Jacques II de Chabannes

Jacques de Chabannes, Seigneur de La Palice, Beauregard Castle , Galerie des Illustres

Jacques II. De Chabannes, Seigneur de La Palice (* around 1470 La Palice , † February 24, 1525 near Pavia ) was a French nobleman and military man. His full name is Jacques II. De Chabannes, Seigneur de La Palice , de Pacy, de Chauverothe, de Bort et d ' Héron . In 1511 he became Grand Master of France . As Marshal of France (since January 7, 1515) he fell in the battle of Pavia .

biography

Jacques II. De Chabannes was the eldest son of Geoffroi de Chabannes, Seigneur de La Palice and Charlotte de Prie. At the age of 15 he entered the service of King Charles VIII of the same age . His first battle was the Battle of Saint-Aubin-du-Cormier (1488). In 1494 he followed the king in the campaign to conquer the Kingdom of Naples , was present in the occupation of the city in 1495, but also in the battle of Fornovo on July 6, 1495, as a result of which the French were able to complete their retreat from Italy.

After Charles's death, Jacques de Chabannes accompanied the new King Louis XII. on his campaign against the Duchy of Milan , which the French occupied in 1499. He conquered parts of Abruzzo and Apulia and was appointed Viceroy of Abruzzo in 1502. On February 23, 1503, he was defeated at the Battle of Ruvo and captured by Gonzalo Fernández de Córdoba y Aguilar . In 1504 he was released again.

In 1507 he commanded the French vanguard at the siege of Genoa , in which he was badly wounded. When the League of Cambrai's war against the Republic of Venice began in 1509 , de Chabannes was present at the siege of Treviglio and the victorious battle of Agnadello . He was now commander in chief of the French troops in Lombardy and took part - sent to stand by Emperor Maximilian I - in the unsuccessful siege of Padua. In 1511, after the death of Charles II d'Amboise , he became Commander-in-Chief for Italy and Grand Master of France .

After Gaston de Foix arrived in Italy, La Palice was subordinate to him; he succeeded in lifting the siege of Bologna by the Spaniards. He took part in the Battle of Ravenna , in which Foix fell, whereupon La Palice was his successor as French commander in chief. However, his hesitant actions allowed the defeated enemies to recover and drive the French out of Lombardy.

After his return to France, de Chabannes was sent to the Pyrenees to meet John III. of Navarre to save. But soon it was diverted to Thérouanne , at that time the last French possession in Artois , in order to oppose the English. On August 6, 1513, he was defeated in the Spore Battle and taken prisoner. The simultaneous defeat of John of Navarre marked the end of King Ludwig's expansion plans. La Palice was released and withdrew to his estates.

Ludwig's successor Franz I gave Jacques de Chabannes back the office of Grand Master and on January 7, 1515 added that of Marshal of France. Under the command of Marshal Aubigny , he took part in the invasion of Piedmont , the conquest of Villafranca against Prospero Colonna and was one of Franz's lieutenants in the battle of Marignano . After signing the Treaty of Noyon on August 13, 1516, de Chabannes returned to France.

La Palice was sent to Calais and negotiated peace with the future Emperor Charles V , who at the time was Duke of the Burgundian Netherlands . When the participants did not come to a conclusion, he returned to Italy under the command of Marshal Lautrec and was in command of the French main line in the Battle of Bicocca (April 27, 1522), in which he was defeated by Colonna. La Palice was sent again to the Pyrenees, then in an unsuccessful attempt to defeat Marseille before the siege by Charles III. de Bourbon-Montpensier to preserve. After conquering Avignon , he moved to Milan, which the Spaniards had given up. On October 28, 1524, La Palice began the siege of Pavia at the side of the king, which was defended by Antonio de Leyva . When the combined Imperial-Spanish army arrived, the battle of Pavia took place on February 25, 1525 . La Palice was captured by German mercenaries during the battle and executed some time later.

Marriages and offspring

Jacques de Chabannes married Jeanne de Montbéron († after 1504), daughter of Chamberlain Eustache de Montbéron, Vicomte d'Aunay, and Marguerite d'Estuer. The marriage remained childless. In 1514 he married Marie de Melun († after 1536), Dame de Montricourt, d'Authon et de La Basoche, daughter of Jean III. de Melun, Seigneur d'Antoing, and Isabelle de Luxembourg, widow of Johann von Bruges , Lord von Gruuthuse. His children are:

• Charles, † 1552, Seigneur de La Palice, de Montagu, de Châtelperron, de Chizelles, de Dompierre et de Vandenesse ; ⚭ (1) Anne de Mendozze; ⚭ (2) Catherine, daughter of Antoine de la Rochefoucauld , Seigneur de Barbezieux ( House La Rochefoucauld )
• Marie; ⚭ Claude de Savoie Comte de Tende, † 1569 ( House of Savoy )
• Charlotte; ⚭ February 19, 1538 Antoine Seigneur de Moy
• Marguerite, nun
• Louise, nun

literature

• Claude Quétel, Un illustrious inconnu: La Palice , Revue Historia, no.720 , December 2006.
• Valérie Bessey, Construire l'Armée Française. Textes fondateurs des Institutions militaires , Volume 1: De la France des premiers Valois à la fin du règne de François Ier , Edition Brépols. 2007
• Claude Merle, Dictionnaire des Grandes Batailles du Monde Européen . Edition Pygmalion, Paris 2009
• Robert Knecht, Jacques II de Chabannes, seigneur de La Palisse ou La Palice (v. 1470-1525) , in: Cédric Michon (ed.), Les conseillers de François Ie r, Rennes, Presses universitaires de Rennes, Coll. Histoire, L'univers de la cour , 2011, ISBN 978-2-7535-1313-6 , pp. 163-172.
• Cédric Michon (ed.), Conseils et Conseillers dans l'Europe de la Renaissance (1450–1550) , Edition Presse Universitaire de Rennes. 2018
• Jean-Marie Le Gall, Les combattants de Pavie. Octobre 1524 - 24 février 1525 , Revue historique, Paris, Presses universitaires de France, No. 671, July 2014, pp. 567–596
• Michael Mallett, Christine Shaw, The Italian Wars 1494-1559: War, State and Society in Early Modern Europe , Edition Routlège. Oxford 2014 & 2018. (Jacques de Chabannes, Seigneur de La Palice, pp. 60, 69, 84, 94, 102, 108, 109, 110, 111, 128, 152)