Jakob Glatz

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Jakob Glatz

Jakob Glatz (born November 17, 1776 in Deutschendorf , Kingdom of Hungary ; † September 25, 1831 in Preßburg , ibid.) Was an Evangelical Lutheran preacher, educator and writer.

Life

Jakob Glatz was born the son of the blacksmith Johann Glatz (* 1747 in Mischkolz ; † 1805) and his wife Katharina Probstner (* 1757 in Ólubló ). His childhood as well as school and study time fell in a time of upheaval, in which the school and education system in the Habsburg monarchy was reorganized by the Ratio Educationis issued by Maria Theresa in 1777 . Already at the age of twelve it became clear to Glatz that he did not want to take over his father's handicraft business, but wanted to pursue an intellectual profession. Therefore he moved to the Protestant Lyceum in Kesmark in 1788 , where Johannes Genersich (* 1761; † 1823) exerted a strong influence on him. After three years Glatz changed schools, as it was in the curriculum of the Protestants in the old Kingdom of Hungary. He went to Mischkolz to learn the Hungarian language . In 1793 he went to Pressburg to study further at the Protestant Lyceum there. At that time, the Lyceum there had the reputation of being a "small hall" or a small Jena , if you don't consider it to be a small branch of the Protestant German universities at all . There he devoted himself intensively to his studies, he founded a "German society", he composed and wrote smaller dramas, one of which was even performed in the Pressburg theater .

In 1796 he left the Preßburg he had grown dearly and turned to Solana in Jena, which the Lutherans in the Kingdom of Hungary preferred to frequent . There he heard lectures by Johann Gottlieb Fichte , which excited him very much. However, he received the decisive impetus for his further life from Christian Gotthilf Salzmann , who invited him to work on a school and education model at the educational institution in Schnepfenthal near Gotha . For a while Glatz worked at this institution as an educator. In 1799 he published his book Freymuthige Remarks of a Hungarians about his Fatherland in Gotha . On a trip through several provinces. The book caused a sensation because of its courageous criticism of the conditions in Hungary and was placed on the index of banned books in Hungary . Above all, this book was suitable to ignite the national consciousness of the Hungarian Germans.

In 1804 he went to Vienna , where he filled a vacant teaching position at the local Protestant school. After two years at school, he moved from the chair to the pulpit. He was first third, then second preacher of the Vienna Evangelical Congregation . In 1806 he was appointed to the consistory of the Augsburg confession. As a consistorial councilor, he enforced the repeal of Catholic censorship on all Protestant religious publications with the emperor. And he made a contribution to the implementation of the Reformation celebrations in 1817 and at the same time played a major role in the establishment of the Evangelical Theological Institute in Vienna. Glatz was at the height of his life and work, honored by the Danish and Prussian kings as well as the kings of Bavaria and Württemberg , who sat under his pulpit during the Vienna Congress . He was also honored by the last Imperial Chancellor of the empire, the Archbishop of Mainz , Karl Theodor von Dalberg . As a representative of theological rationalism , Glatz was concerned with denominational reconciliation throughout his life.

When Glatz wanted to resign his official business after twelve years, Emperor Franz I did not accept his pension request, but approved an extraordinary staff allowance and urged him to stay. Only in 1824 did he move to his beloved Pressburg, where he spent the last years of his life. He knew how to praise Pressburg, the city of his youth, in hymn verses:

It is undisputed that Pressburg is in many respects the first, most excellent city in Hungary [...] One notices at once that a milder genius rules over it, and one can already feel the foretaste of Teutschland. It is only ten miles from Vienna, is in great contact with this residence, and therefore has a lot in common with it in terms of language, customs and way of life.

He now performed his duties as consistorial councilor from Pressburg. In 1828 he published a hymn book for the German-speaking communities in his consistorial district, which was published in three editions. However, this hymn book met with decided opposition in the pietistically minded communities. In 1829 he wrote a church agenda, it was his last major work. On the evening of his life, the Georg August University in Göttingen awarded him the title of Doctor of Theology for his work . c.

Jakob Glatz died at the age of 55 on September 25, 1831, and was buried on September 27, 1831 in the Evangelical Gaistor Cemetery in Pressburg.

His widow had a tombstone placed for him with the inscription:

Here rests / Jakob Glatz / Doctor der Theologie, kk Consistorialrath AC / born in Poprad, Nov. 17, 1776, died in / Preßburg, Sept. 25, 1831. / The unforgettable / dedicate this monument / his grieving wife and grateful children

family

In 1807 he married Sophie Rosine Laßgallner, who came from Spiš (born August 15, 1783 in Zipser Neudorf ; † December 25, 1849 in Pressburg)

  • Friederike (* 1808 in Vienna, † 1883 in Preßburg)
  • Karl (* 1812 in Vienna, † 1899 in Ofen )
  • Eduard (born November 16, 1812 in Vienna, † May 31, 1889 in Budapest ), educator and caretaker of the German nationality in Pressburg
  • Mathilde (* 1815 in Vienna; † 1866 in Pankota ), painter
  • Theodor (born December 10, 1818 in Vienna, † April 3, 1871 in Sibiu / Transylvania ), painter and photographer
  • Julius (* 1821; † 1873)
  • Jakob (* 1823; † 1856)

Commemoration

On August 6, 1895, the Vienna City Council decided to name a street in the 19th district of Vienna ( Oberdöbling ) in Glatzgasse in memory of Jakob Glatz .

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ According to the NDB, his mother's name was Susanna Anna Strompf .
  2. ↑ Two brothers are still known: János Glatz de Bártfa (* 1784; † 1842) and József Glatz (* 1776)
  3. ^ The Ratio Educationis was a law passed by Maria Theresa on August 2, 1777 , which reorganized the school system in the Habsburg Empire.
  4. ^ Karl W. Schwarz: From Leonhard Stöckel to Ruprecht Steinacker. Berlin 2014, ISBN 978-3-89693-603-5 , p. 71
  5. ↑ It was an educational association for students.
  6. ^ Karl W. Schwarz: From Leonhard Stöckel to Ruprecht Steinacker. Berlin 2014, ISBN 978-3-89693-603-5 , p. 75
  7. ↑ His fruitful writing activity includes about 80 works; 59 of these are youth publications that have been translated into numerous languages ​​and are still read today.
  8. ^ Karpatendeutsches Biographisches Lexikon. P. 102
personal data
SURNAME Glatz, Jakob
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Evangelical Lutheran preacher, educator and writer
DATE OF BIRTH November 17, 1776
PLACE OF BIRTH Deutschendorf , Kingdom of Hungary
DATE OF DEATH September 25, 1831
Place of death Pressburg , Kingdom of Hungary