Johann Bernhard Mann

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Johann Bernhard Mann (born April 19, 1880 in Rostock , † May 19, 1945 in Berlin-Spandau ) was a German manager and naval officer .

Life

family

Johann Bernhard Mann came from the Rostock branch of the Mann merchant family . He was the son of the merchant and later Danish consul Friedrich Johann Bernhard Mann (1853–1910) and his wife Mathilde Mann , née Scheven (1859–1925), translator and editor at the University of Rostock . The marriage was concluded on April 26, 1878 in Rostock. When the father's company, which was in the grain trade, went bankrupt in 1885, the family moved to Copenhagen . Here, the mother mainly had to pay for the family's livelihood. The associated difficulties led to the separation of the marriage in 1892.

Johann Bernhard Mann was married to Elisabeth, born in 1913. Hirschfeld (1892–1943), a daughter of the landowner Richard Hirschfeld at Gut Knoop . Their marriage resulted in a son, Johann Bernhard, who died in 1940 fighting on the Western Front.

Career

After finishing school, Johann Bernhard Mann joined the Imperial Navy as a cadet in April 1897 . From 1898 to 1899 he sailed the waters around the West Indies , Central and South America as part of his naval officer training . In the autumn of 1900 he was promoted to lieutenant at sea . He was deployed from 1901 as an adjutant and officer on watch on various ships of the II. Squadron, such as the armored ships SMS Aegir and SMS Hildebrand and the ship of the line SMS Barbarossa . He was promoted to first lieutenant at sea in 1902, and in the spring of 1904 he transferred to the fleet's reconnaissance forces as a result of a command. From April 1904 he was in command of the reconnaissance ships as a flag lieutenant . He served here mainly on the cruiser SMS Friedrich Carl and the ship from the Roon class of the SMS Yorck . In the autumn of 1906 he became the commander of the torpedo boat S 99 and in April 1907 he was promoted to lieutenant captain. In September of the same year he switched to the G 133 torpedo boat as commander . From 1908 he was employed as an adjutant for the inspector of torpedoes.

In autumn 1910 he became the commander of the dispatch boat SMS Sleipner , the former torpedo boat S 97 , which served as the escort ship of the imperial state yacht Hohenzollern . On November 21, 1910, Emperor Wilhelm II , accompanied by Admiral Alfred von Tirpitz , drove with SMS Sleipner to the inauguration of the newly built naval school in Mürwik . In 1912 Mann was transferred to the central department of the Reichsmarinamt . Here he was promoted to corvette captain in 1914 .

With the outbreak of the First World War he was employed in the headquarters in Berlin as a representative of the naval office. In 1916 he switched back to the mobile troops and became a squadron navigation officer on the SMS König Albert under sea captain Karl Thorbecke. From December 1, 1917 he was first officer on the liner SMS Prinzregent Luitpold , which was led by Captain Karl von Hornhardt . In the months of November and December 1918, which were difficult due to the sailors' uprisings and the transfer of the fleet to Scapa Flow , he was in command of SMS Dresden . With the character of a frigate captain , Mann was discharged from the navy in November 1919.

After the war, Johann Bernhard Mann settled in Munich and became a close confidante of Alfred Hugenberg . This made him a general representative and member of the supervisory board of almost all sub-companies of the Hugenberg Group . Among other things, he became director of Ostdeutsche Privatbank AG , which was founded by Hugenberg in 1922 and transferred to Mann in 1926. With the voting rights, the bank controlled the other companies of the Hugenberg Group, such as August Scherl GmbH or Vera-Verlagsanstalt GmbH , as a central holding company . Ostdeutsche Privatbank AG was again controlled by the trade association for the promotion of intellectual reconstruction forces . This was the parent company of the Hugenberg group.

It is very likely that Mann was also a member of the German National People's Party (DNVP), which von Hugenberg helped to establish in 1918 . From 1920 Johann Bernhard Mann was involved in the preparation and execution of secret armaments contracts for the navy of the Weimar Republic , forbidden by the Versailles Treaty of 1919 , for the construction of submarines at the Japanese shipyard in Osaka .

In 1945, Mann, now living in Berlin , volunteered for the Volkssturm . He was wounded on April 27, 1945 in the fighting for Berlin. He died of a stroke on May 19, 1945 in the hospital in Berlin-Spandau .

estate

A partial estate of Johann Bernhard Mann is in the Federal Archives-Military Archives in Freiburg. The digitized inventory includes diary entries about the operations in World War I, including excerpts from the war diary of U 20s as well as correspondence from the military service, etc. a. with Grand Admiral Alfred von Tirpitz.

Foundation, endowment

Presumably because of his own difficult development as a young person, due to the financial situation in his mother's household, Johann Mann set up the retired frigate captain Johann Bernhard Mann fund on April 28, 1908 to support young people and their political and Christian education also sponsored publications. After the death of his wife and son in 1943, he donated his entire fortune to the fund.

This fund was merged into the Johann Bernhard Mann Foundation in 1975, 30 years after his death, which (as of 2019) is still active and is represented by Oskar Prince of Prussia and Hans-Dieter von Meibom . The youth education and leisure center "Johann-Bernhard-Mann-Haus" in Reichshof- Odenspiel , which is currently run by the Diakonie , had previously been used by the Johanniter .

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ See Michael Stübbe: The Manns: Genealogy of a German family of writers. (2004). New edition 2016, ISBN 978-3-00-052256-7 , p. 40.
  2. ↑ Rostock church book copies, 1580-1945, Digital Images, Archive of the Hanseatic city of Rostock, Germany, In: Ancestry.com
  3. ↑ Biographical information on the Johann Bernhard Mann family. Retrieved September 11, 2019 .
  4. ^ Federal Archives Koblenz, Biographical data on Johann Bernhard Mann. Retrieved September 11, 2019 .
  5. ^ German Marine Institute (ed.): Marineschule Mürwik. Verlag ES Müller & Sohn, Herfort 1985; Jörg Hillmann: 100 years of the Mürwik Naval School. Ceremonial address on the occasion of the ceremony on November 24, 2010. Deutsches Marine Institut 2011, p. 6.
  6. ↑ Hermann Weiss , Paul Hoser (Ed.): The German Nationalists and the Destruction of the Weimar Republic. Walter de Gruyter, 2010,
  7. ^ Margot Lindemann, Kurt Koszyk: Deutsche Presse, 1914-1945 . Spiess Volker, 1972, ISBN 978-3-7678-0309-1 , p. 186 ( google.de [accessed on May 7, 2020]).
  8. ↑ Michael Brenner: The long shadow of the revolution. Suhrkamp Verlag, 2019.
  9. ↑ W.Spang, Rudolf Harald Wippich: Japanes-German Relations 1895-1945, War, diplomaticy and public opinion. London 2006.
  10. ↑ entry in estate database
  11. ↑ Michael Stübbe: The Manns. Genealogy of a German family of writers. Degener, 2004, ISBN 3-7686-5189-4 . P. 40.
  12. ↑ file number 62/16; Today the foundation is based in Bonn, Finckenstein Allee 111.Retrieved on September 11, 2019 .
  13. ↑ A meeting place. In: rundschau-online.de from January 1, 2003.
personal data
SURNAME Man, Johann Bernhard
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German lieutenant captain in the First World War
DATE OF BIRTH April 19, 1880
PLACE OF BIRTH Rostock
DATE OF DEATH May 19, 1945
Place of death Berlin-Spandau