Jeanne d'Arc (ship, 1899)

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flag
The Joan of Arc, 1921
The Joan of Arc , 1921
Overview
Type Armored cruiser
Shipyard

Toulon-Mourillon Naval Arsenal , Toulon

Keel laying October 24, 1896
Launch June 8, 1899
delivery February 1901
Namesake Joan of Arc
Commissioning December 10, 1902
Decommissioning October 1928
Removed from ship register February 15, 1933
Whereabouts Wrecked August 1934
Technical specifications
displacement

Construction: 11,270 t

length

145.4 m

width

19.4 m

Draft

8.1 m

crew

626-651 men

drive

36 Du Temple water tube boilers
3 × 3 cylinder triple expansion steam engines
28,500 HP
3 screws

speed

21.8 kn

Range

13,500 nm , at a cruising speed of 10 kn

Armament
Armor
  • Belt: 40–150 mm
    * Armored deck: 18–65 mm
    * Embankments: 35 mm
    * Command tower : 30–150 mm
    * Heavy artillery towers: 120–160 mm
    * Barbettes medium artillery: 50–140 mm
    * Shields: 75 mm

The Jeanne d'Arc was an armored cruiser of the French Navy .

Construction and technical data

The ship was based on plans by Louis-Émile Bertin , the chief engineer (Directeur des Construction Navales) of the French Navy on 24 October 1896 the shipyard of the Naval Arsenal Toulon in the district of Mourillon laid down on and ran there on June 8, 1899 launched . The ship was completed in February 1901 and commissioned on December 10, 1902.

Side elevation and elevation of Joan of Arc

The ship was 145.4 m long and 19.4 m wide, had a draft of 8.1 m and displaced 11,270 t . The machinery consisted of 36 Du-Temple water tube boilers that supplied the steam for three 3-cylinder triple expansion steam engines . Its six chimneys set up in two groups of three - a smaller seventh one was located amidships between these - earned the ship the derisive name of "cigarette pack". The engine output of a total of 28,500 hp allowed a top speed of 21.8 knots over three screws . The range was 13,500 nm at a cruising speed of 10 kn.

The main armament of the cruiser consisted of two 19.4 cm L / 40 cannons of the model 1893 in single turrets fore and aft , the middle artillery of a total of 14 (eight in casemates , six in single barbeds on the upper deck) 13.8 cm -L / 45 rapid fire guns of the model 1893. There were also for repelling torpedoboats 16 on the superstructure in individual mountings erected 4.7 cm Hotchkiss -Geschützen and six 3.7-cm-Hotchkiss revolver cannon . Two 45 cm torpedo tubes completed the armament. The armor was up to 150 mm thick in the belt and at the command post, 120–160 mm on the two turrets, and 50–140 mm on the barbeds. The armor was between 18 and 65 mm.

fate

Prewar years

The cruiser served mostly in the Mediterranean . Outstanding event in his first ten years of service was that he brought the French President Émile Loubet from Marseille to Algiers on April 14, 1903 and him on April 29/30. May brought back from Bizerta to Marseilles.

In 1912, the Jeanne d'Arc - as the successor to the old Duguay-Trouin , converted from the hospital ship Tonkin 1900/01 to a school cruiser - was assigned to the École Navale in Lanvéoc near Brest as a cadet training ship . In this role she carried out two long training trips overseas, one each school year.

First World War

When the First World War broke out , she was assigned to the 2nd Light Squadron in the English Channel . In April 1915 she moved to the 3rd cruiser squadron in Port Said , which patrolled the sea area from the Suez Canal to the Dardanelles . She was there from April 22nd under the later Vice Admiral and Admiral Chief of Staff Albert Grasset as the flagship of Rear Admiral Émile Guépratte in the preparations for the invasion of Gallipoli and on April 25th in the bombardment of Ottoman positions in Beşik Bay (Beşiktepe) and at Kumkale on Entrance to the Dardanelles involved, where then 16,000 French soldiers made a mock landing to distract the defenders. In the last week of May 1915 she took part in the bombardment of installations on the Syrian coast and the destruction of the German consulate in Haifa . On June 5, 1915, she brought up the two tugs Seyhoun and Cydnus as prizes off Mersin ; Both belonged to the railway company Mersina-Tarsus-Adana (Compagnie du chemin de fer Mersina-Tarsus-Adana), a 100 percent subsidiary of Deutsche Bank since 1906 . The Rabenfels (HMS Raven II from June 12, 1915 ), which was confiscated by Great Britain in Port Said at the beginning of the war and converted into a makeshift seaplane transporter, was involved with its reconnaissance aircraft. On September 1, 1915, French troops landed by the Jeanne d'Arc and the old ship of the line Jauréguiberry occupied the Syrian island of Aruad . At the rescue of the total of 4092 surviving Armenians from Musa Dağı (southwest of İskenderun ), who died on 12./13. September 1915 were evacuated to Port Said , she was only indirectly involved as the flagship of the squadron commander, Vice Admiral Louis Dartig du Fournet . On December 28, 1915, troops landed by Jeanne d'Arc and Amiral Charner occupied the island of Kastelorizo off the Turkish coast near Kaş , which then became an important base for the Entente until the end of the war . In the last year of the war, the Jeanne d'Arc escorted the transports of US troops across the Atlantic to France.

Post-war years

After the end of the war, the ship was first transferred to the reserve in Brest in April 1919 and then activated again as a cadet training ship for the École Navale. After a total of nine extended training trips, the ship was disarmed towards the end of 1928 and renamed Jeanne d'Arc II , because a new light cruiser laid down in Saint-Nazaire in October 1928 took over the traditional name and was also to become the new cadet training ship. Until the new cruiser could be put into service, the armored cruiser Edgar Quinet of the École Navale was to serve as a training ship. After the ship ran aground near Oran in January 1930 and sank, the midshipmen were distributed to various battleships . Those of the following year 1930/31 were trained on the three heavy cruisers of the "1re Division Léger", Duquesne , Tourville (both Duquesne class ) and Suffren , and in autumn 1931 the new Joan of Arc took their place.

The End

The old Jeanne d'Arc was retired on February 15, 1933 and sold on July 7, 1934 to the Chantiers de demolition de bâteaux au Bois Sacré in La Seyne-sur-Mer near Toulon . On August 11, 1934, she was towed by the tug Abeille XXII from Brest to the Bay of Toulon and scrapped there.

Commanders (selection)

  • Capitaine de vaisseau Émile Boisse (1848–1926), from March 1, 1901, already during the trial, until August 1904 (most recently Rear Admiral)
  • Capitaine de vaisseau Émile Guépratte (1856–1939), 1905, and late 1906–1908 (most recently Vice Admiral)
  • Capitaine de vaisseau Paul Philippe Marc Thibault (1853–1926), October 10, 1910 to January 1913
  • Capitaine de vaisseau Albert Grasset (1863–1932), April 1912 to August 1915 (most recently Vice Admiral and Admiral Chief of Staff)
  • Capitaine de vaisseau René Camille Voisin (1867–1932), August 15 to December 1915.
  • Capitaine de vaisseau Pierre Yves Marie Méléart (1865–1920), July to December 1916.
  • Capitaine de frigate / Capitaine de vaisseau Louis Juin (1869–1931), December 1916 to August 1917
  • Capitaine de vaisseau Eugène Marie Perdriel (1864–1932), August 1917 to May 1920
  • Capitaine de vaisseau Henry Marie Octave Joseph de Bourdoncle de Saint-Salvy (1872–1960), 1924–1926

Footnotes

  1. ↑ Warning: The two cracks contain a mistake: the second 13.8-cm gun in barbette setup on the upper deck was amidships and not between the two aft funnels.
  2. ^ Félix du Temple (1832–1890) was a French naval and army officer, aviation pioneer, engineer, industrialist and politician. The water-tube boiler he developed was initially used by the French navy in their torpedo boat destroyers , and later in correspondingly larger numbers in other ships.
  3. ↑ Les bâtiments ayant porté le nom de Jeanne d'Arc
  4. ↑ Navire école - Transport de troupes - Navire hôpital - Duguay-Trouin
  5. ↑ Le Temps, n ° 19.921, Vendredi 21 janvier 1916, p. 2, en rubrique "Sur mer"; Le Temps, n ° 19.922, Samedi 22 janvier 1916, p. 2, en rubrique "Sur mer".
  6. ↑ D / S Rabenfels , at ddghansa-shipsphotos
  7. ↑ The evacuation took place under the orders of Rear Admiral Gabriel Darrieus , Commander of the 2nd Division of the 3rd Cruiser Squadron. The armored cruisers Amiral Charner (347 rescued Armenians) and Desaix (303), the protected cruisers D'Estrées (459) and Guichen (1941) and the aircraft mother ship Foudre (1042) were directly involved . ( Le Contre-Amiral Darrieus, Commandant la 2e Division et pi la 3e Escadre de la Méditerranée, à M. Victor Augagneur, Ministre de la Marine; Dépêche n ° 293. Secret. A bord du Jauréguiberry, en mer, le 22 septembre 1915 . )
  8. ↑ Postcard view of the shipyard  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / collection-jfm.fr  
  9. ^ Emile Jean François Jules Justin Joseph Marie Boisse, in Biographies anciens élèves de l'École navale et précédents
  10. ^ Paul Philippe Marc Thibault, in Biographies anciens élèves de l'École navale et précédents
  11. ^ Maurice Ferdinand Albert Grasset, in Biographies anciens élèves de l'École navale et précédents
  12. ^ René Voisin, in Biographies anciens élèves de l'École navale et précédents
  13. ↑ Pierre Yves Marie Méléart, in Biographies anciens élèves de l'École navale et précédents
  14. ^ Louis Juin, at Biographies anciens élèves de l'École navale et précédents
  15. ↑ Eugène Marie Perdriel in Biographies anciens élèves de l'Ecole navale et précédents
  16. ^ Henry Marie Octave Joseph de Bourdoncle de Saint-Salvy, in Biographies anciens élèves de l'École navale et précédents

Web links

Commons : Jeanne d'Arc (ship, 1902)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files