Johann Ernst Wichmann

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Johann Ernst Wichmann (born May 10, 1740 in Hanover ; † June 12, 1802 there ) was a German physician and "royal court medicus".

Life

family

Johann Ernst Wichmann was the father of Caroline , who married the Uslar doctor Rudolf Flügge , was the mother of the doctor Max Eduard Flügge (1811-1892) and became the grandmother of the hygienist Carl Flügge through him.

Career

In 1824 the former London tavern on Marstallbrücke in Calenberger Neustadt was converted into a poor house;
Lithograph by Julius Giere after Rudolf Wiegmann , 1835

Born in the original residence of the Electorate of Hanover , Johann Ernst Wichmann studied at the University of Göttingen from 1759 to 1762 , mainly under Johann Gottfried Brendel , Rudolf Augustin Vogel and Johann Georg Roederer . After his dissertation, Wichmann settled as a general practitioner in his hometown, but about a year later went on longer study trips , first to France , then to England , which at the time was linked to Wichmann's hometown through the personal union between Great Britain and Hanover .

After in-depth studies of medicine used in England, Wichmann returned to Hanover in 1764, where he put his newly acquired knowledge into practice on the one hand, and on the other hand "developed an extensive literary activity" and also translated English medical works into German. Through this work, but also through his successful therapeutic cures , Wichmann achieved a reputation that transcended national borders .

Among other things, Wichmann was "very friends" with the physician Paul Gottlieb Werlhof , the personal physician of his sovereign and Great British King Georg II. After Werlhof's death (1767), Wichmann was appointed the king's second personal physician and also practiced as a general practitioner for the poor Orphans . In 1775 Wichmann published a complete edition of the works of his deceased friend Werlhof. Another friend was the Hannoversche Hofmedikus Lebrecht Friedrich Benjamin Lentin .

Wichmann was "close friends" with Johann Georg Zimmermann , the philosopher and writer who came to Hanover in 1768 as the "Royal British Councilor and [first] personal physician". In 1796 Wichmann wrote down Zimmermann's medical history .

From 1794 to 1802 Wichmann published his main work in Hanover, the three-volume Ideas on Diagnostics , which contain “a wealth of astute remarks on the art of diagnosis”.

Johann Ernst Wichmann was a member of the Royal Society of Sciences in Göttingen , the Society of Friends of Natural Sciences in Berlin , the Kurmainzische Akademie in Erfurt and the Swiss Society of Corresponding Doctors and Surgeons in Zurich .

Wichmann died in 1802 "out of grief over the death of his [wife] wife".

Fonts (selection)

  • De insigni venenorum quorundam virtute medica imprimisque cantharidum ad morsum animalium rabidorum praestantia , dissertation
  • Tractatus de podagra et hydrope , Editio in Germania prima (with reference to Thomas Sydenham and Anton Sörck ), Wetzlar: PJ Winckler, ca.1770
  • Contribution to the history of cervical disease in 1770 (with reference to Thomas Sydenham), Leipzig; Cell: Carl Gsellius , 1770 (at DNB also 1771)
  • De pollutione diurna , frequentiori sed rarius observata, tabescentiae causa , Göttingen: 1782
  • Etiology of scabies , Hanover: 1786, 1791
  • Contribution to the knowledge of pemphigus , Erfurt: 1791
  • Ideas for diagnostics (in connection with Johann David Wilhelm Sachse ), 3 volumes, different editions, Hanover: Hellwingsche Hofbuchhandlung, 1794 to 1802
    • First volume, second, improved edition, Hanover: 1800: digitized
    • Third part, 1802; Digitized
  • Zimmermann's medical history , Hanover: 1796

Others

The Heidelberg University Library has in its graphic collection a copper engraving made by Eberhard Siegfried Henne on the basis of “Schröder” with the portrait of Johann Ernst Wichmann. The responsible persons noted the following regarding the digitized version:

"The use of this work is permitted under the terms of the Creative Commons license cc-BY-NC-SA (attribution - non- commercial use - transfer under the same conditions)."

literature

Web links

Remarks

  1. ↑ According to the German National Library, there is also a deviation from 1803 as the year of Wichmann's death, compare the information under the GND number of the DNB.
  2. ↑ Manfred Stürzbecher: Flügge, Carl Georg Friedrich Wilhelm , in: Neue Deutsche Biographie , Vol. 5 (1961), p. 261 f.
  3. ↑ a b c d e f g h i Julius Pagel:  Wichmann, Johann Ernst . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 42, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1897, p. 313.
  4. ^ Klaus Mlynek : Personal union. In: Klaus Mlynek, Waldemar R. Röhrbein (eds.) U. a .: City Lexicon Hanover . From the beginning to the present. Schlütersche, Hannover 2009, ISBN 978-3-89993-662-9 , p. 498.
  5. ↑ Dirk Böttcher: Werlhof, Paul Gottlieb. In: Hannoversches Biographisches Lexikon , p. 384; online through google books
  6. ↑ Johann Duve had donated a poor house and orphanage for 60 children and 40 adults in Hanover in 1642 at the northwest end of Schmiedestrasse , where they were supposed to spin to earn a living , compare Carl-Hans Hauptmeyer : 1642. In: Hannover Chronik , p. 48; online through google books
  7. ^ Hugo Thielen : Zimmermann, Johann Georg. In: Hannoversches Biographisches Lexikon , p. 399
  8. ↑ Holger Krahnke: The members of the Academy of Sciences in Göttingen 1751-2001 (= Treatises of the Academy of Sciences in Göttingen, Philological-Historical Class. Volume 3, Vol. 246 = Treatises of the Academy of Sciences in Göttingen, Mathematical-Physical Class. Episode 3, vol. 50). Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen 2001, ISBN 3-525-82516-1 , p. 257.
  9. ↑ Compare, for example, the inside title in Ideas for Diagnostics , Volume One , Second, Improved Edition
  10. ↑ Compare the information on the website of the Prometheus picture archive
personal data
SURNAME Wichmann, Johann Ernst
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Wichmann, Joh. Ernst; Wichmann, Johannes Ernst; Wichmann, Joannes Ernestus; Wichmann, Ernest (LCAuth); Wichmann, Johann Ernest (LCAuth); Wichmann, Johann E.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German medic
DATE OF BIRTH May 10, 1740
PLACE OF BIRTH Hanover
DATE OF DEATH June 12, 1802
Place of death Hanover