FBA
  19. ↑ Jack Goody: Peuplement: études comparatives, Northern Ghana and Burkina Faso - map: study area
  20. ↑ Richard Kuba + Carola Lentz: The Dagara and their Neighbors (Burkina Faso and Ghana) (Bibliography) in: Electronic Journal of Africana Bibliography. Here: No. 271 - 309
  21. ^ University of Cambridge - St. John's College: Professor Sir John (Jack) Rankine Goody FBA
  22. ↑ a b Jack Goody: What's in a list? In: The Domestication of the Savage Mind. Cambridge Uni Press, 1977, pp. 74-111. ( Excerpt in translation on michael-giesecke.de )
  23. ^ NYT December 31, 1984: Theodore M. Newcomb dies: Pioneer in Social Psychology
  24. ↑ University of Cambridge - Jesus College: Prof. Juliet Mitchell ( Memento of the original from September 23, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.britac.ac.uk
  25. ↑ Psychoanalysts. Biographical Lexicon: Juliet Mitchell
  26. ^ The Guardian August 7, 2015: Sir Jack Goody obituary
personal data
SURNAME Goody, Jack
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Goody, John Rankine (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION British ethnologist, anthropologist and media theorist
DATE OF BIRTH July 27, 1919
PLACE OF BIRTH Hammersmith , London Borough of Hammersmith and Fulham
DATE OF DEATH July 16, 2015
Place of death Cambridge